On "Taking Literature as Poetry"

"Poetry is based on literature" is a creative method and the most important physical feature of Song poetry. "Poetry based on prose" mainly integrates narrative, description, discussion and lyricism, making the expression methods of poetry more diversified, visualized and fluent. Traditional poetry has realized the transformation from "emotion" to "meaning" in function, expanded the scope of subject matter in many aspects, and formed the prose atmosphere of Song poetry.

Du Fu's "Poetry by Writing" stems from the innovation of artistic thinking mode under the pressure of great changes, while Han Yu's "Poetry by Writing" has deeper ideological and cultural roots. The ideological origin of Confucian orthodoxy also prompted Ouyang Xiu to become the first person to strongly admire and practice learning Korean poetry.

On the literary concept, Wang Anshi admires Ouyang Xiu, and thinks that the fundamental value of Ouyang Xiu's literature lies in the basic characteristics of his poetry, which is exactly where he cares about the value of poetry from the standpoint of China ancient writers.

Ouyang Xiu's close ally in the poetry innovation movement is Mei. Mei's poems use ancient prose and its thoughts, but also show political functions. Wang Anshi also spoke highly of this aspect of Mei's poetry, which can reflect that Wang Anshi actually standardized the function of poetry with the function of ancient prose. Wang Anshi's poems are not only full of realistic spirit and political consciousness, but also use prose in sentence patterns.

When he arrived at Su Shi, he used prose as a poem to "talk nonsense". The prose and argumentative in his poems are not only reflected in a lot of practice, but also guided by the bold and unrestrained style. For example, the mountains and rivers in Wang Dingguo Collection, the language of the whole poem flows and the momentum changes vertically and horizontally. Compared with Mei and Europe, the expression is more extensive and diversified. At this time, "writing as poetry" has reached the highest level.

Introduce prose composition, syntax and typesetting into poetry.

Ouyang Xiu inherited and developed Liu Han's theoretical tradition of ancient prose, made a certain choice of parallel prose, and put prose syntax into poetry. For example, Harmony with the Princess and Lushan presented Liu Ning to Nankang in the same year are full of poetic changes, and it is quite common to see poetic features.

Su Shi often uses popular words in his poems. Syntactically, Su Shi used the sentence patterns and grammar of prose to enter poetry. "Have you noticed that famous brands, famous brands, famous brands, famous brands, famous brands and famous brands are the seven laws of ancient style? Grammatically, function words are used, either as a link between sentences or as a connecting link in sentences, especially in modern poems that emphasize the rules of antithesis.

Mei's poems also have the characteristics of daily language and empty words. Linguistically, he opposed the inversion and substitution of the word order of Tang poetry and used the normal word order of prose. For example, "Drinking in the Rain on May 10th": The plum blossom world is raining and in a mess. "Rhyme Drama": What you hear when you come, what you see when you go. In Mei's poems, we can see the usage of some function words, such as "Ji", "Wei", "Yu", "Yan" and "Zhong".

Similarly, Su Shunqin also has the characteristics of using function words. For example, the significance of mountain poems seen by several neighbors, Taihang road, drinking wine, Qingzhou defeat and so on.

Introduce the planning, layout, structure and spirit of prose into poetry.

? In terms of composition structure, Su Shi pays attention to the layout of articles and draws lessons from the composition structure of prose, which makes poetry works have ups and downs and flowing beauty, and at the same time expresses more twists and turns.

Mei's poems have the characteristics of prose layout and changes in poem names. For example, in "God's Words and Teacher Lu's Poems", first explain the reason of the wanderer, then describe the passing scenic spots one by one, and finally sigh over. The whole poem is well written and well structured. Moreover, the title of the poem is very long, which is also the embodiment of the writing method of poetry and literature. This technique is also used in "Eight-year-old Xie Fu went to Nanyang, crossed Yexian County, accompanied by Jun Xing Qing Jing She, and went west between topics". Ice dust is 30 years old. I'll press the field. Because I visited Lao Ji, I was completely pregnant. Pretend this rumor is very sad.

Apply the brushwork of describing events and characters in prose to poetry, and describe more and less.

The use of prose in Ouyang Xiu's poetry creation is based on the narrative means of prose. For example, the words used in Hequ and Lyric to Mei are so wonderful in ancient Chinese that the personality characteristics of most characters are outlined in only a few words, and the lively and casual atmosphere at the banquet is vividly portrayed with the eclectic performance of characters.

Su Shunqin's poems, especially the five-character ancient poems, are also straightforward, among which political poems and social poems are basically composed of narration and discussion. For example, Ganxing first narrates the history since Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties, and then discusses current events. "Han San's Visit to Ouyang Jiu" begins with the self-report, invites him to visit Ouyang Xiu, and finally discusses it. There are also many poems about scenery, such as visiting mountains.

Ignore tonality requirements such as level tone and melody, disrupt the original rhythm, create anti-symmetry and anti-circular beauty, and make poetry have the style of pre-Qin prose.

Mei's poems have different rhythms, flexible styles and irregular sentence patterns. There are four words mixed with five words in "Cunning in Min" and five words mixed with seven words in "Hundred Tongues" ... The poems sorted out are rich and colorful.

In Su Shunqin's poems, there are many poems that could have been antithetical, but they don't conform to the rhythm of modern poetry, and even some poems deliberately have the same words. For example, when traveling too far, the highest people should be friends with the sky, the deepest people doubt the blood of the earth, and there is a snowstorm in the south of the city, which has covered my face with powder and decorated my cheeks with jewels and so on.

The function and theme range of traditional poetry have been developed. Poetry contains a large number of major themes reflecting social events and political opinions, as well as unprecedented attention to daily trivia and artifacts.

Wang Anshi's Citizen of Hebei deeply observes the social reality, Feelings loudly calls for political reform, Merger specifically plans the implementation of the new law, and Sigh deeply sympathizes with the oppressed peasants. And the expanding political horizons, such as "feeling", "merger" and "development", are the observation, analysis and exposure of political, economic, social and military issues.

Ouyang Xiu's demand for poetry to enrich social content reflects the daily interests of a large number of families, and describes and appreciates tea, wine, food and antiques. For example, the first time I ate a car claw: "Many clams on the plate came from the seaside." There are "Taste New Tea", "Lingxi Dashi" and "Zishiping Song".

Mei's poems such as Shi Houyun's lice are not invited by ancient poetry and Xiu Shu's lice reflect the weakening of the lyric function of poetry and the efforts to explore the theme by carefully observing things. In Wanna, tea, food, flowers, vegetables, ginger and other life have become important contents of Mei's poems.

?