Is Mazu Guandi a Taoist God or a Buddha?

The earliest historical data about Mazu seen today is Liao Pengfei's Reconstruction Map of Shunji Temple of Shengdunzu Temple in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the inscription, there are men and women, and they all talk about the gods worshipped by St. Gordon. "Ling You is the only goddess, passed down from generation to generation; Lin, from Meizhou Island. At the beginning, I regarded witchcraft as a thing that could predict people's fortune. Since my death, everyone has set up a temple in Benyu. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Ningzong Chao Ding said in the Palace of Shunji Shengfei: "It is rare for a woman of the Lin family in Meizhou, Shenyang, to be blessed and killed by others. She is enshrined in the temple, and she is called the goddess of Tong Xian. Or: dragon lady also. There is a pile in Puning Sea, Bingyin, Yuan You, and phosgene appears at night. People who are still piled up with all this dream: "I am the goddess of Meizhou and should come to visit me." "So there is a temple in the holy mountain. These two historical materials in the Song Dynasty all say that Mazu is a witch god, and its godhead attribute belongs to Taoism and has nothing to do with Buddhism. " Yuan dynasty history. Volume 76. Sacrifice record 5. Hui Ling, the goddess of the South China Sea, had a strange reaction to the protection of shipping in the Yuan Dynasty (1264- 1294). She added the god Tian Fei to the cross, and this temple is called Lingci. Zhu: "In April, the emperor appointed an official to make sacrifices to protect the country and the people, and to make Tian Fei prosperous and bright. People in the Yuan Dynasty also listed Mazu as a "famous mountain and great river", called it the goddess of the South China Sea, and listed it as a ceremony. The Taiwanese businessman Lao Jun said that Tian Fei's Effective Classic of Saving the Suffering was included in the orthodox Taoist collection "This kind of injury name of Dongtian Department" (volume 19 of Taiwan New Style Edition), which is a related classic describing Tian Fei Mazu's enlightenment. These earlier historical materials all classified Mazu as a Taoist god. The story of Mazu was introduced into Buddhism, which should have started in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. " Draw the origin of the three religions and find the gods "(Volume 4. (Empress) Yun: "Princess, surnamed Lin, originally lived in Ninghai Town, Xinghua Road, that is, Meizhou, which is 80 miles away from the coast, and was under the jurisdiction of Putian County. Mother Chen tasted the dream of Guanyin and the flowers in the excellent bowl, swallowed them, and was pregnant for fourteen months before she took off her body. On March 23rd, the first year of Tang Tianbao's birthday, Xu Li had a strange smell, which lasted for ten days. Young and well-behaved, just one year old, in infancy, seeing idols, hands crossed and worshipped; At the age of five, I can recite the Guanyin Sutra, and at the age of eleven, I can dance and celebrate festivals. For example, I will remember the incident of Wu Hejiang ... I have nothing to do, and I just sit back and wait, smell the incense for miles, or celebrate my birthday. Naturally, people often see God one after another, and it is more common. Their courtiers are like the Queen Mother of the West. According to the historical data of Song and Yuan Dynasties, we can't see the relationship between Mazu and Buddhism. The story of Tian Fei in Tracing the Source of the Three Religions and Searching for the Gods evolved under the background of the prevalence of the integration of the three religions in the Ming Dynasty. This may also be because Mazu was called the goddess of the South China Sea in the Yuan Dynasty, and it was associated with Guanyin from the South China Sea. Although "Painting the Three Religions, Searching for the Gods" is Volume 4. Queen Tian Fei entered the Buddhist Guanyin, saying that Tian Fei's mother dreamed that Guanyin sent you a flower, and that Tian Fei could recite the Guanyin Sutra at the age of five, which seems to be closely related to Guanyin in Buddhism. However, according to The Journey to the West's novels, The Legend of God in Ming Dynasty, this Guanyin is also known as a benevolent man. It is a Buddhist deity incorporated into Taoism, which is different from Guanyin in Buddhism. Guanyin Bodhisattva seen in novels after the middle of Ming Dynasty is a deity subordinate to the Jade Emperor and a Taoist deity. In addition, the biography of mother compiled by Huan Chu (included in ancient rare novels, published by Shenyang Literature and Art Publishing House 1994) and the biography of saints and birth and death compiled by Taipei National Library at the end of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty can also be seen in this way. Furthermore, although the Biography of Tian Fei after the middle of the Ming Dynasty also said that Mazu worshipped Guanyin, the story of Mazu's enlightenment, or mysterious secret method, was taught by scholars in Xuan Tong, so it was changed well. Or "Going to Yaochi to see the Empress Dowager and moving to the South China Sea to get the Guanyin method" and "Meizhou Feather Becomes a Goddess" are typical stories of Taoist enlightenment, rather than people who realize the Tao by following the four truths of Buddhism (Luo Han Guo card), twelve karma cards (karma card) and six degrees of ten thousand lines (Bodhisattva Buddha card); The fruit position obtained (Goddess, Lady, Tian Fei, Queen of Heaven) is also different from the Buddhist fruit position theory (Buddha, Bodhisattva, Jue Yuan, Lohan, Heaven and Man). Therefore, the attribute of Mazu God should be Taoist God, which has nothing to do with Buddhism. There are many scholars who study Mazu in Taiwan. Some of them only talk about the relationship between Mazu and Guanyin according to the historical materials after the middle of Ming Dynasty, such as "painting the origin of three religions and looking for gods", but they don't know that Guanyin in Ming Dynasty is Taoist Guanyin (a benevolent person) rather than Buddhist Guanyin. Guanyin worshiped by folk Taoist temples in Taiwan Province Province also belongs to Taoist Guanyin. According to the historical data of Southern Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty and the story of Mazu's enlightenment, Mazu, as a god, should be a pure Taoist goddess. Moreover, the temples and ceremonies dedicated to Mazu seen in Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan today are Taoist temples and ceremonies, which are very different from those of Buddhism. It is obviously a misjudgment or ulterior motive to regard Mazu as a Buddha. On the whole, Mazu's spiritual attributes can be seen from the appearance of Buddhist temples, Taoist temples, ancestral halls, costumes, titles, sacrificial supplies, scientific instruments and so on. Mazu's shrine, called "Palace" or "Temple", is the name of Taoist temple; Its architectural form is also Taoist style. The statue of Mazu is in the form of a middle-earth empress, not the Buddha, Bodhisattva, Jue Yuan, Lohan and Tian Fei of Indian Buddhism. The sacrifices offered by Mazu Tempel are incense, paper money, three sacrifices, sake and sacrifices. There are amulets to protect pilgrims in temples, as well as mutual visits between temples, tours around the country, and games to meet the gods. These are all Taoist activities and have nothing to do with Buddhism. Furthermore, the titles of Taoist gods are divided into heaven and respect for the elderly as husbands and mothers, but the most common titles are those with the color of human political organizations, such as imperial concubine, prince, marshal, protector, general and emissary. The common titles of male gods are: emperor, king, monarch, real person and marshal; Goddess titles, such as: Lady, Yuan Jun, Mother (Mother, Virgin) and so on. For example, God, Guan Jun, Guang Ze, Dong Yue Shangqing Si Mingjun (see Zhen Patent), Ziyang Zhenren (see Zhen Patent), Tian Peng Yuanshuai and other male gods. Goddess such as Princess Jiuhuashan (true patent), Lady Wang Ziwei (true patent), Lady Wei of Nanyue (true patent), Princess Bi Xia of Nanyue (true patent), Queen Mother Lishan, Queen Mother of the West and so on. These Taoist gods have titles, and most of them were given by emperors of all ages. There is a certain law, first low order, and then gradually high order. Those who were given titles in ancient times can only be given titles and cannot be demoted. This system was established in the Song Dynasty. "Long Bian Xu Zhi Tong Jian", Volume 336, North Yuanfeng six years, page 8: "Taichang Temple said:' Wang Dong has sealed the temple since now, and if there is no title, he will give a tin temple. Those who give the temple a forehead will be knighted. Seal Hou first, then Gong, then Wang. Those born with a title should seek their roots. Goddess, seal the lady, and then seal the princess. Its title, the second word, plus four words. In this way, the tin life rules the gods, and the ceremony is orderly. Whatever the ancients said, they should all want to add more. Immortal titles, the first real person, the second true gentleman. "Then follow it. The Taoist gods mentioned above only give titles, which are humble and supreme, in a certain order. Titles ranging from two words to four words to ten words, twenty words and thirty words have all appeared. Mazu is the goddess of Taoism and naturally has his title. The appellation of Mazu in past dynasties can be found in Continued Records of Siming, Remnants of Casting Ding, Tian Fei Temple, History of Song Dynasty, History of Yuan Dynasty, History of Ming Dynasty and History of Qing Dynasty. The most detailed and credible record is "Tianhou Zhi" published by Mazu Sun Lin for Tianhou Palace in Xianliang Port of Meizhou during the Reform Movement of 1898. Today, according to Tian Feng Hou Zhi. Volume 1, Praise and Seal of Past Dynasties, has the following records: Song Huizong Xuanhe awarded the "Shunzhi" Hall for four years. In the 25th year of Shaoxing, Song Gaozong, it was named "Lady Chongfu", in the 26th year of Shaoxing, it was named "Lady Zhao Ying of Hui Ling", and in the 27th year of Shaoxing. Song Xiaozong Xichun awarded "Mrs. Zhao Ying, a kind lady, good welfare" for ten years. In Shao Xiyuan, Song Guangzong, she became "Ling Huifei". Song Ningzong was given the title of "Fushun" in the fourth year of Qingyuan, the title of "Xianwei" in the first year of Kathy, and the title of "Princess of Protecting the Country, Fushun, Jiaying and Yinglie" in the first year of Jiading. In the first year of Baodou, Song Lizong, it was named "Princess Zheng Xie, Princess Huiling Helped Shun Jiaying"; In the third year of Bao You, she was named "Princess Hui Ling helped Shun Jiaying Tzu Chi"; In the fourth year of Baoyu, it was named "Princess Qingying of Jiaying Mountain in Zheng Xie, Hui Ling"; During the Kaiyuan period, it was named "Princess Ji Xian". In the 18th year of Zhiyuan, Yuan Shizu was named "Protecting the Country and Knowing Tian Fei", and in the 26th year of Zhiyuan, he was named "Showing Happiness". In Yuan Chengzong Dade for three years, it was awarded the title of "assisting saints and protecting people". In the first year of Yanchou in Yuan Renzong, it was named "Guangji". In the second year of Yuan Wenzong calendar, it was sealed, "Protect the country, help the saints, protect the people, show support, and instruct Tian Mingfei of Hui Hui to help Shun Fu". In five years in Hongwu, Ming Taizu, she was named "Queen Xiao Zhao, pure blessing, seducing a holy princess". In the seventh year of Yongle in Ming Taizu, it was sealed to "protect the country and people, and shine brilliantly in Hong Ren, Puji and Tian Fei". In the 19th year of Emperor Kangxi, a sage of Qing Dynasty, it was sealed "Protect the country and protect the people, make Lingguang Puji, Tian Fei and Hong Ren", and in the 23rd year of Emperor Kangxi, it was sealed "Protect the country and protect the people, make Lingguang and show the kindness of the empress". Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty worked for three years and was named "Protect the country and protect the people, be bright and bright, and be a member of Hong Ren Puji Fu You Mission", and for twenty-two years, he was named "Protect the country and protect the people, be bright and bright, be a member of Hong Ren Puji Fu You Mission, feel salty and bright, show god and praise Shuntian", and in fifty-three years, he was sealed in five years of Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty. There are certain gift words from "Madam", "Princess", "Tian Fei" and "Tianhou". From two words to the fifth year of Jiaqing, the title is "Protecting the country and the people, having an epiphany, responding to Fu You's true feelings in Hong Ren, showing God's praise and caring for Tianhou", with a three-pronged title. Others think that the title given by Emperor Kangxi in the 19th year of Qing Dynasty is "to protect the country and the people, Hong Ren's heavenly daughter". However, according to Records of Tianhou Palace and Biography of Emperor Qing published by Meizhou ancestral temple, the title given by Emperor Kangxi was "Tian Fei", not "Virgin". Chronicle of Empress Dowager Cixi was compiled by the descendants of Mazu, which recorded the full text of imperial edicts of various dynasties, including the Kangxi Dynasty. However, the imperial edicts and eulogies all said that Kangxi was a princess in the 19th year and a queen in the 23rd year. None of them are printed with the words "Mother of Heaven". Later generations suspected that the name of the Virgin in the sky was wrong. Mazu is a god who has always been worshipped by the people to protect the sea, which conforms to the Taoist worship of God. Mazu's cultivation method is also Taoist witchcraft theory. As well as offerings and ceremonies dedicated to Mazu, such as incense, paper money, three sacrifices, incense (incense), amulets, gods and so on; None of them belong to Buddhism. Mazu's appearance is also the appearance of Taoist immortals. Mazu's chain repair is not the four truths and twelve causes of Buddhism. Mazu is a Taoist god, no matter from the appearance of Buddhist temples, Taoist temples, ancestral halls, costumes, titles, sacrificial supplies, scientific instruments and so on. Today, monks in Taiwan Province Province insist that Mazu is the god of Buddhism, and believe that following Mazu can practice Buddhism. I really don't know how to fix it. Guan Gong was named "Emperor" in Taoism, but in Buddhism he only protected Galand, giving people the illusion that "the Tao begins at the end of the Buddha". Therefore, it is necessary to elaborate the divine attribute of Guan Gong. The world will regard Guan Gong as the protector of Buddhism. In fact, it comes from volume 77 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Guan Gong showed his sage demeanor in Yuquan Mountain. It is said that Guan Gong defeated Maicheng and was killed by Sun Quan. After death, I lingered for a long time until Yuquan Mountain, shouting, "Give me my head back. "The monk Fajing said, Tell Guan Yu to ask people for their heads, and those who were killed by Guan Yu will also ask Guan Yu for their heads; So Guan Gong realized that the kowtower had converted and left, and said, "Later, he often appeared in Yuquan Mountain to protect the people. The villagers felt his virtue, so they built a temple on the top of the mountain and offered sacrifices at four o'clock." "Guan Yu is from China, not an Indian god. Guan Yu is attributed to Buddhism, which is really out of the novelist's words, not the official history. Luo Yuan Guanzhong's theory of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, however, traces back to its source, beginning with the climbing of the volume 134 of Continued Tibetan Classics and the Biography of Zhiduoxing. Master Sui's Biography of the Tiantai Wise Master said that Zhiyi built a temple in Yuquan Mountain in Dangyang County, formerly known as "Yi Yin" and later changed it to "Yuquan", but the biography did not mention the conversion. In the Song Dynasty, when Tan Zhaowei made a note on the biography, Tan Zhao said that "I occasionally got the monument of Yuquan", which recorded that the wise man went to Yuquan Mountain, Guan Yu built a temple with divine power, converted to the wise man, and obeyed the law and kept discipline. Zhao's Notes on the Biography of Ming Taizu was adapted from the Biography of Tiantai Ming Taizu written by Sui's teacher. The initiation comes from Zhang An, so it is also called Zhang An's Biography. Guan Ding's Biography of the Master of the Tiantai Wise Man says that Zhiyi built a temple in Yuquan Mountain in Dangyang County. Moire said, "Jingxiang has never heard of it. Now that it is dawn, we will build a pavilion, which will be built in Yuquan Mountain in Dangyang County. Was awarded the title of "One Sound" and renamed as "Yuquan". Its land is barren and dangerous, and wild animals and snakes are very violent. The so-called "three poisons" make the yogi chilling. "In the meantime, don't worry." (Volume 134, Continued Tibetan Scriptures, page 644) According to the second volume of Notes on Other Biographies of the Wise Masters, Song Tanzhao put a note on the top of Enlightenment: "If you answer as Buddha Luyuan and Lin Ying said, you will have to pay back. Jingxiang, Nanyang County in ancient Jingzhou, was later changed to Jiangling Prefecture, Xiangyang Prefecture and now Jingmen Army. Dangyang County belongs to Jiangling. Yuquan temple, formerly known as "Yinyin", was named "Yuquan" for thirteen years, but it is as beautiful as jade. It is often said that this temple was built by the divine power of Wang Guan, the commander of Shu, but it is not mentioned in yuquan temple's book. Today, I accidentally got the Yuquan Monument, which reads: The wise man went to Zhuguan, boarded Nanji Yunshan, and built a Dojo to watch the beautiful scenery, with beautiful mountains and beautiful waters and covered by Ziyun. This can be a blessing! When the Qingxi River was cleaned up, it meant that it was forced to pass and it was difficult to stay in the crowd. After walking more than 100 steps to the north of Jinlong Pool, there is a big wood that is crumbling, covering the sky and being as empty as a temple. So I sat under the tree and ate and drank, and entered a great silence. Once the world is dark and stormy, there will be endless monsters and all kinds of strange shapes, which will be harmful in front of the cluster teacher; There is also a python more than ten feet long, with its mouth open and sharp teeth, and it wants to eat. There are demon arrays and bullets. 17 days later, it has lost its fear; The teacher said mercifully, "What you are doing is a life-and-death dream. You are greedy for many industries and don't feel sorry for yourself. Are you still bothering me? " "Words are gone. One night, the clouds are light and the wind is light, the moon is bright as day, and there are two saints, and the monarch is like a monarch. Old people are beautiful and rich, and a few wear hats and have hair. Counselor Shi Sui: "Where do saints come from?" So Guan Yu, the former general of Shu, and his son Ping, made the town a country with meritorious military service. This mountain, Sandu Mountain, has been inaccessible since ancient times, only the grottoes of dragons, snakes, tigers and leopards. Why does a great sage waste his feet? ""Being original passes through Tiantai, and I want to establish a Dojo here, so I can generate virtue with less effort. God said: "In that case, disciples should build temples to worship, so that the ten parties can be clear." How about it? " I will go to a house with mountain-like and deep soil, and the situation will be very prosperous. My disciples will build a temple here, hoping to meditate for seven days. "Never put off till tomorrow what you can, divide and rule, the building is successful, the pavilions are criss-crossed, resplendent and magnificent, and Yi Dan is resplendent and magnificent, welcoming guests to divide and rule, and gathering people to protect the law. One day, God said, "In the past, I fought against my soldiers, but I refused to eat meat. I was addicted to greed and anger." Why are we lucky enough to hear that the supreme bodhi is the law of the world today? "Now I have washed my heart, begged the precepts, sheltered the Buddha forever and educated people." I learn from it and teach for it. Since then, I've been smarter. So is the inscription on it. "(Volume 134, Volume 644, down to page 645) In the full text of The Master of Tiantai Wise Man, there is no record that Guan Yu's divine power helped build yuquan temple for seven days. When Tan Zhao annotated his biography in Song Dynasty, Tan Zhao said that he "occasionally got a Yuquan tablet", and then according to the fabricated inscription, he lied that the wise man went to Yuquan Mountain, and Guan Yu had the right to build a temple, converted to the wise man, listened to the law and was disciplined. Theoretically, it can't be found in Zhiyi and Enlightenment. Obviously, this statement did not exist in the Sui Dynasty, and it should be a missionary myth fabricated by Tan Zhao. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Pan Zhi's Biography of the Wise Man, Volume 6, Buddha, also quoted Yuquan tablet as saying that Guan Yu helped to build yuquan temple, but under it, he wrote a fine note: "Zhang An (initiation) wrote another biography, and his relationship with the king was slightly small and unknown. If there is nothing to know, then Zhang Anqin is listening in Yuquan. If you say don't talk about monsters, then Huading will be peaceful, and you will be both hard and soft, just say. Did my husband's deeds of closing the house catch today's God's response, leaving some evil at that time? Today, according to the Yuquan monument, it can be supplemented and show the virtue of the ancestors. In the narrative of Biezhuan, there are still many floating words, which are omitted now and kept concise. ("Da Zheng Xin Xiu Da Zang Jing", vol. 49, p. 183) At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Pan Zhi couldn't figure out why Guan Di, a disciple of Zhiyi, didn't write such an important thing as Wang Guan's help in building Buddhist temples and converting to Zhiyi into a biography, but thought it was a legacy. In fact, this is enough to show that the myth that Guan Gong helped build yuquan temple was later fabricated and did not exist in the Sui Dynasty. Generally speaking, Guan Yu converted to Zhi Zhi and became the patron saint of Buddhist temples, which originated from the Yuquan tablet fabricated by later generations and was promoted by monks such as Tan Zhao and Pan Zhi in the Song Dynasty. Guan Yu is a famous soldier in the Three Kingdoms, and Zhiyi is from Sui Dynasty. The two were far apart, but the monks climbed up and said that Guan Yu had come to listen to Zhiyi's statement that he was ordained to protect the Buddhist temple. The deeds of ghosts and gods have no evidence at all, relying only on the empty talk of monks, obviously deliberately fabricating miracles to confuse believers; The idea of building a temple in seven days is even more exaggerated. The "eminent monks" seen in biographies of eminent monks in past dynasties often like to brag about themselves, or say that they were given precepts by mountain gods and temple gods (such as the pavilions and temples in An Shigao), or that the immortals just came to protect monasticism (such as Tang Daoxuan said that Nezha protected the Buddha's teeth), or that tigers and beasts were afraid to avoid them (such as Zhu Fo Diao and Shi Tan Shi). Those who are far away say nothing, just like "Yin Guangda Shi Wenchao. Volume one. "A Letter with Teacher Genqi of Siming Temple" talks about giving lectures in Beijing in the early years of the Republic of China, and Guandi came to ask him to show it publicly. This lie can only be explained by Yin Guang: "Guan Emperor's husband was born rich and unyielding, and died willing to be a wise man." Since the wise men were here 1300 years ago, many jungle masters in the world have used the wishes of the mage to practice Buddhism, and Guandi has approached them one by one. So, as for today, there are still unfinished things that need to be decided. How smart is it, like an emperor, and how stupid is it, not benefiting from the law? Said a lot. "Then India light guess said, Guandi" appeared, please tell me the truth, dispel my dull feeling at home in Jaken. Yin Guang believed that Guandi did not learn from Buddhism, but showed it to the people to get rid of them. It only removed my dullness to ordinary people, but increased the tribute of the foolish old monk. A Guandi repeatedly said that he would seek advice and enlightenment from monks such as Fajing, Wise Man and Di Gong. As long as the use value of Guandi is still there, this revelation may be passed down forever. The situation of "eminent monks" boasting is like those Taoist priests who claim to be 100 years old in history books, or they can turn stone into gold, or they can soar to immortality and change everything to attract believers; Both are tricks. Guan Gong and Mazu are regarded as Buddha gods, which is nothing more than a dispute between Buddhism and Taoism. Calling Guan Yu Buddhapālita is even more from a demagogic "monk" who said that Guan Yu came to listen to the Buddha and dared to climb up, without any evidence; According to academic classification and historical events, Guan Gong's god should belong to middle-earth Taoism. Moreover, during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province, in order to eliminate the national consciousness of the Han people on the island, they tried to abolish Taoist temples with strong national flavor in the name of abolishing the "Yin Temple", so many Taoist temples dedicated Buddhist Guanyin in the back hall and preserved it under the guise of Buddhist temples; Others asked the monk to be the abbot to reduce the entanglement of the Japanese. Japanese Miyamoto Ren Yan's Arrangement of Temples in Taiwan Province Province during Japanese Rule (published by Tianjin Daoyou Society, 1988),17899 Taiwan Province Provincial Governor's Order No.59 "Procedures for the Establishment and Abolishment of Temples in Old Customary Society", Showa120 years Taiwan Province's "Folk Taiwan Province Province (Du Dong Books) It also deepened the illusion that Taoism was dwarfed by Buddhism, which led to Buddhism being higher than Taoism. The spiritual attributes of Mazu, such as the title of Mazu Tempel, the appearance of temples, statues, offerings, ceremonies, amulets, and activities of offering sacrifices to gods, are all stipulated by Taoism rather than Buddhism. From Mazu's practice before becoming a monk, showing saints and helping the people. Mazu is also completely in line with the Taoist practice of repairing chains to help the people. Mazu's appellations range from "Lady" to "Princess" and "Tian Fei" to "Tianhou", all of which are Taoist deities. Adding titles, there are certain rules, first humble, then respected, then goddess, then lady, then princess, then Tian Fei, then queen, and so on. The title has also increased from two words to three crosses. When we examine Mazu according to the norms of religion itself, we can be sure that Mazu is the god of Taoism. In Taiwan Province Province, Mazu was manipulated into a Buddha by a willing heart. The main reasons are as follows: First, the biographies after the Ming Dynasty all implicated Mazu and Guanyin. Most people did not delve into Guanyin as Taoist Guanyin, not Buddhist Guanyin, but intuitively equated Guanyin with Buddhism. Secondly, Mazu in Beigang, Taiwan Province, seems to be from the thirty-third year of Qing Emperor Kangxi. Monk Shu Bi was invited to Beigang from Tianhou Palace in Meizhou, Fujian, and built a temple as the first abbot. The monk Shibi belongs to the Lin Ji School of Buddhism, while most of the monks of Lin Ji School in Fujian are closely related to folk religions, preferring the integration of the three religions, and are not "orthodox" Buddhists. Shubi probably came to Taiwan Province with Mazu to keep safe. When he came to Taiwan Province, he was grateful for Mazu's blessing. This is also the reason why monk Xiubi worshipped Mazu and built a temple for him. Third, people who are engaged in field research often take what Miao Zhu said as true, and can't verify the classics. However, Miao Zhu is not knowledgeable and has limited knowledge, so it is inevitable to make mistakes, and then think that Mazu is from Buddhism. To sum up, Mazu is regarded as a Buddhist or a Buddhist god, which is a special phenomenon in Taiwan Province Province. However, with the development of Buddhism in Taiwan Province, this phenomenon has gradually affected Southeast Asia. When the author gave a lecture in Malaysia in August this year (2007), a friend told me that the attribute of Mazu and Buddhism were also controversial.