China, the five Buddhist emperors in China: Only Zhu Yuanzhang believed in Buddhism for a living.

Although Zhu Yuanzhang himself was a monk and didn't know much about Buddhism like me, he was very afraid of being mentioned as a monk in his early years. Even the words light, bald and monk are dazzling. Many scholars have lost their minds because of this.

Buddhism was introduced into China in the Western Han Dynasty. It was popular in the upper royal family and noble class in the early days, and quickly merged into China culture. At first, it was mainly the promotion of the privileged class from top to bottom. Many emperors in history believed in Buddhism and advocated Buddhism. The following are the five most closely related to Buddhism.

There is only one emperor in the history of China, Su Lao Wang Yin, who indulged in debauchery, made great efforts, galloped on the battlefield and liked martial arts, and that was Liang Wudi Xiao Yan in the Southern Dynasties. He ruled the country by Buddhism and even committed suicide as a slave in a Buddhist temple.

Xiao Yan practiced martial arts and believed in Taoism in his early years, then converted to Buddhism and became a devout Buddhist disciple. He once ordered everyone to worship Buddha. Buddhism became popular in the Liang Dynasty. Teacher Tang Yongtong concluded; Buddhism flourished in Liang Wudi during the Southern Dynasties. So that in the half century of the Liang Dynasty, there were 2,846 Buddhist temples and more than 820,000 monks and nuns. What is even more rare is that Liang Wudi, the son of heaven, personally practiced it. It is reported that in his later years, Liang Wudi only drank one cup of drink every day and ate nothing but bean soup and brown rice. Cut off sexual intercourse at the age of 50 and stay away from concubines. Usually, he wears plain clothes instead of sportswear. Don't drink. Do not listen to music. Unless it is a sacrifice to the ancestral temple, there is generally no meeting or dinner. Liang Wudi is a believer who abides by Buddhist precepts.

Liang Wudi, with his profound Buddhist attainments, made friends with the famous Taoist monks at that time and set a precedent for emperors of past dynasties. He also presided over, edited and annotated Buddhist scriptures, attended lectures in person, held dharma meetings and so on. It was during this period that Buddhism was introduced to Japan and Korea. Liang Wudi also gave his life to enter the temple four times, only wearing vestments in the temple. All other objects will be discarded. The shortest four days, the longest fourth time, 5 1 day. On the afternoon of April, the ministers paid 100 million yuan to redeem the emperor and bodhisattva. This is recorded in historical materials.

Liang Wudi is versatile and good at poetry and lyric poetry. In his early years, he was famous as a scholar and a typical scholar emperor. This literati character may be one of the main reasons why he believed in Buddhism so deeply, and it also led him to be eager for quick success and instant benefit, eager for the northern expedition, and finally died of national subjugation. Just like the words of later generations, I sighed to Li Yu, the emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty: being a poet is a peerless person and being a poor king. Liang Wudi's sorrow is probably similar.

Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, who unified China and ended troubled times, worshiped Buddhism and had a profound personal background. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty had an indissoluble bond with Buddhism since he was born. He was born in a Buddhist temple. His parents entrusted him to monks and nuns to raise him since childhood. He is mainly taken care of by a nun named Ji Xian, who has lived in the temple for 13 years. After becoming emperor, he often told his deputies about this kind of Buddhist life in his childhood, which he did not shy away from. Wendi also asked historians to write biographies of nuns he raised, and made extensive repairs to the temples where he lived. According to the report, in the first year of Renshou, Emperor Wendi of Sui ordered all states in the world to build statues of gods, immortals and immortals in Wangerita, only because he was influenced by immortals when he was young: Emperor Wendi often expressed his feelings to ministers: I enjoy Buddhism.

Because the Buddhism of the Emperor Wu of Zhou and the early Sui Dynasty, especially the Buddhism in the Central Plains, has already faced the problem of survival. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty made great contributions to the revival of Buddhism, which made Buddhism formalized, nationalized and institutionalized in China. In addition, Wendi Deng also built a bud.

The Buddha statue reached its peak in the Wu Zetian period, and Longmen Grottoes is a typical representative. Some people even speculate that the most famous Buddha statue in Lushena is Wu Zetian himself. The 80-volume translation of Hua Yan Jing was also prefaced by Wu Zetian himself. Wu Zetian's devotion to Buddhism is more due to her own advantages. Personally, she seems to prefer Taoism, such as the title of Xuanyuan the Great.

Zhu Yuanzhang's poor life experience and the experience of a little boy are all legends. His ancestral home is Pei County, Jiangsu Province, and his grandfather's family moved again and again because of poverty, and finally settled in Haozhou. Because he was born in poverty, he didn't even have a formal name when he was young, so his family called him Chongba. As for the name of the bird, it came later. During their four years in Zheng Zheng, Yuan Shundi, the people of Haozhou suffered serious disasters, including drought, locust plague and plague. Six months later, Zhu's parents and brothers died one after another. He was too poor to attend the funeral and had to rely on his neighbors to give him a piece of land to bury his relatives. In order to make a living, he became a monk in a temple in Huang Jue. Who knows that only 50 days after becoming a monk, the monks in the temple were so hungry that they didn't have food at the age of 18, so Zhu Yuanzhang had to go out for alms and taste the sufferings of the world. This experience was later described by Zhu Yuanzhang himself in the epitaph.

The next year, Zhu Yuanzhang, who was still a monk when he returned to the temple, received a letter from his poor partner Tang He, saying that he had defected and hoped Zhu would join the great cause. Zhu Yuanzhang hesitated. A few days later, my brother told him that someone was going to report his association with the Red Scarf Army and let him escape. At this time, the Yuan Army completely burned down the Huang Jue Temple, and Zhu Yuanzhang defected to the rebel army and started his military career and brilliant future.

Although Zhu Yuanzhang himself was a monk and didn't know much about Buddhism like me, he was very afraid of being mentioned as a monk in his early years. Even the words light, bald and monk are dazzling. Many scholars have lost their heads because of this. In the early Ming Dynasty, local officials celebrated China New Year and royal festivals as usual. If it's all Acura, it's in big trouble. For example, Xu Yikui, a professor of political science in Hangzhou, said that there is a saying that saints are born in the sun, and Zhu Yuanzhang is even more far-fetched in his essays, saying that the light in the essays refers to baldness and life is the homonym of monks. Xu borrowed essays to call him a monk. Anfu's instruction was to clear the door in the language that Hsien Wu expected to worship. Zhu believes that the Qing Dynasty refers to the monk temple. It is very wrong for Zhu Yuanzhang to kill all those who violate taboos.

[5. Shunzhi

There is a widely circulated legend that the emperor shunzhi was disheartened by the death of his beloved wife Dong Shi. He thought that everything was empty and attached to nothing, so he abandoned the country and went to Wutai Mountain for shaving practice. Later, Emperor Kangxi, the son of Shunzhi, visited Wutai Mountain many times, hoping that husband and wife, father and son would meet, but Shunzhi never saw him, and he finally got his wish. The legendary Shunzhi seems to be an affectionate emperor. He will not love mountains and rivers and people.

Whether Shunzhi really became a monk is a mystery. But it is a fact that Shunzhi is good at Buddha and loves Buddha. Shi Shunzhi did lose money in the palace and wanted to become a monk, but he was discouraged. So tachileik, who was appointed as a double eunuch, became a monk for him and became a monk in Zhong Temple in Benjamin. The general view in academic circles is that Shunzhi died of smallpox.

The official history may not be conclusive, and unofficial history may not be misinformed. Regardless of the truth of becoming a monk, Shunzhi is regarded as the supreme Buddhist emperor's thought in people's hearts. As he said in his poem, I am the son of the West, but I have no choice but to fall into the imperial family.