Life of Wu Zetian (detailed)

Wu Zetian is the second daughter of Wu Shihuo, the founder of the Tang Dynasty. Her mother's name is Yang (born in the royal family of Sui Dynasty, and her father is the younger brother of King Sui and Duke Ning Sui), and her ancestral home is in Wenshui County, Bingzhou (now a native of Beixu Village, Wenshui County, Shanxi Province). Wu Zetian was born in Lizhou (now Guangyuan, Sichuan) in the seventh year of Wude (624).

In November of the 11th year of Zhenguan (637), after Emperor Taizong came to Luoyang Palace (Wei Zi), he heard that 14-year-old Wu Zetian was "beautiful in Rong Zhi", so he called her into the palace, named her Wucai, and named her "Wu Mei", which was later mistakenly called Wu Meiniang.

In May of the first year of Yonghui (650), Li Zhi met Wu Zetian again when he entered Ganye Temple to commemorate the anniversary of Li Shimin's death. The two met and told each other their feelings after breaking up. The queen, who fell out of favor because she had no children, asked Li Zhi to bring Wu Zetian into the palace in an attempt to attack her rival in love, Xiao Shufei.

In May of the 2nd year of Yonghui (65 1), Li Zhi's mourning period expired and Wu Zetian entered the palace again. Before entering the palace, Wu Zetian was pregnant. After entering the palace, she gave birth to her son Li Hong. After Wu Zetian returned to the palace, she quickly defeated Xiao Shufei and won the favor of Li Zhi.

In October (660) of the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Xianqing, Li Zhifeng had a seizure and was dizzy, so she could not handle state affairs, so she asked Wu Zetian to handle state affairs. But it also caused the rift between Wu Zetian and Li Zhi, and caused Wu Zetian to be almost abolished.

In September of the first year (690), an imperial envoy Fu Youyi led more than 900 people from Guanzhong to Shen Du. The above table requires Wu Zetian to change the country name to Zhou and the emperor's surname to Wu, but Wu Zetian does not allow it. Hundreds of officials, emperors, relatives, people from far and near, chiefs of Siyi and shaman * * * have more than 60,000 people, all of whom petitioned on the table. Zong Rui also invited himself to give his surname Wu Shi.

In the first month of the first year of Shenlong (705), Wu Zetian was seriously ill and bedridden. In Yingxian Palace, only Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong were attendants. Prime Ministers Zhang Jian, Cui Xuanyong and Shangshu Jinghui, Huan, Yuan, etc. He made friends with the imperial army, commanded Li Duozuo, and pretended to be two rebels.

On February 26th, the first year of Shenlong (65438+70516)1,Wu Zetian died at the Xianju Temple in Shangyang Palace at the age of 82. The testamentary edict omitted the title of the emperor, calling it "Great Sage Queen", and pardoned the Queen Wang and the relatives of Chu Suiliang, Han Yuan and Liu Yuan.

Extended data:

Political measures during the reign of Wu Zetian;

1, hit the gate valve, support the cloth, and develop the imperial examination.

After Wu Zetian was made queen, Sun Chang Wuji, Chu Suiliang and others who opposed her being queen were all expelled from the court. For Wu Zetian, it was an example, but these Guanlong groups and their families had become a conservative force with vested interests at that time.

2, rectify the bureaucracy, severely punish corrupt officials, and promote talents.

Wu Zetian inherited the policy of rectifying official management and severely punishing corruption during the Zhenguan period, "consulting with the prime minister on secretariat and county orders", and sent "six envoys to inspect counties" to assess whether county officials were clean and capable. Officials who take bribes and bend the law, regardless of their positions, will pay the price. On the contrary, for talented people, they are unconventional.

3. Open your heart and pay attention to what is acceptable.

Wu Zetian deeply understood the importance of coachable. Among the twelve suggestions, "speaking broadly" and "telling the truth" also played an important role. In March of the second year (686), she also set up a bronze plaque in the court to encourage ministers to write books and talk about things.

4. Appoint cruel officials

After Wu Zetian's rule was stable, he began to use cruel officials. In order to consolidate her rule, Wu Zetian used severe measures. In order to master the sovereignty of the country, she poisoned her son who was made a prince.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Wu Zetian