Natural resources in Dongqiaokou Town

The total water area of the town is 8 square kilometers, with an average annual precipitation of 65.438+43 million cubic meters, groundwater of 32 million cubic meters, and the Yangtze River transit capacity of 76.225 billion cubic meters, which is 76.4 billion cubic meters, with an average of 756 million cubic meters per square kilometer. The slope of the town is steep and the valley is deep. Except in Niudong and Xiling areas, a small amount of river water can be used for farmland irrigation, and most of the river water is difficult to use. Groundwater is deeply buried and low exposed, so it is difficult to develop and utilize it. Farmland irrigation water in the town mainly depends on precipitation and reservoir weir and pond storage.

The town's hydropower reserves are 0.7 1 10,000 kilowatts, and the available amount is 0.5 1 10,000 kilowatts, with an average of 50.5 kilowatts per square kilometer. According to the population in 2005, the average ownership is 0.20 kW.

The national average annual flow of Dongpu River is 3. 1.7 m3/s, and the theoretical reserve is 0. 1.6 million kilowatts, which can be developed and utilized. From 1949 to 2005, the per capita land area of this town decreased obviously: 1949 was 10 mu/person, and in 2005 it was 6 mu/person.

Of the total land area of1515,000 mu in 2005, agricultural cultivated land accounted for 14.26%, economic garden accounted for 22.08%, forestry land accounted for 46.73%, water surface accounted for 7.92%, grassland and stone shell accounted for 3.56%, and urban and rural residents and industrial and mining land accounted for 2.99%.

There are three kinds of soils in the town: purple soil, lime (rock) soil and yellow soil.

Purple soil is weathered from purple sandstone and purple shale, showing a stable purple color, mainly distributed in the old county town and Daping area below 800m above sea level, accounting for 48% of the total area, suitable for the growth of cash crops such as grain and fruit.

Lime (rock) parent materials are limestone and marl, mainly distributed in the west of Daping and the east of Xiling, accounting for 22% of the total area, which is suitable for the growth of food crops and cash crops.

The parent materials of yellow soil are limestone and seasonal sandstone, which are mainly distributed in Gou Ping, Daping and Niudong, accounting for 30% of the total area, and are suitable for the growth of cash crops such as grain and oil.

The diversity of soil types in the town provides favorable conditions for the construction of ecological special zones. The town's cultivation garden accounts for 36.34% of the total area, and a good ecological pattern of citrus in low mountains and mulberry in high mountains has been built. Non-cultivated gardens in the town account for 63.66% of the total area. Although slopes above 25 degrees account for 70% of non-cultivated gardens, due to the suitable climate and abundant sunshine, forest vegetation grows vigorously and soil erosion is relatively reduced. With the rising water level in the Three Gorges reservoir area, most of the valley areas along the Yangtze River are landslides, which seriously affect the growth of crops and cash crops.

The thickness of topsoil in the whole town is generally between 60- 100cm, and the depth of topsoil is 16-20cm, accounting for 80.10% of cultivated land. The texture is mainly middle earth, and there are fewer people who have stuck sand; The proportion of neutral and alkaline is large, and the area with PH value of 6.6-8.5 accounts for 81.43% of cultivated land; The average capacity is 1.374 g/cm3, and the displacement is mostly 5- 10 mg equivalent/100 g soil. Most soils have poor permeability and poor water and fertilizer conservation performance. The content of soil organic matter in the whole town is moderate, and the content in cultivated soil is generally 1%-3%, and the content in non-cultivated soil is more than 2%, accounting for 53.53%. The total nitrogen content of cultivated soil is between 0. 1-0.2, accounting for 57.64%. The content of total phosphorus and available phosphorus in soil is generally low, and the content of potassium is medium. The town is rich in mineral resources, and the main minerals are coal mine, limestone, shale mine, iron mine and copper mine.

The area east of Dongling River is rich in coal reserves, with a total reserve of 45 million tons, mainly distributed in Jiziyan and Baota River, accounting for about 50% of the county's reserves, and 25 million tons can be developed. China's coal seam belongs to Xiangxi coal series of Jurassic Lower Triassic, which is anthracite with an average calorific value of 4500 kcal/kg, and is suitable for civil use and power generation.

Coal mining has a long history. In 2005, the amount of raw coal mined in this town reached 75,000 tons. The main coal mining enterprises in this town are: Jiziyan Coal Mine, Baotahe Coal Mine and Fengjiawan Coal Mine.

Limestone mine in Limestone Town is widely distributed, with large reserves and high quality, with a reserve of about 450 million tons. Limestone mine has a long history of development. From the 1970s to the end of the 20th century, the large-scale lime plants in the town included Bayi Brigade lime plant, Dianzihe lime plant, Dongzigou lime plant, Xiaogou lime plant and Jiajiaping lime plant. In the 1990s, at the peak of immigration, there were 28 enterprises in the town that produced cement prefabricated parts from limestone mines, and the larger one was the town-run building materials factory. In 2005, 25 enterprises in this town developed and utilized limestone mines, the largest of which was Dongzigou Stone Factory, with 40 employees. Wu Kaishu, a legal person, mines 25,000 cubic meters a year, with a profit of 6,543,800 yuan. There are about 8 employees in other enterprises, with an annual mining capacity of 5000 cubic meters, and there are 12 companies that manufacture prefabricated parts.

Shale minerals are mainly distributed in purple soil (red sand slope) in the west of Dongpuhe and Chen Jialing Village, and red sandstone shale minerals in purple soil are used to produce building materials bricks. 1985 Wang Jiaojiawan Village Group 3 opened the first brick factory. By 2005, there were Dongshan Building Materials Co., Ltd. and Sujiapo shale brick factory in the town.

Iron ore is mainly distributed in Baotahe area, where iron works and small pottery furnaces are used to produce steel at 1958.

Copper deposits are mainly distributed in Yangpocun Group 3. 1958 when the iron and steel industry was established, Liqun commune set up a copper mine here and produced it with a small earthen stove. 1 factory

The town is located in the eastern edge of the key area of flora distribution in China, connecting the east with the west and connecting the north and the south. There are many kinds of plants and rich variety resources, which are part of the famous plant "gene bank" Shennongjia. The vegetation coverage rate is 83.07%.

(1) Edible plants

① Cultivated plants: mainly corn (corn), wheat, barley, rice and wheat, sorghum, millet (millet), rice, soybean (soybean), broad bean (kidney bean), pea, mung bean, adzuki bean (adzuki bean), Mi Dou (tendril bean), sweet potato (sweet potato, sweet potato) and potato. Oil crops, such as rape, peanuts, sesame and sunflower; Kidney bean (green bean), lentil (eyebrow bean), kidney bean, cowpea (kidney bean), cowpea, sweet potato (sweet potato), mustard (green vegetable), Chinese cabbage (cabbage), kohlrabi (kohlrabi), purple cabbage (purple cabbage) and Schima superba (garden lotus), eggplant, and so on. Fruits such as orange, tangerine, pomelo, peach, plum, apricot, plum, cherry, loquat, jujube, pear, apple, banana, bonus (forest trap), grape, kiwi, pomegranate, pestle, walnut, ginkgo, chestnut and sweet pepper; There are mulberries, tea, cigarettes and so on.

② Wild starch sugar plants: mainly Castanea henryi, pestle, papaya thorn, wild cherry, wild peach, Rosa roxburghii, Smilax glabra, etc.

(2) Fiber plants

Planting cotton, ramie, palm, etc. (scale development in the mid-20th century). The wild species mainly include: mulberry, Broussonetia papyrifera, Zheshu, Scorpion, Ramie, Caulis Sargentodoxae, Ivy, Radix Puerariae, Celastrus orbiculatus, Rattan Tea, Vitex negundo, Bambusa bambusa, Phyllostachys pubescens, awn and Leymus chinensis.

(3) Aromatic oil plants

Mainly include: fennel, sweet-scented osmanthus (osmanthus tree), fragrant leaves, camphor, mountain chicken pepper, mountain pepper, Sichuan cinnamon, Shennongju, wild pepper, Elsholtzia, fennel and so on.

(4) Resin and oil plants

Mainly include: Pinus massoniana, Pinus massoniana, Liquidambar formosana, Toona sinensis, Tung oil tree, Chinese tallow, castor, camellia oleifera, olive and so on.

(5) Feed plants

There are more than 400 kinds of feed plants in the town, most of which are herbs. Wood itself mostly uses its fruits, seeds or leaves as feed for livestock and poultry or fish.

(6) Medicinal plants

The cultivated medicinal plants mainly include Dioscorea zingiberensis and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , Ginkgo biloba, Gastrodia elata, rhubarb, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum Chuanxiong, Coptidis Rhizoma, Magnolia Officinalis, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Astragali, Gardenia, Chrysanthemum, Papaya, Pogostemon Pogostemonis and Schizonepeta tenuifolia.

Mainly adopts wild medicinal plants: Pennisetum, Herba Lycopodii, Polygonum cuspidatum, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Dysosma Dysosma (a bowl of water), Herba Epimedii, porcupine Spine (three needles), Schisandra chinensis, Linderae, Bupleurum, Prunella vulgaris, Notoginseng Radix (white Notoginseng Radix), Notoginseng Radix (button Notoginseng Radix), Acanthopanacis Senticosi, and Acanthopanax Japonicus (chlorophyllum).

(7) Flowers and plants

The main flower plants in the town are: Wei Zi, Rhododendron, Red Building Block, Michelia, Cycas, Sakura, Plum Blossom, Buxus macrophylla, Buxus microphylla, Sophora japonica, Flos Caryophylli, Pittosporum, Chrysanthemum, Bauhinia, Cinnamomum camphora, Pomegranate, Camellia, Peony, Rose, Bluegrass, Gardenia, Osmanthus fragrans, Cactus and Fairy.

(8) Forest plants

The main tree species in the town are: pine, cypress, fir, firecracker, Toona sinensis, rosewood, maple, Camptotheca acuminata, birch, poplar and lantern tree.

2 animals

(1) Domesticating animals

Livestock and poultry are cattle, buffaloes, pigs, horses, mules, donkeys, goats, antelopes, rabbits, dogs, cats, chickens, domestic ducks, domestic geese, domestic pigeons and fish (caged). Mainly cattle, pigs, sheep and chickens.

Economic insects include silkworms and bees.

② Wild animals

The wild animals in the town mainly include medicinal and economic invertebrates such as earthworm, mantis, leech, scorpion and banyan. Mammals such as foxes, raccoons (badgers), badgers (pigs), wild boars, squirrels and rabbits; Wild ducks, egrets, golden roosters, turtledoves, swallows, crows, magpies, tits, thrushes, starlings, sparrows and other birds and animals; Reptiles such as snakes and geckos; Fish; Frog, wait. 1 natural landscape

Xiaoxian Cave is located in the southwest of Chen Jialing Village at an altitude of 280 meters, 350 meters away from Donghao River and 3000 meters long. The "living room" at the entrance of the cave is divided into three small holes, with the main hole facing east, and there are beautiful scenery such as candle department, pineapple table, paddy field dam, Tiansheng Bridge, ox liver and horse lung, Tang Priest, white horse chasing silver turtle, general playing beauty, and the Forbidden City recruiting horses.

Dadongzi is located in the east of Pingcun Village, the old county. The entrance is spacious, with an average height of 20 meters, about 2000 square meters. It is a special place for collective activities in the planned economy era. There is a small cave along the depth of the hole. Xu Xiuxian, a senior, once explored, walked for a long time, lit seven and a half candles, and wrote the seven characters "Xu Xiuxian is immortal" in blood at the door, which is still clearly visible. Xu Xiuxian's exploration left many beautiful legends, and now it can be proved that the small cave can really go deep.

Xiangshui River is located in Group 8 of Shanggouping, with an altitude of1000m. There is a white tiger cloud in front, and the clouds are lingering; There is a large reservoir in the middle, rippling blue waves; Then there are green mountains and green waters, and the seasons are evergreen.

The garden trees in the town area include Dayang Ancient Pear, Liang Shi Purple Yellow Forest Tree, Niudong, Slate Cinnamomum camphora, Zhangjiaping Couple Pine, Brewmaster Ping Lantern Tree, Dayang and Chen Jialing Ancient Cypress Tree. , all have a history of about 1000 years, and they are flourishing and cover a large area.

After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the former leisure harbor where Dong Hao and the Yangtze River are integrated, reaches Dianzi River in the north, the Yangtze River in the south, and the banks of the Three Gorges Livestock Reservoir in the east and west, with a total area of 65,438 0.5 square kilometers. It can be described as follows: Shi Liping Lake is rippling with blue waves, the bridge is connected with Hengshan Valley, Xingang Che Zhou weaves the road network, the blue sky crane rides the ladder, the gorge wind lifts the fish lang hat, and the rivers laugh and pull the mountain girl's clothes. I want to ask what is wonderful about the harbor, and I am fascinated by the fairy in the leisure holy land.

2 human landscape

High-quality orchards in Hubei Province and Chutian No.1 Garden in Leijiaping High-efficiency Ecological Agriculture Demonstration Park are a circular ecological agriculture model integrating "fruit-grain-pig-marsh-vegetable" and a leisure resort integrating sweetness, fragrance, green, beauty and coolness, with a total area of 1.3 million mu. In spring, orange blossoms are in full bloom and fragrant; Autumn, golden orange orchard, fruitful and sweet Shu Yue.

Lotus pond is located in the central square of Leijiaping market town, with a total area of 173 mu, belonging to the new city green belt and distributed on both sides of the market town street. Cherry blossoms, cedar, Sophora japonica, osmanthus, bauhinia, Cinnamomum camphora and other exotic flowers make the market town look colorful. Street lamps, green leaves and fragrant smiles welcome guests from all over the world and are ideal places for young people to exchange ideas and talk to each other.