Bonsai suitable for planting in Lingnan?

Lingnan bonsai is one of the five schools of bonsai art in China (Su School, Yang School, Chuan School, Hui School and Lingnan School).

The creation of Lingnan bonsai is mainly based on local materials, and subtropical and tropical evergreen broad-leaved trees are selected. Generally speaking, there are more than 30 kinds of stumps called "Shuzaitou" in Guangzhou, such as Murraya murraya (Vaccinium), Ficus microcarpa, Fujian tea in Lingnan bonsai, cypress, elm, gypsophila paniculata, boxwood, rhododendron and pineapple.

The composition forms of Lingnan bonsai are single-stem big tree type, or double-stem type, cliff type, Shui Ying type, multi-stem type at one end, attached stone type and combined type. In addition to the stump bonsai, there are also stone mountain bonsai. The materials of Shishan bonsai are Shi Ying, calcite, coral stone, sand stone and so on. Among them, Shi Ying is a special product of Guangdong Yingde, which is wrinkled, thin and transparent, so it is often selected as the production of Shishan bonsai. In recent years, Guangzhou bonsai artists have developed magnificent tree shapes, tall and straight shapes, jade-like beads and wild natural shapes.

Here are some bonsai trees commonly used in Lingnan area.

1, common tree species

Murraya murraya

Rutaceae evergreen shrub, native to India, is widely cultivated in southern China. Its leaves are small and bright, and its bark is gray. The flowers are white, abandoned in the spring and autumn, fruity red, and mature in February-April. Murraya murraya is one of the most traditional tree species and the best bonsai tree species in Lingnan. At present, its trunk blank is mainly cultivated by manual cutting.

Myrica rubra

Elm is an evergreen tree, native to the south-central provinces of China. Small leaves, beautiful appearance, strong germination ability, fast growth, flexible branches and arbitrary stump change are ideal tree species for creating Lingnan bonsai. There are varieties such as big leaves, middle leaves and small leaves. Tree blanks are mainly cultivated in Miao Di, and their roots are cut.

Fujian Tea Leaflet carmone

Evergreen shrub of Lithocarpaceae, native to Guangdong, Hainan and Taiwan Province provinces. The leaves are oval, Mitsubishi or Wuling tail, small, thick and shiny, with thick bark, grayish white and many lenticels. There are three varieties: big leaf, middle leaf and small leaf. Mid-leaf and lobular varieties are good bonsai trees in Lingnan. Fujian tea has strong germination, fast growth, good healing performance and pruning resistance. Middle-leaf varieties are mainly cultivated in Miao Di by pruning and sowing, while small-leaf varieties are mostly propagated by sowing.

Mediterranean Bromus

Also known as Rumex, an evergreen shrub of Rhamnaceae, it is native to various provinces in China. The leaves are small, opposite, slightly shiny, and the leaf margin has small serrations. Flowers bloom in winter, the flowers are light yellow, and the fruit is small and round, black and sour. Bromus species. It can be divided into big leaf, middle leaf and small leaf varieties. Commonly used middle-leaf varieties, lobular varieties are better than Lingnan bonsai trees. Bromus has strong branches, strong germination ability and pruning resistance. Tree blanks are mainly excavated in Shan Ye.

Cape jasmine

Gardenia, also known as gardenia jasminoides Ellis, is called water cross by experts. Rubiaceae evergreen shrub, native to central and southern China. The leaves are big, opposite, rectangular and bright. The flowers are white, blooming in August ~ 10, and full of fragrance. The fruit is round and angular and golden yellow. Gardenia is a traditional tree species in Lingnan bonsai. There are big leaves, middle leaves, lobules and willow leaves, and lobules and willow leaves are the best varieties. In Shan Ye, blank trees can be cultivated by digging or cutting seedlings.

rambutan

Also known as willow in the snow, an evergreen shrub of Rubiaceae, is an evergreen dwarf shrub native to southeast China. Its roots are particularly developed, its trunk is twisted and rugged, and its branches are dense. Leaves opposite, small and green, oval. The flowers are small white. They bloom in June and are covered with branches. Mantianxing is a good material for small Lingnan bonsai, and it is also one of the important bonsai trees exported in recent years. Blank is cultivated by cutting seedlings.

Ficus microcarpa

Also known as sad banyan and mulberry evergreen, it is native to villages and forests in Huaying and other places. The leaves are a little bigger and brighter. Because of its rough head and prominent root system, it looks like a natural ancient tree and has Lingnan characteristics, and has become a fashionable tree species in Lingnan bonsai. Its blank is mainly cultivated by cutting Miao Di. Strong germination ability, pruning resistance and rapid growth, the annual growth of trunk diameter can reach 3 cm.

Eugénie, a red fruit.

Also known as "national war", "red" and "lost cherry", Myrtaceae evergreen shrub. Its leaves are thin and bright, oval, with red tender leaves, gray and smooth bark, obvious joints and red fruit. Mature in March, April and August, shaped like a lantern, with excellent ornamental effect. It is a popular tree species in recent years. Red fruit seedlings are cultivated by cutting, circling branches or sowing, and tree grey cloth is cultivated by ground planting.

Lagerstroemia indica

Deciduous shrub of Lysimachiaceae native to Asia, distributed in East China and South China. There are red, purple, white and blue in crape myrtle white. Lagerstroemia indica is one of the best varieties, with slightly larger and brighter leaves, gray or brown bark, uneven trunk and bright joints. The flowering period is long, with continuous flowering from June to September. It is a fashionable flower viewing tree species. In Miao Di, green trees are cultivated mainly by cutting and planting.

firethorn

Rosaceae evergreen shrub, native to Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan and Shan Ye in northern China. Branches are slender and thorns are short. The leaves are narrow, dark green and bright. The flowers are white, mature from March to May, and orange-red when ripe, enduring and dazzling. It is a fashionable fruit tree variety. Tree blanks can be cultivated in Miao Di by sowing seedlings and cutting.

Podocarpus brevifolia

An evergreen tree of Podocarpaceae, native to the south of the Yangtze River in China. Bark is grayish brown, with shallow cracks, dense branches, spirally inserted leaves, strip-shaped lanceolate leaves, slightly curled to the back of leaves, leathery, dark green and shiny leaves. There are three varieties of Podocarpus: big leaf, middle leaf and small leaf (sparrow tongue), and Podocarpus is the best. Podocarpus has soft branches and strong germination, but its growth rate is slow. Because there are no branches and leaves in the cutting process, the cut branches are easy to die, so it is difficult to shape branches by cutting and storing branches. Tree blanks can be cultivated by sowing seedlings or cutting seedlings.

hackberry

Experts call it acacia. Deciduous tree species of Ulmaceae, from the south of the Yellow River valley to Guangdong. Large leaves, flexible branches, strong germination, strong healing ability, and convenient transformation or modeling. It is a good material for creating medium and large Lingnan bonsai. Most of its tree blanks are excavated from the wild.

Rhododendron bougainvillea

Also known as bougainvillea, bougainvillea, vines or shrubs of Jasmine, native to Brazil. Branches have thorns and often droop. The leaves are medium-sized and oval, and the flowers are usually mixed in 3 leaflike bracts. Bracts are red, yellow, white and purple, which are very beautiful. The main flowering period is in winter and spring. With fast growth, strong germination, convenient modeling and bright colors, Baojihua is a good tree species for ornamental bonsai. Tree blanks are mainly cut from branches and trunks and cultivated.

Tahiti

Also known as Dongfeng orange and wine cake leaves. Rutaceae evergreen shrub, native to Shan Ye, in valleys or roadsides of Guangdong and Fujian in the south of China. The bark is smooth, yellowish brown or dark brown, the stem is prickly, the leaves are oval, the skin is thick, and it is green and bright. These flowers are white and bloom from April to May. The fruit is purple. There are two varieties of oranges: big leaf and thin leaf, and thin leaf is a good material for Lingnan bonsai. The growth rate is extremely slow, and the molded bonsai is not easy to go out of shape. Most of the tree blanks were excavated from Shan Ye. The fallen tree blank is difficult to take root. Once it survives, it is easy to maintain and not easy to die.

masson pine

Experts call it Huashan pine, an evergreen tree of Pinaceae, native to Huaying Mountain. The trunk is uneven, vigorous and powerful, and the leaves are needle-shaped, with two needles in a bunch and green leaves. It germinates in March every year, then blooms at the top of the new bud, and the cones mature in autumn. Pine is the theme material of Lingnan bonsai. Tree blanks are mainly excavated in Shan Ye. When excavating, it is necessary to grasp the season and bring mud balls, otherwise the transplantation is not easy to survive.

2, the trend of tree species

Among the varieties of Lingnan bonsai introduced above, Murraya murraya, Ulmus pumila, Fujian Tea, Bromus, Gardenia and Mantianxing are traditional varieties of Lingnan bonsai, which are generally used more.

However, among the commonly used tree species in Lingnan bonsai, some tree species are particularly popular in recent years, which can be called fashionable tree species, such as Murraya murraya, Ficus microcarpa, Lagerstroemia indica, Pyracantha fortuneana and Podocarpus. These tree species have their advantages in shaping Lingnan bonsai, such as being relatively rough, growing faster and forming faster; Or vigorous, difficult to shape; Or look at flowers and fruits. These characteristics, together with the change of people's preferences and some artificial market hype, made it the object sought after by Lingnan bonsai circles or enthusiasts in 2008.