What are the ornamental trees?

Pinaceae, Cedar. Evergreen trees, trees as high as 50 ~ 70 meters. The crown is tower-shaped and the bark is dark gray. The big branches are irregularly whorled, the branchlets are slightly drooping, and there are long and short branches. Needles have white powder when they are young, clustered at the top of short branches and spirally arranged on long branches. Dioecious, rare, identical. Flowering period 10 ~ 1 1 month, cones mature in September ~ 1 month of the following year, and the seeds are triangular. Originated in the western Himalayas, from Afghanistan to India, it is now cultivated in the Yangtze River basin. Like light, slightly tolerant of shade, like warm and humid climate, need to grow in deep, fertile and well-drained soil, afraid of stagnant water, strong drought resistance, poor resistance to harmful gases such as smoke and sulfur dioxide. Shallow roots, prone to strong winds lodging. Cedar, with its straight trunk, magnificent momentum, flat lateral branches and extraordinary bearing, is also known as the world's five largest landscape tree species together with Pinus bungeana, Cotinus coggygria, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Giant Sequoia, and is suitable for individual or group planting. It can also be used to plant urban street trees with unique style; Broad green belts are planted on both sides of modern highways, which are magnificent and awe-inspiring with trees. Cultivated varieties are: ① stout varieties, lush growth, arched branches and dense leaves. (2) The bell flower, with drooping branches, looks like a cypress. (3) Golden leaf of Cedar (var.aurea).

2. Qian Jinsong

Deciduous trees, dictyophora. This tree is 40 meters high. The trunk is straight, the bark is light brown when young, dark brown when old, scaly, and the big branches are irregularly whorled. Leaves cluster into a wheel, like an ancient coin, golden in autumn, so it is called money pine. It is distributed from the south of the Yangtze River basin to Hunan, Hubei and Sichuan. There are big trees in Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang, and small pure forests in Jiuhua Mountain, Anhui. I like light, but I was a little tolerant of shade when I was a child. Suitable for acid soil with deep and fertile soil layer. In arid and barren land, it is easy to fall leaves and flat top. Saline-alkali land is not suitable for growth. It has certain cold tolerance, can withstand the extreme low temperature of -20℃, and can grow under the better microclimate conditions in the north. Strong fire resistance, once a fire occurs during defoliation, even if the trunk is burned out, new branches can germinate again the next year. Money pine is tall and beautiful, and it turns golden when it enters autumn leaves, which is more beautiful. It can be planted singly, clustered and clustered, and it is one of the five famous scenic trees. Or mix with other evergreen trees to form a cluster, and also play around. Cultivated varieties are: ① Dwarf shrub, the height is only 1 m, potted for ornamental. (2) Larix gmelinii, a small shrub with a conical crown and a height of 30-60 cm. (3) var.annelegana, shrub, 2-3 meters high, dense branches, large branches spreading, and drooping branchlets.

3. Japanese golden pine

Taxodiaceae, Pinus. There is also a separate list of Japanese Pinaceae. Evergreen trees, trees up to 40 meters high. The big branches are rotating, spreading horizontally, and the crown is pointed and round. The twigs are scattered with scales and needle-like impellers. Japanese native, one of the existing relict plant, is a subtropical and temperate tree species. Pure forest is distributed in the mountainous area of 600 ~ 1200m, which is shade-tolerant and does not grow well under the conditions of drought, humidity, calcareous and hard soil. It has certain cold resistance and can safely overwinter in Lushan and Qingdao. Young trees grow slowly, accelerating after 10 years, and entering the vigorous growth period at the age of 40. It is one of the five famous landscape trees in the world, and it is also a famous fireproof tree. Japanese golden pine has a beautiful tree shape and is suitable for western gardens and modern buildings. Cultivars include chlorophytum with drooping branches and chlorophytum variegatum with yellow stripes on leaves, which can be planted separately and oppositely, and the best planting effect is 3 ~ 5 plants in groups.

4.giant sequoia

Also known as the world grandfather tree. Taxodiaceae, giant sequoia. Evergreen giant tree, height 100 m, DBH 10 m. The crown is conical. There is a pile of columnar enlargement at the base of the stem. The bark is deep and vertical, spongy and 30 ~ 60 cm thick. Leaves scalelike subulate, spirally arranged, with branchlets attached to the base. Monoecious, conical oval. Native to California, USA, introduced and cultivated in Hangzhou, China. Love light and grow up quickly. It is one of the five landscape trees in the world.

5. Aralia elata

Phoebe bournei, Phoebe bournei. Evergreen trees, trees up to 60 meters high. Small trees are in the shape of spires. Old trees have flat tops, big branches rotate and stretch, and side branches stretch or droop. Leaf type 2: needle-shaped leaves, soft and stretched, loosely arranged, inserted in young branches and lateral branches; Triangular subulate leaves, closely arranged, inserted on old branches. Dioecious, conical, bracts spiny, apex bent backward. It is native to the southeast coastal area of Oceania, cultivated in the open field in Guangzhou, Xiamen and Hainan Island, and potted ornamental plants in the Yangtze River basin and northern greenhouses. I like warm and warm climate, but I don't like dry and cold, and I like fertile soil. Rapid growth, strong regeneration and easy germination after cutting. Aralia elata is tall and graceful, and it is one of the five landscape trees in the world. It is also suitable for street trees, memorial trees and precious indoor potted ornamental trees. The cultivated variety is cv. A plant of the genus Celastrus with silver-gray leaves; Ficus pendulous (variety. A drooping branch.

6. Pinus bungeana

Pinaceae, Pinaceae. Evergreen tree, with a height of more than 30 meters, has a tower crown when it is young and a round head when it is old. 1 annual branchlets are grayish green, smooth and hairless. The needles are in bundles of three. Cones are conical and oval, and mature from September to165438+the following year 10. There are pure forests in Lantian, Shaanxi, distributed in North China and Northwest China, and cultivated in Beijing, Lushan, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Hengyang and Kunming. Light-loving, deep-rooted, naturally distributed as cool rocky mountain acid soil, but it also grows well in fertile calcareous soil and slightly alkaline soil with pH 7.5 ~ 8. Pinus bungeana is a unique three-needle pine in China and a rare and precious shade tree species in the world. Bark falls off in irregular scales, revealing milky white trunk in mottling, which is very eye-catching, lining the green crown of branches and has a unique style. It has been planted in palaces, temples and famous gardens since ancient times. Trees with long life, 100 years old are very common. There is an old tree 1300 years old in Wenguo Temple, Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province, which is more than 25m high, DBH 1m and crown width 15m.

7. water pine

Taxodiaceae, Pinus. This genus has only 1 species, and it is a tree species that survived the Quaternary Ice Age. Deciduous tree, with a height of 8 ~ 16m, conical crown, twisted strip-shaped shallow bark, swollen stem base and bent respiratory root knee. The branches are sparse. There are three types of alternate leaves: scaly leaves spirally attached to the main branches, and 1 annual short branches and bud branches have strip-shaped subulate leaves and strip-shaped leaves, which fall off with the branchlets in winter. China specialty, distributed in southern and southeastern provinces, cultivated in the south of the Yangtze River basin. Like light, like warm, humid climate, not tolerant of low temperature. Respiratory roots develop in marshland, but not in well-drained land, and the dry base does not expand. Not suitable for saline-alkali soil growth. The cypress tree is beautiful, and it is most suitable for lakeside greening. The root system is developed and can be used as a windbreak forest. From 65438 to 0894, it was introduced to Britain as a garden treasure and indoor ornamental.

8. Silk cotton wood

Euonymaceae, Euonymus. Small deciduous tree, 8 meters high. The crown is round or oval, with extensive branches. Branchlets are slender, green and glabrous. The leaves are opposite, oval to oval, with slender petioles and red autumn leaves. The flowers are light green, with 3 ~ 7 cymes. Capsule pink 4-parted; The seed has an orange aril. The flowering period is May and June, and the fruit ripens 5438+ 10. Location: North China, Central China, East China, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Gansu, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei and Sichuan. Sexually fond of light, but also slightly resistant to yin; Cold tolerance, lax requirements for soil; Drought and humidity resistance, fertile and humid soil is the best. The root system is deep and developed, and it can resist wind. Roots and tillers germinate strongly and grow slowly. Silk cotton wood has beautiful branches and leaves, dense flowers and fruits, and red fruits hang on the branches for a long time, which is a good garden planting tree species. It is suggested to plant trees alone or in clusters along the roadside, lakeside and stream.

9. Chongyang Wood

Euphorbiaceae, Euonymus. Deciduous tree, tree height 15m. The bark is brown and the branchlets are hairless. 3. The leaflets are compound leaves, and the leaflets are oval to oblong. It is distributed in the Yangtze River valley in China and its south area. Sexually fond of light, but also slightly resistant to yin; Like warmth, poor cold resistance; The requirements for soil are not strict, as long as it is resistant to water and humidity. Developed root system and strong wind resistance. It grows faster and has dense branches and leaves. Chongyang wood has a beautiful tree shape, bright young leaves in early spring and red leaves in autumn frost, which is quite beautiful. It is also suitable for shade trees and street trees, and can also be used as river bank greening trees.

10.Fengxiang

Hamamelidaceae, Liquidambar. Deciduous trees, trees up to 30 meters high. Branchlets are pilose, leaves alternate, and have long stalks. Leaves broadly ovate, palmately 3-lobed. Produced in Qinling Mountains and south of Huaihe River. Like light, deep roots, a little drought-tolerant. Wind resistance and fire resistance. Mostly born in acidic soil or neutral soil, it grows rapidly and has strong germination. Strong adaptability and strong resistance to sulfur dioxide and chlorine. The trunk of Liquidambar formosana is wide, oval or slightly flat, with straight trunk and red leaves after frost, which is charming and intoxicating. Suitable for solitary planting, cluster planting and group planting, and can be used in mountains, waterfalls, streams and waterfront. Mixed with evergreen trees, the autumn color is red and green, and it feels very clear; For pure forest, frost invades red leaves, and the layered forest is completely dyed, which is more spectacular. It is a famous landscape tree species and can also be used as a street tree. Same species: North American Liquidambar formosana (L.styraciflua) with 5 ~ 7 leaves, cultivated in Jiangsu.

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Uracinidae, Cotinus. Small deciduous trees or shrubs. This tree is 8 meters high and its crown is round. Branchlets purple-brown, simple leaves alternate, obovate. The terminal panicle is small, heterozygous and yellow-green. Drupe is small, flat and red. Mainly produced in northern China, but also distributed in Anhui and Zhejiang provinces. It is often born in the mixed forest of sunny slope at an altitude of 500 ~ 1500m. Hi-light, resistant to dry and cold climate, resistant to barren and alkaline soil, but not resistant to water and humidity. Strong germination and fast growth. The result sequence is long. After flowering in early summer, it has slender stems and lavender feathers. When planted in pieces, it looks like smoke from afar, so it is also called "smoke tree" with unique landscape. Autumn leaves turn red and the forest is like a torch, which is very magnificent. Seeing the red leaves in the western hills of Beijing is this tree species. Variety: Cotinus coggygria (van.cinerea), with oval to obovate leaves and hairs on both sides, mostly caused by red leaves in Xiangshan, Beijing.

12. Acer negundo

Aceraceae, Aceraceae. Deciduous tree, tree height 15m. Bark is bluish brown with white snakeskin-like stripes, so it is also called "snakeskin". Branchlets are purple-brown, smooth and bamboo-shaped. Leaves are ovoid or ovoid, with different sizes, apex and tail tip, heart-shaped or round base, and leaf margin is usually undivided. The flowers are mixed, the racemes are compact, and the flowering period is May. The wings of samara spread horizontally and the fruit ripens in September. Produced in North China, East China, South China and Southwest China. The Yangtze river basin is generally distributed in valleys or miscellaneous forests above 1000 meters above sea level. More resistant to yin. I like warm, cool and humid climate, thick and humid acid soil or neutral soil. Acer negundo has a dense crown, beautiful bark stripes, purplish red autumn leaves and hanging fruits like moths. It is a beautiful landscape ornamental tree species and can also be planted as shade trees and street trees.

13. Red-leaf plum

Rosaceae, Prunus. Also known as purple leaf plum. It is a variety of cherry plum. Small deciduous tree, 8 meters high. Branchlets are smooth, simple leaves alternate, ovate, and the edges are doubly serrated. Young branches, leaves, flower stalks, calyx, pistil and fruit are all dark red with pink flowers, and the flowering period is April-May. The weather is fine, and the leaves are not bright in the shade. I like warm and humid environment and have certain moisture-proof ability. Strong cold tolerance. Shallow roots, lax requirements for soil, like fertile, moist neutral or acidic soil. Early spring sprouted early, sprouted strongly and grew vigorously. Red-leaf plum is famous for its bright red leaves, which are full of red leaves throughout the growing season. Especially in spring and autumn, it is more beautiful. In the application of greening, it should be planted in the corners of lawns, green islands with separate lanes, beside buildings, squares and so on. Can be planted in rows and clusters. If evergreen trees are used as the background, green branches and red leaves will have a better viewing effect.

14. nandianzhu

Nandinaceae, Nandinaceae. Evergreen shrub, with trees up to 2 meters high, clustered and few branches. 2 ~ 3 pinnate compound leaves, alternate, articulated on the axis, lobules elliptic-lanceolate. The flowers in the terminal panicle are small and white. Berries are spherical, bright red, with occasional yellow-white color changes. They are called ginkgo trees. The flowering period is May-July, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+ 10. Originally from China and Japan, it is distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hebei, Shandong and other places. I like semi-cloudy warm climate and fertile, moist and well-drained soil. The water requirement is not strict, and the cold resistance is strong. Growth is slow. Nandina domestica has a cluster of stems, sparse branches and leaves, red leaves in autumn and winter, and many red fruits, which will last for a long time. It is an excellent tree species for viewing leaves and fruits in winter, and is often planted in the corner of the courtyard, or as a landscape where the cave door leaks windows; If you plant it in hallways and intersections, you will find it interesting to decorate it with stones and rocks. Its old pile can be used as a bonsai, and its fruit branches are famous cut flowers.