Full moon in the sky, half moon on earth, half moon in the middle of the month,

It means: the fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the day when the moon touches the sky for the last time, month after month, month after month.

A couplet written by Jin Shengtan, a writer in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.

Part one: The moon is round in the sky, half on earth and half in the moon;

Bottom line: tonight's end, tomorrow's year, year after year.

The first couplet says that the first month of the lunar calendar (15th) is the day when the moon touches the sky for the last time, month after month, month after month. The second part says that after the end of each year, it is a new year, and this year has been going on.

It is said that on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, Jin Shengtan enjoyed the wine and the moon, and suddenly his heart moved, and he came to the first part of "Full Moon in the sky, Half Moon on the ground, Full Moon on the moon", but after a long struggle, he still failed to make the second part. It was not until New Year's Eve a few months later that someone asked him about dating. It suddenly occurred to him that tonight is the end of the year and tomorrow should be the beginning of the year. He got inspiration from it and finally made the bottom line.

Extended data

Jin Shengtan's main achievement lies in literary criticism. His comments attach great importance to the exposition of ideological content and often use the topic to discuss political affairs. His outlook on society and life is vivid.

He rebuked "making an offence and making an insurrection", interpreted the name of Water Margin as "the worst, the worst, different from China" and opposed "serving the country with loyalty"; However, he sympathized with the sufferings of the people's livelihood, hated officials who were good at people and thieves, and realized that there were "Gao Bailian", "Yin Qian's brother" and their foxes under the "One Gao Qiu", which formed a social force that brought disaster to the country and the people. 108 people's "forced entry into Shui Bo" is "disorderly self-improvement", thus affirming the resistance of Liangshan heroes.

Jin Shengtan's greatest contribution is to improve the proper status of novels and operas as soon as possible. He is the earliest and most influential advocate of popular literature, and he pioneered the literary criticism method of reading texts carefully, becoming one of the most creative literary critics in the history of China, especially in the field of novel criticism.

Jin Shengtan was praised by scholars of the same age as Xu Zeng and Liao Yan, and Xu Zeng praised him for his erudition. The emperor shunzhi also praised him as a master of ancient prose, and told ministers not to judge him with stereotyped writing. Some scholars also criticized him for advocating "The Water Margin" and "The West Chamber" to confuse people.

In the New Literature Movement of the 20th century, literary historians praised Jin Shengtan, and Hu Shi thought he was a "eccentric" with vision and courage. Lin Yutang called him "/kloc-a great impressionist critic in the 7th century". However, because he attacked the Liangshan hero in Water Margin, he was once criticized by Chinese mainland scholars as a reactionary and "the spokesman of the ruling class in the feudal old society". Jin Shengtan served his sentence in the wailing temple case and was honored as an anti-Qing martyr by revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty.

Jin Shengtan's meticulous comments are unprecedented in the history of China's literary criticism. In the field of novel criticism, his authoritative position surpassed that of Wang Shizhen, Li Zhi and Zhong Xing, followed by Mao Zonggang's comments on Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Zhang Zhupo's comments on Jin Ping Mei. Li Yu appreciates Jin Shengtan's unique ability to point out the advantages of the West Chamber and go deep into every word. Feng Zhenluan, Mao Qingzhen and other Qing people appreciate the originality of Jin Shengtan's comments on Water Margin. Zhou Zuoren said that "Jin Shengtan is naturally the first to approve novels".

Baidu Encyclopedia-Jin Shengtan