Cultivation techniques of starry sky flowers

Because the seeds at seedling stage are small, plug seedlings are often cultivated for sowing. The medium commonly used for sowing is humus-rich, well-drained and sterile, with PH value of 6.5-6.8 and EC value of 0.75ms/cm. Sow on the plug, and sow each hole 1 grain. The suitable pore size is 1.5-2 cm. Germination begins about 10- 14 days after sowing, and the optimum temperature is 23-26℃, so seed germination needs light and cannot be covered. During germination, water should be fully watered to accelerate the dissolution of the outer layer of pollen flowers and promote germination.

Transplanting can be carried out 7-9 weeks after sowing, and the pot diameter is 10- 15cm. The cultivation substrate uses sterile peat soil, and a small amount of fertilizer is added, which has good drainage. The suitable PH value is 6.5-6.8. Warm heat and plenty of sunshine are beneficial to the growth of carambola. During the growing period, the temperature should be kept above 17- 18℃ at night, above 22-24℃ and below 10℃, which will make the flowering irregular, delay or hinder the flowering.

Stars like sunny environment. Strong light can improve the quality of plants. The stronger the light, the closer the plants are. Pay attention to light supplement in winter cultivation.

During the growth period, the relative humidity in the air should be low, which can reduce the diseases of leaves. It is not suitable to over-water the star flower, and keeping the culture medium slightly dry can promote the differentiation and growth of flower buds.

The fertilization of starflower is often applied with 800- 1000 times of chlorophyll aqueous solution every 7- 10 days to promote leaf elongation. After the middle growth stage, 800-15-30-15 (n: p: k) solution was applied every 7- 100 days to promote the differentiation and growth of flower buds. Top dressing is needed when flowering, and residual flowers can be cut off after flowering to make them germinate and bloom again. Planting in East China needs greenhouse for wintering.

The main pests and diseases of carambola are gray leaf spot, red spider, whitefly and aphid. Preventive measures include keeping breeding places clean and using sterile soil, culture medium and flowerpots.

(1) After planting, when the plant has 3-4 pairs of true leaves, it can be cored once to make the branches neat and the flowers consistent.

(2) Generally, you can only pick your heart once. If the flowering period is expected to be too early, you can take the heart twice. Each coring will delay flowering 10- 12 days.

(3) Cultivation time: 10 cm flowerpot is110/20 days; 15cm flowerpot is 120- 140 days.

Watering: Carambola is more drought-tolerant, but does not like water. It is not advisable to over-water during the growth period, and at the same time, it is necessary to avoid water accumulation in the cultivation substrate so as not to induce root rot. Leaves are sensitive to cold water, so try to water them with warm water (about 18℃). The substrate is dry, not wet. If it is too wet and sprayed with high concentration of fertilizer, the stems will grow white. In addition, the dry substrate can promote the growth of flowers. After flowering in autumn and winter, there will be a dormant period of about 1 month. At this time, the water should be controlled, and the basin soil should be slightly moist enough.

Soil (culture medium): the substrate is a loose cultivation substrate with good drainage and air permeability, with mud content of 10% to 20%, and coconut fiber, perlite and other substances can be added appropriately. In addition, one or two kilograms of fully balanced fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer are applied to each cubic meter of substrate. It is required that the matrix contains iron chelates and micronutrients, and the pH value is 5.8 ~ 7.5.

Pruning: pay attention to pruning during the growth period to make the crown symmetrical; Old plants more than three years old should be cut and updated. ① Seedling facilities: plugs.

(2) Substrate: Use humus-rich, well-drained and sterile seedling substrate, such as "Miao Zhuang No.3" of Nongyou Seedling Company.

③pH value: 6.5-6.8.

④EC value: 0.75ms/cm.

⑤ Illumination: Seed germination needs illumination, so it is not covered with soil. The light during germination is 1000 lux, which can make the germination orderly and improve the quality of seedlings. Starry flowers like strong light, so that seedlings can receive sunlight as soon as possible after germination, avoiding virtual growth and promoting the rapid growth of plants. After germination, the light is kept at 1 0000-25000 lux. With the growth of seedlings, the light intensity should be increased to 50000 lux and the temperature should be controlled.

⑥ Temperature: The optimum temperature for germination is 20-30℃.

⑦ Humidity: Keep the relative humidity in the air at 100% until the cotyledons grow out, so as to avoid the seedling substrate from getting too wet. In the growth stage of plug seedlings, the relative humidity should be reduced to 50% to prevent leaf diseases.

Seeding is carried out on a plug or seedling tray for drilling. Whitefly

Symptoms: The tender leaves turn green and yellow, and eventually the whole plant withers and dies.

Prevention and control:

(1) Use "insect net" to stop the invasion of foreign pests.

(2) Before cultivation, thoroughly fumigate and kill the cultivated land to remove weeds.

(3) Spraying 2.5% Gongfu 2500-3000 times solution or 20% Mirex 2500 times solution on the whole plant.

gray mold

Symptoms: Most of them are caused by dampness or excessive watering in rainy season. Water spots first appeared on the edges of stems and leaves, and gradually expanded to

Causing branches and leaves to rot. When the air humidity is high, gray mold often appears in the affected area.

Prevention and control:

(1) Keep the cultivation medium semi-dry, do not over-water, and strengthen the ventilation of the cultivation site.

(2) Thoroughly disinfect the culture medium.

(3) Disinfect the site with chlorothalonil fumigant before cultivation, with the dosage of 200g/ mu, and continue to use it after cultivation, once every 10 day.

(4) Spraying the whole plant with 50% chlorpheniramine 1 500 times solution or spraying the whole plant with 2000 times thiophanate-methyl solution. It is the first series of potted flower varieties propagated by seeds, with plant height of 20-25cm, growth temperature of 20-30℃, good branching and compact plant type. The scattered inflorescence is full of little flowers, which is refreshing. Quite heat-resistant and drought-resistant, widely used in potted flowers, but also suitable for flower beds, balconies and landscape layout. There are four colors: pink, fuchsia, red and white. It takes about 4 months from sowing to flowering.

The' New Look' plant is below 20 cm to 25 cm, with loose shape, good branching and short plant. The inflorescence is sparse at night, and the stem is 6 cm to 8 cm, which can bloom all year round. As a recuperation agent, there is no need to do exercises. This species is relatively resistant to falling and waterlogging, and is widely used in potted plants. Colors are pink black, black, rose black, purple black, black, black. Strong fertility and adaptability. The plant height is 30 cm, and the growth can reach 50 cm in high temperature season. Flowers are large and numerous, and the diameter of cymes can reach 7- 10 cm. There are red, bright pink, cherry red, thick pink, light purple and other colors.

Kaleidoscope is a high-stalk, early-maturing variety with compact and full plant type. Potted plants have short internodes, but grow sturdily after being taken out of flower beds or large containers, with long and dense branches. These flowers are big and beautiful, and they like hot and sunny environment. Colors are apple blossom, magenta, scarlet, lavender, deep rose, pink and mixed colors. The first generation hybrid is about 40 ~ 45 cm tall, with early flowering, bright colors, good seed quality and high germination rate, which is suitable for arranging flower borders.

Kaleidoscope' is about 45cm tall, which is higher among all over the sky. The crown is about 50 cm, the plant type is compact and full, and the branches are long and dense. The Tianhuiyuan Flower Research Institute of Beijing Hua Mu Company has been planting starry flowers for many years, which shows that' Kaleidoscope' is the best variety of starry flowers it has tried to plant. Kaleidoscope' has bright flower heads and hybrid F 1 seeds, and its germination rate and maturity are superior to other varieties on the market. It can also be used as a potted plant. For example, if planted in a big container of a flower bed, its internodes will be shorter than those planted in the ground, and the height will be between 30 cm and 35 cm. Because of its double petals and rich flowers, the potted effect is also excellent. But after being taken out of the container, the growth will become more vigorous. At present, the main problem of star flower promotion is that the seeds are slightly expensive, so it is difficult to promote them as indoor potted flowers, because star flowers like light and heat, and the flowering period and shelf life will be shortened when placed indoors. But as a heat-resistant flower, it is strongly recommended. At present, the retail price of' Kaleidoscope' seeds is around 0.6 yuan, and there are six colors such as crimson, magenta and lavender. The traditional star flower of the Northern Lights is drought-resistant and heat-resistant, but the disadvantage is that it is not resistant to rain and cold, and the flower is small. This northern light is the only star flower that can also be planted in the north at present, with a long flowering period.

Variety introduction: Pentas Northern Lights? Lavender, starry sky, northern lights, lavender

Plant height: 50-55cm

Growth period: 14- 18 Zhou Xiyang.

Caption: A breakthrough in breeding! The Northern Lights can continue to grow and bloom at a relatively cool temperature, and the large and blooming flower clusters have self-cleaning function, adding beautiful colors for the whole summer. Low PH sensitivity.

Variety introduction: Pentastarla star flower series.

Description: Choose heat-resistant varieties. The plant height is 35 ~ 40 cm, with vigorous growth and strong branches; Strong vitality, can resist the pressure of hot conditions in the south, even under high temperature and high humidity conditions, it can still grow vigorously and bloom continuously, especially all kinds of flower beds, glasses and potted flowers; There are many dense flowers, long flowering period and rich colors, including apple color, light pink, dark rose color, light blue, pink, red and white, and there are three kinds of mixed colors. And its consistent growth habits and compact flowering period surpass other competitive series.

Container size: 10- 15cm or large container.