How are the grades and titles of princesses in Qing Dynasty divided?

Every princess in the Qing Dynasty has her own title and rank. And the average princess will be much more than the prince, an

How are the grades and titles of princesses in Qing Dynasty divided?

Every princess in the Qing Dynasty has her own title and rank. And the average princess will be much more than the prince, and the proportion of daughters will be higher. The division of grades is also for better management.

First of all, we must clarify a misunderstanding. Most people are influenced by film and television dramas. They think that in the Qing Dynasty, the daughters of the royal family were all called Gege, not the former princesses. The most representative is Princess Zhu Huan, which is popular all over the country. In the book, Swallow is called Princess Zhu Huan and Wei Zi is called Princess Pearl, but in fact, this title is wrong.

Although in the late Jin Dynasty, the daughters of Khan and Baylor were indeed called "Gege", because "Gege" is a transliteration of Manchu, which means "Miss" and "Sister" in Chinese. For example, the eldest daughter of Qing Taizu Nurhachi is called "Dongguo Gege" and the second daughter is called "Nenzhegege".

However, in the period of Huang taiji, the Ming system began to be used, and the emperor's daughter was renamed princess, while the title of "Gege" moved down and became the proper name for the daughter of princes and nobles.

After the Qing dynasty entered the customs, this kind of restructuring continued. There are generally only two grades of princesses, that is, the daughters born to queens (it should be noted that many concubines in the Qing Dynasty were chased as queens, but whether they can be named as "Princess Gulen" depends on whether their biological mothers were queens before their death), which is equivalent to princes; The daughters born to other concubines and the imperial daughters raised by the queen are called "Princess Heshuo", which is equivalent to the son of the prince. Therefore, Princess Julun was the highest-ranking princess in Qing Dynasty.

However, the identities of "Princess Gulen" and "Princess Heshuo" are not immutable. Sometimes, people who were originally "Princess Heshuo" will be crowned as "Princess Gulen".

In the Qianlong dynasty, this change happened twice. Emperor Qianlong had three princesses named Princess Gulen, and only one of them had a queen when her biological mother was alive. According to the regulations, Seven Girls and Princess Jing, Ten Girls and Princess Xiao can only be named "Princess Heshuo", but they were all named "Princess Julun" by Emperor Qianlong, enjoying the treatment of "Princess Julun". The reasons for the exceptions of these two princesses are different, both of which are worth mentioning.

Princess Jing was the seventh daughter of Emperor Qianlong, born on July 15th in the 21st year of Qianlong (1756). Her mother is the filial piety queen. The title of "Queen" was not sealed before Qianlong's death, but after his death. Therefore, according to the rules, Princess Jing can only be named "Princess Heshuo". The reason why she can be a "Princess Julun" is different from her forehead.

In July of the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong (1770), Princess Jing married Lavandoko. This Lavandorzi is not simple. At that time, he had been designated as the heir of the prince's attack on the throne, and his grandfather was Prince Chaoyong with outstanding achievements. For this reason, Qianlong made special treatment for Lavando's son, and designated it as Grant Amount and Princess Jing as Grant Princess, which is a special case of ranking "Grant Princess" according to her life experience.

The tenth daughter of Qianlong and Princess Xiao were born on the second day of the first month of the 40th year of Qianlong (1775), and their mother Yanfei was the favorite concubine of Qianlong in his later years. After the birth of Princess Xiao, Emperor Qianlong was called "seemingly self-centered and very fond". In the fifty-second year of Qianlong (1787), Princess Julun and Princess Xiao He were named "Princess Julun", mainly because they were particularly loved by Emperor Qianlong.

When she got married, Gan Long specifically instructed: "My youngest daughter, Princess Xiao He Gulen, hopes to take care of her before me and increase her filial piety. If she is not behind in the future, all the salary she should get will also be awarded as a reward. " This kind of treatment is rare even for the serious "Princess Gulen".