Who has Du Mu's life story?

Du Mu (803-852) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Mu Zhi. Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) people. Born in a famous family, his grandfather Du You was a famous prime minister and historian in the middle Tang Dynasty. In his later years, Du Mu lived in Fan Chuan Villa in the south of Chang 'an, which was later called "Du Weizi" and "Du Fanchuan".

Du Mu lived in the late Tang Dynasty when domestic troubles and foreign invasion deepened. He was concerned about state affairs since he was a child and cherished the ideal of saving peril and restoring the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. At the age of 23, he wrote A Gong Fang Fu, taking the abuse of power and extravagance in the Qin Dynasty as a warning, which sounded the alarm for the rulers of this dynasty. As for Du Mu's date of birth and death, Qian Daxin's Record of Doubtful Years inferred from the epitaph written by Du Mu in Dazhong six years that his date of birth and death was Zhenyuan nineteen years (803) and Dazhong six years (852). But some scholars have verified that he died seven years later.

In the second year of Daiwa (828), he was awarded the title of librarian of Hong Wen Library. In the same year 10, he left Chang 'an, went to Jiangxi to be the chief of staff in Shen Chuanshi, and later transferred to Huainan to be the secretary and judge under Cui Dan's account. In the past ten years, he has traveled all over the country, broadening his horizons and urging him to further devote himself to practical research. He is particularly interested in discussing politics and soldiers in "the trace of controlling the rise and fall of chaos, the matter of assigning soldiers, the danger of terrain, the gains and losses of the ancients" (Li Zhongcheng's book). The political commentary "Sin Yan" written by the Huainan shogunate put forward some views on repairing the political affairs of the Ming Dynasty and pacifying the buffer regions. The famous poems were also written in this period.

After four years (839), he returned to Chang 'an, where he was appointed as Zuobuque, Catering Department and Bibi Department. After two years in Huichang (842), he successively served as the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu. Local officials, on the other hand, often reform graft within their own power and exempt treacherous officials from exorbitant taxes. During Huichang period, Li Deyu, the prime minister, presided over the military activities against Uighur invasion of Heping Anze Road. In order to realize his political ideas, Du Mu wrote a letter stating the general plan of using troops, which was adopted, and achieved the effect of "Lu Zeping, just like a pastoral policy" (The Biography of Du Mu in the New Tang Dynasty). It can be seen that he does have practical political talent.

In the third year of Dazhong (849), he returned to Korea as a foreign minister and editor of the history museum, and returned to Huzhou as a secretariat. A year later, he was transferred to Kao Gong Langzhong and Zhi Zhi Patent. Finally, the official wrote a book.

Born in Geng Jie, Du Mu disdained to please powerful people, was not proud of being an official, and held a sober critical attitude towards social politics. However, the depression of his ambition, which is difficult to display, has caused his indulgence, decadence and laissez-faire lifestyle, and some "affairs" have spread.

Literary Creation Du Mu's literary creation has many achievements, including poetry, prose and ancient prose. He advocates: "Everything is based on meaning, supplemented by qi, and defended by choosing words and making sentences" (answer Zhuang Chongshu), and has a correct understanding of the relationship between content and form of works. He worships Li Bai, Du Fu, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan most ("My Little Nephew Ayi's Poems in the Winter Solstice"), but he can absorb and melt the strengths of his predecessors and form his own special style. The poem "Dedicating Poems" says: "Some people painstakingly write poems, but in practice, they don't seek perfection, miraculous effects, customs, the present and ancient times." In the Qing Dynasty, Hong also said that his "prose is different from Han and Liu, poetry is different from Yuan and Bai, and poetry is different from the other four schools" (Beijiang Poetry Talk). Quan even praised him as "the first person after Tang Changqing" (Du Mu's theory).

Poetry creation is the most prominent aspect of Du Mu, which is as famous as Li Shangyin, another outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Little Du Li". Influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, his classical poems have a wide range of themes and bold brushwork. Long articles such as "Duyin County Village" concentrated on the poet's ambition to save the world and help the world by "mending clothes all his life", expressing his chest and feeling grateful. The Poem of Feeling for the Heart reflects the turbulent history of the buffer region in the decades after the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty. It has a magnificent picture and rich emotions, which can be read together with its lyrics (Zhou Shi Shi Hua by Weng Fanggang). Yu Ru's Du Qiuniang's poems and Zhang's poems are both sympathy for women's misfortune in feudal society. "Li Gan's Poems" praised a friend's integrity and honesty, also known as masterpieces. His modern poems are famous for their beautiful words and ups and downs. The seven-law "Early Wild Goose" expresses the nostalgia for the people in the northern frontier displaced by the Uighur invasion, and it has a graceful and lingering taste. After nine days, climbing the mountain, on the other hand, is unconstrained style, but it also contains deep sadness. Some lyric poems, such as "Bo Qinhuai", "Mountain Walk" and "Jiang Nanchun Jueju", can convey endless poetry with simple spoken language and concise line drawing, and have been told by the population all the time. Historical quatrains, such as Red Cliff, Four Noble Temples in Shangshan and Three quatrains in Qing Palace, are all combined with narration and discussion, and are often read in unexpected places. Of course, he also wrote some dissolute and frivolous works such as Farewell and Farewell, which are all negative parts.

Du Mu's poetry has a unique style. Liu Xizai compared his poetic style with Li Shangyin's Introduction to Art, saying: "Du Fanchuan's poems are heroic and heroic, and Li Fannan's poems are affectionate." The difference between them is pointed out. The general trend of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty is gorgeous and dense, and Du Mu is influenced by the atmosphere of the times and also pays attention to the use of words. This tendency of * * * with a strong rhetorical color, combined with his personal characteristics of "heroic and aggressive", is elegant, smart, majestic and graceful. The predecessors used the word "handsome" to summarize this basic style (Hu Yinglin's poems), which is more pertinent.

Du Mu's articles are also unique in the late Tang Dynasty, which are "comprehensive, broad and profound, and cut into the world" (Catalogue of Siku Quanshu). According to his preface to a bosom friend, his works, such as Yan, Sin Yan, Yuan Shiwei, A Book with Liu Situ, A Preface to Farewell History, and A Fang Gong Fu, are all based on reality and have political contents critical of current politics, especially the one of Sin Yan. In addition, the article "Newly Built Nanting in Hangzhou" also reflects the author's progressive thoughts on Buddhism. As for the language of the article, Du Mu insists on using prose, which is sharp and clear. With the popularity of parallel prose in the late Tang Dynasty, Du Mu inherited the tradition of ancient prose movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. He also introduced the brushwork and sentence patterns of prose into Fu, and wrote a new style of "Three Fu" which integrates narrative, lyric and discussion, just like "A Fang Gong Fu", which broke through the trend of increasingly parallel and rhythmic Fu since the Six Dynasties and the early Tang Dynasty, and had an important impact on the development of Fu in later generations.