A video tutorial on how novices learn injections.

The left hand tightens the skin at the lower end of the puncture site, and the right hand holds the needle wing of the scalp needle, with the inclined plane of the needle facing upward, and enters the needle (at 20 degrees to the skin). Here are some tips for choosing blood vessels:

1, the elderly: hand-foot intravenous infusion. The elderly and infirm with various chronic diseases have small veins in hands and feet, less subcutaneous fat, poor elasticity, lack of tissue support in blood vessels, great mobility and difficulty in puncture. Therefore, we should carefully understand the characteristics or physiological abnormalities of blood vessels before puncture, and we must pay attention to full exposure, see clearly, and find out the depth and thickness. Accord to that characteristics that peripheral nerve of hands and feet are sensitive to pain stimuli, a fast, steady, accurate, shallow and not deep method should be adopted to gradually insert needles to avoid vasoconstriction caused by pain and reduce the success rate of puncture. Compare the length of needle body and blood vessel before needle insertion to determine the length of needle insertion; Patients don't need to make a fist during puncture, and the method of natural relaxation is obviously better than the method of making a fist. It has the advantages of fast needle insertion, fast blood return and high rate of hitting the nail on the head, which obviously relieves the pain of needle insertion. During intravenous infusion, hold the patient's hand or foot with his left hand, and tighten the skin with his thumb to fix the lower end of blood vessels to reduce blood vessel sliding. If it is difficult to puncture this part successfully, you can choose 1/2 to puncture the blood vessel of the finger retrograde.

2. Retrograde scalp-vein infusion in children. Usually, children's scalp intravenous infusion mostly adopts retrograde venipuncture to the heart, but children who have been transfused for a long time can't recover in a short time because of more blood vessel injuries. For example, if the punctured blood vessel is used again, due to the increase of local blood volume and intravascular pressure, liquid can penetrate into the tissue gap through the original needle eye, causing local swelling, and some drugs can penetrate into the subcutaneous tissue, causing tissue necrosis and bringing undue pain to children. Because the scalp vein of the child is a reticular shunt and there is no venous valve, the speed of retrograde infusion will not slow down.