Six emperors of the Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty (A.D. 6 18 -907) began with Emperor gaozu Li Yuan and ended with the 20th emperor.

1. Gaozu Li Yuan (566-635)2. Emperor Taizong Li Shimin (598-649)3. Emperor Li Zhi (628-683)4. Zhongzong Li Xian (656-7 10)5. Zong Rui Li Dan (662-7655). 726-779)9. Dezong Shili (742-805) 10. Shunzong Li Yong (761-806)11. Xianzong Spring Calendar (778-820) 12. 8+05. Five cases of Li Yan (8 14-846) 16. Xuanzong Li Chen (8 10-859) 17. Zong Yi Wenli (833-873) 18.

The deeds of the emperor:

1: Tang Gaozu Li Yuan (born in Chang 'an in 566 and died in Chang 'an in 635) was the founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Yuan's father, Li Fang, is Tang Guogong. When Li Yuan was seven years old, his father died and he was hereditary Tang Guogong. Tang gaozu is Yang Di's cousin, and his mother and Yang Di's mother are the sisters of Xianbei aristocrat Dugu, who was once valued by Yang Di.

In 6 15, Li Yuan was transferred to Taiyuan, which was also his base camp. In Taiyuan, Li Yuan successfully solved the threat of the northern Turks, and at the same time successfully defeated many anti-Sui Jun groups, and constantly strengthened his own strength by receiving defeated troops. In July of 6 17, Li Yuan officially began to fight against Sui. Nominally, he did not directly oppose Sui, but only opposed Yang Di. He set out from Taiyuan to attack Chang 'an, and soon occupied Chang 'an (617165438+10). He replaced Wang Yanggang as emperor, calling himself prime minister and king of the Tang Dynasty. After Yang Di was killed by rebels in 6 18, Li Yuan ordered You Yang to pass on the throne to him and establish the Tang Dynasty.

After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty and the demise of the Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan began to eliminate other anti-Sui forces. With the help of his son, he wiped out the separatist forces such as Xue Ju, Xue, Gui Li, Liu Wuzhou, Wang, Dou Jiande, Xiao Xian and Liang in ten years. The last Liang Shi was pacified in 628, when he had ceded the throne to Li Shimin. At the same time, he used the division of East Turkistan and West Turkistan to stabilize the northern border, which was the main condition for him to seize the Central Plains.

In terms of bureaucracy, Li Yuan basically followed the system of Sui Dynasty. In agriculture, he promulgated the land equalization system and distributed the land to farmers equally. He also adjusted the silk tax to reduce the burden on farmers. Legally, he abandoned many autocratic policies of Yang Di and revised the laws of the Tang Dynasty. Li Yuan's management and policy towards China laid a very important foundation for Li Shimin's "Zhenguan rule".

Because Li Yuan questioned his successor many times, this led to the conflict between his sons Li, Li Yuanji and Li. After the Xuanwumen Rebellion, Li Yuan was placed under house arrest and forced to cede the throne to Li Shimin, who gave up his own throne.

After Tang Gaozu's death, posthumous title Wu Tai was buried in a fairy.

children

son

Hidden prince Li

Emperor Taizong Li Shimin

Wang Wei Li Xuanba

Li Yuanji, Chao Wang

Li zhiyun, king of Chu

Ber Ber

Hanwang Li Yuanchang

Ber Ber

Zhou Wang Li Yuanfang

Xu Wang Li Yuanli

Wang Han Li Yuanjia

Wang Peng Yuanze Li

Zheng Wangli Yuan Yi

Fire king Li Yuangui

a surname

Ber Ber

Deng Wang Li Yuanyu

Shu Wang Li Yuanming

Lu Wang Li Lingkui

Wang Jiang Li Yuanxiang

Wang Mi Li Yuanxiao

Wang Teng Li Yuanying

woman

Princess Changsha

Princess Xiangyang

Princess Pingyangzhao

Gaomi princess

Princess Changqing

Princess Changsha (Princess Wanchun)

Princess fangling

Princess Jiujiang

Princess luling

Princess Nanchang

Anping princess

Princess Huainan

Princess Zhending

Princess Hengyang

Princess Danyang

Princess Linhai

Princess Guantao

Princess Anding

Princess Changle

2. Emperor Taizong, whose name was Li Shimin, was the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty. His name means "save the world and help people". After Taizong's death, it was named as the temple. He was also a strategist, politician and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He initiated the famous "Rule of Zhenguan" in history and pushed the feudal society in China to its peak.

Born in the 18th year (AD 599), Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty was the second son of Li Yuan and Queen Dou. In 6 14 ad, he married his eldest grandson, the queen. In 6 17 AD, Li Shimin, his father and Liu Wenjing revolted against Sui, invaded Chang 'an and destroyed Sui. Li Shimin was made King of Qin.

After that, he often went to war and gradually eliminated the separatist forces in various places: breaking Li's track, killing Xue (the son of Xue Ju), and defeating Liu Wuzhou. In the Battle of Tiger Prison, Wang He and Dou Jiande, two separatist forces in the Central Plains, were wiped out in one fell swoop. Since then, Li Shimin's prestige has been growing, especially when he entered Chang 'an after the Battle of Tiger Prison, and he was treated like a military and civilian emperor. He was named "General Ce Tian" by Li Yuan.

Since then, the suspicion between Li Shimin and his brother, Prince Li, and his fourth brother, King Li Yuanji of Qi, has deepened. Ministers clashed with each other and were divided into two factions. Prime Minister Pei Ji, counselor Wang Jue, and assistant minister of the East Palace followed Li and Li Yuanji; Counselors Du Ruhui and Fang; General Qin, Duan, Wang Junkuo followed Li Shimin. Minister Sun Chang Wuji and others secretly supported Li Shimin. General Li Jing, Xu Shiqi, Minister Yu and others remain neutral. In 626 AD, a coup was staged in Xuanwumen, Chang 'an Miyagi, killing Li, Li Yuanji and their nephews, forcing Gaozu to abdicate, and he became emperor himself. The following year, he changed his title to Zhenguan. During the reign of Li Shimin, the national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, which was called the rule of Zhenguan. In his later years, he wrote a book "Emperor Fan" to teach the prince, summed up his life's political experience and commented on his own merits and demerits.

During his reign, he carried out the system of officers and men, the system of renting agents and the system of land equalization, and actively promoted the imperial examination system.

In 630, he defeated East Turkistan and was honored as "Tiankhan". In 64 1 year, Princess Wencheng was married to Songzan Gambu of Tubo.

In 649 AD, Emperor Taizong suffered from dysentery, but the treatment eventually failed. He ordered Prince Li Zhi to represent state affairs in Jinyemen. Li Shimin died in Hanfeng Temple in Chang 'an in July 649. Buried in Zhaoling Mountain, more than 50 miles northeast of Liquan County, Shaanxi Province, China. Posthumous title is "Emperor Wen".

Emperor Taizong was good at listening to ministers' criticisms and opinions, and Kevin·Z directly protested his mistakes more than 200 times.

Emperor Taizong was also good at calligraphy, writing tablets line by line, and was the originator of later generations. Famous works include Ming in Hot Springs and Ming in Jinci.

children

son

Changshanwang-

Li Kuan, King of Chu

-Lin Wang Li ke

Lee Tae, Wang Pu

Shu Ren Liyou

Shu Wang Li cheng

Wang Jiang Li Yun

Li Zhen, King of Yue

Emperor Taizong Gaozong Li Zhi

Ji Wang Li Shen

Wang lijiao

Dai Wang Li Jian

Zhao Wang Lifu

Cao wangliming

woman

Princess Xiangcheng

Princess ru' nan

Princess Nanping

Sui An Gongzhu

Princess Changle

Princess Zhang Yu

Princess Bijing

Princess puan

Princess dongyang

Princess Linchuan

Li Jing, qinghe princess

Princess Li Shu of Lanling

Princess Jin' an

Princess Ankang

Xinxing princess

Princess Chengyang

Princess Hepu

Putrigu Nong Ledang

Li Mingda, jinyang princess

Princess Changshan

Princess Xincheng

3. Tang Gaozong, whose real name was Li Zhi (628 ~ 683), was the ninth son of Li Shimin Taizong. His mother is the eldest grandson queen. The writing is good. In the fifth year of Zhenguan (63 1), he was named King of Jin. Later, because the eldest brother, Prince Li Chenggan, and the fourth brother, Mrs. Wang, were successively abolished, Zhenguan was made a prince in the seventeenth year. In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (650), he ascended the throne at the age of 22.

He was mediocre at first, but because many wise ministers were in power, he maintained the situation of "chastity rule" During his reign, Tang had the largest territory.

At first, when he was a prince, he had an affair with Wu Zetian, a gifted scholar of Emperor Taizong. After the death of Emperor Taizong, Wu Zetian became a monk, and Emperor Gaozong took her back to the palace to make a Zhao Yi, and finally became a queen. But Wuhou was not allowed by the eldest grandson of the emperor's mother-in-law, so Wuhou tried to get rid of her enemy. The emperor once had a plan to abolish it. I didn't expect this plan to be learned by Wuhou, so the matter was forgotten, and Shangguan Yi, who helped the emperor draft the imperial edict, also born to die. After this incident, Emperor Gaozong could no longer suppress Wuhou. Later, due to eye diseases, the main regime was completely controlled by Wuhou.

He reigned for thirty-four years and died in 683. After his death, he was buried in 1500- 1600, and posthumous title was emperor.

children

son

Rebecca Jong Li

It turned out to be a funeral for the king

Ber Ber

Ber Ber

Honor the emperor (acting king) (there was a temple name at that time-Tang Yizong) Li Hong.

Prince Li Xian (King Lu)

Zhonglizong county

Li Dan, Zong Rui

woman

Princess Yiyang

Princess Gaoan

Princess Taiping

4. Tang Zhongzong Li Xian (656 ~ 7 10) was the fourth and sixth emperor of the Tang Dynasty (if Wu Zetian was not counted as the emperor of the Tang Dynasty), and his reign lasted from 65438+ February to 683+May.

Li Xian is the son of Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian, also known as Li Zhe. At first he was made king of Zhou, and later he was changed to king of England. After his two brothers, Li Hongzhang and Li Xian, were deposed as princes, Li Xian became a prince, and he inherited his throne after the death of Emperor Gaozong.

After Li Xian ascended the throne, he planned to build his own strength to compete with Wu Zetian. His main supporters are relatives of his queen Wei. His father, Wei Wei, who was going to be promoted, was opposed by Pei Yan, a close confidant of Wu Zetian. Li Xian slave said that if he wanted, he could give the whole world to Wei Yuan-zhen. Wu Zetian used this as an excuse to depose him.

Li Xian was demoted to King Luling and placed under house arrest in Zhou Jun and Zhou Fang.

In 699, Wu Zetian re-established Li Xian as the Prince. In 705, under the threat of ministers and generals, Wu Zetian passed the throne to Li Xian. Li Xian restored the title of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Xian trusts Queen Wei very much because she has problems with him. Participate in politics with her, let her father become king, and her daughter Princess Anle will also participate in politics and gain power. Princess Anle hoped that Li Xian would make her the wife of the emperor and succeed him to the throne. At this time, Wei Hou paid less and less attention to him, hoping to become an emperor like Wu Zetian.

In July10, Wei Hou was accused of promiscuity. Wei Hou was afraid that Li Xian would be investigated this time, so he decided to poison him with Princess Anle.

After Li Xian's death, Wei Hou was quickly killed by Li Longji.

Li Xian was buried in Dingling.

5. Tang Ruizong Li Dan (662-7 16), the fifth emperor of the Tang Dynasty (if Wu Zetian was not the emperor of the Tang Dynasty), was in office for 684 -690 and 7 10 -7 12 years respectively. Tang Gaozong ranks eighth among philosophers, Wu Zetian is his mother and Tang Zhongzong is his brother.

In 684, Wu Zetian abolished Zhongzong's throne, made him emperor, and changed Yuan civilization. However, because Wu Zetian manipulated state affairs, Zong Rui had no real power. In 690, Wu Zetian ascended the throne herself, so she abolished Zongrui. In 705, Wu Zetian died and Tang Zhongzong was restored. In 7 10, Zhongzong was poisoned. So Zong Rui acceded to the throne again. Together with his son Li Longji (later Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), he eradicated the forces that killed Tang Zhongzong. In 7 12, he gave way to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, claiming to be the emperor's father. He died in July16 at the age of 55. He had no special talent for governing the country and was influenced by his son Li Longji in his later years.

children

son

Let Emperor Li Xian

Zhuang Hui Prince Lee?

Xuanzong Li Longji

Huiwen Wang Fanli

Hui Xuan tai Gigi Lai ye

King Li Longlong of Sui Dynasty

woman

Princess Shou Chang

Princess Anhuai

Jingshan princess

Princess Huaiyang

Daiguo princess Li

Guo Liang Princess Lihuazhuang

Princess Guo Xue

Yan princess

Princess Jin Xian

Princess Li Yuzhen Chiying

Princess Huo Guo

6. Li Longji (685 ~ 762), Emperor of the Tang Dynasty (7 12 ~ 756 reigned); Li Longji, the third son of Li Dan in Zong Rui, was named Xuanzong, so he was named Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. posthumous title was also called Tang Huangming, and was later named SHEN WOO, Emperor of Yuan Wensheng. The reign of Xuanzong was a crucial period for the Tang Dynasty to turn from prosperity to decline.

7. The third son of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (7 1 1 -762), the seventh emperor of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (except Wu Zetian, who reigned in 757-762), and the general Ge, who was guarding Tongguan in the fifteenth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (756), was forced by Yang to send troops to crusade and was defeated. Mawei people prevented Xuanzong from staying, but Xuanzong refused. After Prince Hengli left, he immediately went to Lingwu (now southwest of lingwu city, Ningxia), and Shuofang was the location of our time. In July of the same year, Hengli set up Lingwu, where Xuanzong was honored as the emperor's father, and the temple name was Su Zong. He reigned for 6 years and died in 762 at the age of 52. After his death, posthumous title civilized Wudeshengda Emperor Xiao Xuan.

children

son

Betty Wong Li Xi

Li Jie, Emperor Chengtian (King of Qi)

Li Tuo, Wang Wei

Only Li

Li Wei, Rebecca

Wang Jing Li Guan

Wang Yun Li Rong

Wang Xiang Li Jun

Wang Qi Li Shu

Wang Zhao Li Jie

Gongyi Prince (Wang Xing) Li Xuan

Wang Ding Dong Li

Wang Song Li Nuo