When are the mushrooms planted?

The cultivation of Lentinus edodes in China is generally from the middle and late September to1early October 10, and the ten-day average temperature is not higher than 25℃. After 60 days of inoculation, the ten-day average temperature is not lower than 65438 00℃.

Cultivation techniques of shiitake mushrooms

1 Settings of mushroom farm

The better mushroom farm should be gentle slope, with good resources, close water source, shade, gravel, acidity, away from the north wind and sunny.

2) Clean up the site

(1) According to the requirements of three points for dew and seven points for shade at the turn of spring and summer, it is beneficial to the operation management and ventilation of the site to cut low and leave high.

② Remove the litter, bark and roots of the site, as well as decayed things within several meters outside the site, and eradicate the breeding ground of miscellaneous bacteria and pests.

(3) According to the terrain, set up fences for people to walk, ditch cleaning and drainage facilities.

(4) When natural shading is insufficient, build a shading shed (2m high) or plant melons for shading in the future.

⑤ The last step of mushroom farm cleaning is to sprinkle lime on the ground to control insects and ants and inhibit the spread of miscellaneous bacteria.

2 Selection and subsection preparation of mushroom trees

1) mushroom tree selection

There are not less than 200 kinds of trees that can be used to cultivate Lentinus edodes, most of which belong to FAGACEAE, betulaceae and Hamamelidaceae. Mushroom trees must meet the following conditions:

① No aromatic oil substances;

(2) The bark has moderate thickness and is not easy to separate, which is beneficial to the adjustment of temperature and humidity and reduces the probability of infection by miscellaneous bacteria;

③ Proper and strong wood, with more sapwood and less heartwood, is beneficial to the full decomposition and utilization of mushroom mycelium.

2) Tree diameter and age

It is not advisable to choose trees that are too thick and too thin to cultivate mushrooms. The average diameter is 12-20cm, and the age is 10-25 years old.

Trees with thinner bark can be older; Trees with thick bark can be younger. Thin-skinned trees produce mushrooms quickly, but the mushroom cover is thin and the mushroom meat is loose; Thick-skinned trees produce mushrooms slowly, but the mushroom quality is good. Young heartwood is small, the mushroom grows early after inoculation, the mushroom is thin and small, and the mushroom is rotten in Mu Yi, so the mushroom continuous period is short.

3) Wood section preparation: mainly includes cutting trees, drying logs and cutting branches.

(1) Cut down trees in time

Advocating Huang Ye to cut down trees, that is, to enter a dormant period. At this time, the stored nutrients are the most abundant, and the bark and xylem are closely combined, so it is not easy to peel when moving. The chopped mushrooms are called logs.

② Proper drying.

Drying logs is actually to adjust the water content of logs to facilitate the colonization and growth of hyphae after inoculation. The water content of different tree species is different, so the drying time is different. It is often considered that there is no germination ability after drying, or it is appropriate that the juice does not ooze when inoculating and drilling holes. At this time, the water content is about 40-45%.

③ Branch cutting

After logs are properly dried (when several short cracks appear in the cross section of logs), they should be planed and cut off in time. The log after cutting branches is called saving wood. The length of the wood segment should be1.0-1.2m. If there are branchlets, leave 3-5cm at the bifurcation to cut them off, so as not to increase the incision area and increase the chance of infection.

Brush the section with 5% fresh lime milk as soon as possible after cutting the branches to prevent foreign bacteria from invading from the wound.