Chiang Kai-shek Wei Zi

Ladies and gentlemen, we are going to visit Qingcheng Mountain now.

Qingcheng Mountain is located in the southwest of Dujiangyan City. It takes about 20 minutes by car. I'd like to use the time on the road to give you an overview of Qingcheng Mountain.

Qingcheng Mountain is 63 kilometers away from Chengdu. Because of its green mountains and green waters, lush trees and quiet and cool all year round, it has always been a famous tourist summer resort in western Sichuan. Because it is one of the birthplaces of Taoism in China, it has been an important base for the existence and development of Taoism for more than 2,000 years since the Eastern Han Dynasty, affecting all over the country, so Qingcheng Mountain is also a famous Taoist mountain. Speaking of which, you may have heard of the basic features of Qingcheng Mountain. It is the closest scenic spot to the city, with quiet natural scenery and a long history of Taoist culture, plus six words: it is quite well protected. Therefore, 1982 was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key scenic spots. From 65438 to 0999, Qingcheng Mountain and Dujiangyan Scenic Area jointly declared the world natural and cultural heritage, which was fully affirmed by UNESCO experts. Of course, "seeing is believing", and soon everyone will know that what I said is true.

There are two ways to name Qingcheng Mountain: one way is that Qingcheng Mountain has 36 yin and yang peaks arranged in a ring, with steep peaks and lush trees, just like a green city wall, so it is named Qingcheng Mountain because of its shape; The second way of saying it is that Qingcheng Mountain was originally called Qingcheng Mountain, and the green word has three points of water. Because of the ancient myth that "Du Qing, Wei Zi and heaven and earth all live here", this is the place where immortals live, so it is called Qingcheng Mountain. Later, Zhang Ling Zhang Tianshi, the founder of Taoism in the Eastern Han Dynasty, founded Shitiandao on the basis of Qingcheng Mountain. Taoism advocates the doctrine of "self-denial and self-courtesy" and "returning to simplicity and simplicity", which coincides with the meaning of Qingcheng Xiandu, and the name of the mountain remains unchanged. Buddhism developed rapidly in the early Tang dynasty, and there was a territorial dispute between Buddhism and Taoism on Qingcheng Mountain. When the lawsuit hit the emperor, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty believed it, and personally ordered that "the temple belongs to Taoism and the temple is outside the mountain". Taoism won. However, there is no green beside the water in the clear words written on Qingcheng Mountain in the imperial edict. Taoism not only regained its territory with the help of the emperor's personal judgment, but also changed its name to Qingcheng Mountain.

This story is not a legend, and the full text of the imperial edict of the Tang tablet preserved on the mountain is enough to testify.

Taoist culture

According to geological survey, Qingcheng Mountain was formed in the orogeny 65.438+0.8 billion years ago. When the mountain rises, it is strongly squeezed and the rock strata are broken. Great ups and downs, obvious folds, so Shan Qi, deep cliffs, cliff cracks, everywhere shows the wonders of nature. According to legend, there are 36 peaks, 8 big holes and 72 small holes in Qingcheng Mountain area *** 108 scenery. One hundred single eight is an auspicious number, which implies many scenic spots, but people are more eager for the endless coolness and seclusion brought by the ancient forests and winding mountain roads, as well as the long-standing Taoist culture and well-preserved palace architectural art.

Speaking of Taoist culture, due to the existence and development of Taoism in Qingcheng Mountain for more than two thousand years, especially the trusteeship and management of Gaodao in previous dynasties, Qingcheng Mountain, as the ancestral mountain of Taoism and the "holy mountain" in the eyes of laymen, has been fully protected. It can be said that today's ancient buildings, ancient sites, historical legends, eating customs, and even trees and flowers in Qingcheng Mountain are permeated with the spirit of Taoist culture. The development of Taoism in Qingcheng Mountain has also experienced ups and downs. In the second year of Han 'an in Shun Di in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 143), Zhang Ling, who studied in Hemingshan (now Dayi County) in Qionglai Mountain, came to Chicheng Cliff in Qingcheng Mountain to establish Taoism. Because Zhang Ling was honored as "Shi Tian" by his disciples, the Taoism he founded was also called "Shi Tiandao". Through the creation and development of Shi Tian Taoism in Zhang Ling and its descendants, Shi Tian Taoism gradually spread to all parts of the country. During the Jin and Sui Dynasties, Taoism in Shi Tian saw the rise of Taoism in Shi Tian in the north, Taoism in Shi Tian in the south and the emergence of regional sects. Qingcheng Mountain is the orthodox sect of Nantian Shidao. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Du Guangting, a famous Taoist, came to Qingcheng Mountain, where Shi Tian Taoist tradition was combined with Shangqing Daoism. Shangqing Daoism claims that the cultivation of Daoism can rise to a "clear sky", which is higher than the ideal "too clear realm" of Daoism in old Shi Tian. Du Guangting later became an official under Wang Jian, the former Emperor of Shu, and became an assistant minister of history and a doctor of Guanglu. He was named the pillar of the country, Cai Guogong, and lived in Qingcheng Mountain for nearly 30 years in his later years. His writing has a great influence on the development of Taoism.

By the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Shaowei, a Taoist priest of Qingcheng Mountain, and others had founded Wei Qing, which combined Inner alchemy with magic with the function of thunder, saying that "it can exorcise evil spirits, cure diseases, reach the emperor, thunder Lei Zhen, and mediate nature". The Yuan Dynasty named him "the real person of Yuan Lei's recovery", and at that time there were many believers, and Qingcheng Mountain flourished again. Taoism in Qingcheng Mountain in Ming Dynasty belongs to Quanzhen Daolong Sect. Quanzhen religion is different from the original Zheng Zheng in Shi Tian. It advocates that monks should become monks, live in temples, become Taoist priests, not marry, not eat meat and fish, and create a set of practice methods, cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's character, quietism. Taoist priests living in the mountains naturally pay more attention to the maintenance of temples and the cultivation of forests. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, wars continued, and Taoist priests in Qingcheng Mountain fled. It was not until the eighth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi that Chen Qingjue, a Taoist priest of Quanzhen Daolongmen Sect in Wudang Mountain, came to Qingcheng Mountain to preside over educational affairs, which changed the situation again. Later, with the help of Sichuan officials, Chen got the imperial book "Dan Dai Bi Dong" from Emperor Kangxi and named him "Bi Dong Real Person".

Since then, Qingcheng Mountain Taoist School belongs to Quanzhen Taoist Longdong School. After the founding of New China, Qingcheng Mountain absorbed Taoist priests from all over the world. The original pattern of Bidong religion in a platform has changed, but it is still an influential branch of Taoism. 1957, the "Chinese Taoist Association" was established, and Yi Xinying, a Taoist of Qingcheng Mountain, was elected as the vice president and deputy secretary-general. Later, Taoist Fu Yuantian was elected as the vice president of Chinese Taoist Association, and was elected as the president in 1992, and concurrently served as the dean of China Taoist College. Therefore, people who study Taoist culture should come to Qingcheng Mountain.

Buddhist temple gate

Distinguished guests, we are now in front of Qingcheng Mountain. The classical and splendid mountain gate and the green forest behind it always make every tourist feel a deep sense of seclusion, and their desire to enter this quiet world arises spontaneously. Please don't worry, let's go and see Fu Jian Palace next to the mountain gate first.

Fu Jian Palace, located under Zhang Renfeng, was built in the 18th year of Tang Kaiyuan (AD 730), formerly known as Zhang Rendong, and was named "Huiqing Fu Jian Palace" by the court in the Song Dynasty. Zhang Renfeng was named after Ning Feng. According to legend, Ning Feng was a pottery official in the era of the Yellow Emperor. He can walk in flames, follow the smoke and ride the clouds. Ning Feng helped Huangdi learn the skill of "walking on stilts", defeated Chiyou, unified China, and was named the "Five Zhang Yue People" by Huangdi. In the Song Dynasty, it also sealed the concept of a nine-day husband in Qingcheng Mountain, Zhou Shu, and Chu Fu appointed a real king. There is an attending fairy among the top ten caves of Taoism, and Ning Feng is the attending fairy of Qingcheng Mountain. Fu Jian Palace was built in the 14th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1888), and it has been repaired and rebuilt on a large scale in recent years.

The building area of Fu Jian Palace is 1 196 square meters. Pavilions and pavilions were built in front, followed by Dan Tai Cui Lin, and the words Qianmen Fu Jian Palace were inscribed by Lin Sen, President of the National Government in 1940/kloc-0. The front hall is called "the Hall of Eternal Life", which is dedicated to Fan Changsheng, a Taoist priest in the Jin Dynasty. The main hall is the statue of Ning Feng and Du Guangting. There are three statues in the back hall. In the middle is Taishang Laojun, who is honored as the leader of Taoism. On the left is Emperor Donghua, the legendary Duke of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, who was the first founder of Quanzhen Sect. On the right is Wang Zhongyang, the founder of Quanzhen Daoism. Poems written by Zhang Sanfeng hung on the wall of the hall. The 394-word "Qingcheng Changlian" hanging on the column describes the scenery and tells stories. You can have a look if you are interested.

ropeway

Entering the mountain gate, we went directly to Yuecheng Lake and took the cableway up the mountain. The first thing that catches people's eyes is the rain pavilion and the green pavilion standing side by side.

There are many bridges, pavilions and archways scattered on the mountain path of Qingcheng Mountain, which match the forest and form different interesting landscapes due to the momentum of the mountain. The pavilions are mostly made of dead trees as pillars, bark as tops, tree roots as stools, and dead branches Gu Teng as ornaments, which conforms to Taoist quietism, returns to nature, and blends with the quiet mountain scenery. Pavilion types also vary from scene to scene. There is a triangular pavilion formed by turning along the road-Elowo; Ling Ran Pavilion, a square pavilion leaning on the cliff; There is an octagonal pavilion standing on the peak-Xixin Pavilion; There is also the Sleeping Cloud Pavilion, the mountain road passes by, the number of columns is reduced, and the Ningcui Bridge with curved mountains. These pavilions are all named and cut according to the scenery modeling, with appropriate couplets, which are more poetic. You will continue to see it during the tour.

Moon City Lake is here. There used to be a sweet spring named "Zhang Ren Quan". 1985, people built dams here to stop water and form lakes. We crossed the lake and took a cable car to Shangqing Palace. Walking down from a height saves more time and effort than walking, so you have more time and energy to visit. The cableway is 980 meters long and uses safe and comfortable circulating hanging chairs to carry passengers. Visitors can enjoy the scenery in the air, and their horizons are wide and interesting.

Shangqinggong

Getting off the ropeway is already the four scenic spots of Shangqing Palace.

Located in Shanyang, Shangqing Palace is the highest Taoist temple among the 38 existing temples in Qingcheng Mountain. There is a guard room at the entrance of the palace. The three characters of Shangqing Palace were written by Chiang Kai-shek, and the two couplets were written by Yu Youren, a Kuomintang veteran and calligrapher. He said that the vegetation of Qingcheng Mountain has been polluted by Taoist myths, and this famous mountain has been waiting for friends since ancient times. The other is a couplet praising Taoism written by patriotic general Feng Yuxiang. The font is clean and easy to read, so I won't read it word for word. There are two wells in front of the south building on the right side of the temple, named Yuanyang Feng Ba Well. Two wells-Fangyiyuan and Fountain are connected, but one is muddy and one is clear, one is shallow and the other is deep. The word "Yuanyang Well" inscribed by Zhang Daqian, a master of Chinese painting, is engraved beside the well. In the main hall on the right side of the temple, the nanmu board wall is engraved with the full text of Tao Te Ching. On the left side of the hall, there is a long corridor leading to the affiliated hall, where Confucius and Guan Yu are enshrined and named Wu Wen Hall. On both sides are Zhang Daqian's portraits of Ma Gu, Wang Mu, the founder of Sanfeng, and Mrs. Huarui. On the lower right of Wu Wen Hall is Magu Pool, which is said to be the place where Magu bathes Dan. Shaped like a half moon, it is several feet deep and green, which has been inexhaustible for many years.

The official main hall of Shangqing is dedicated to the old gentleman, the ancestor of Taoism, Lao Zi. From the corridor in front of Wuwen Temple to Yujing Building, from the unloading door to Shengdengge. There is a path next to Pengzufeng, the highest peak in Gao Tai. There is a pavilion on the mountain called Echo Pavilion, which means "When you climb high, all the mountains should respond". Now it has been converted into a reception point, and a new "Laojun Pavilion" has been built in a higher place.

There is a huge bronze statue in the three-story pavilion, which is a Taoist leader Li Laojun riding a green cow. Please go to the pavilion to see it. Standing on the sightseeing corridor on the third floor of Laojunge, overlooking from the corridor, the peaks of Qingcheng Mountain are all green, arching the horizon, the mountain wind crossing and the green waves undulating. The purpose of refreshing the heart is to be comfortable and pleasant, which is really indescribable. Looking further into the distance, Minshan is faint, and the Minjiang River is like a belt, winding and elegant. Chengdu plain is as beautiful as a thousand miles. If you spend the night in the Qing Palace, you can also enjoy the magic lamp, watch the sunrise and see the sea of clouds. These are the three wonders of Qingcheng Mountain, each with its own unique taste.

Down the hill, you have to pass a steep mountain road in front of you. Although there are handrails and chains, please be careful. After Chaoyang Cave, it is easy to walk to the road of "Visiting Ningqiao".

Zushidian

Visit Ningqiao, turn left for about two miles to the ancestral temple. This temple was built in the Jin Dynasty and was originally named Dongtianguan. The existing temple was built in the fourth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1865) and dedicated to Zhenwu Emperor and the founder of Sanfeng, so it is also called Zhenwu Palace. The valley opposite the ancestral temple is called Baiyun Stream, followed by Xuanyuan Peak, surrounded by Lanlin, and the environment is quiet. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a "reading platform" for Du Guangting to study in Gaodao.

1982 has been designated as a national key Taoist temple. The path on the right side of the temple can go behind Qingcheng Mountain. General Feng Yuxiang visited Qingcheng Mountain three times during the Anti-Japanese War, and 1945 lived in the ancestral temple. The general was overjoyed at the news of Japan's unconditional surrender. He carved a monument and built a pavilion on one side of the temple as a souvenir. This monument is now in the ancestral hall and is protected as a cultural relic.

It is near Shi Tian Cave, and it is called Gulong Bridge. Please look at the mountain gap in the south, a stone gap that splits straight from the top of the cliff to the foot of the mountain. It is said that it is a mountain crack. It is actually about 18 meters wide and more than 70 meters deep. It is said that Zhang Tianshi is the monster who subdued Qingcheng Mountain. After cursing and scribbling, the handwriting divides the mountain into grooves, so people call it "casting"

Tianshidian

This is Shi Tian. The Shitiandong Scenic Area we usually refer to is a group of palace buildings represented by the ancient road view. Shi Tian Temple is the top and last temple of Long Island Temple. This temple is located in front of the rock belly cave at the top of Sanhuan, and was rebuilt in the tenth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty.

Zhang Tianshi is located in the upper part of the cave, so people say it is a veritable cave in Shi Tian. Please look at this statue of Zhang Tianshi carved in stone in the Sui Dynasty. His eyes stare, his expression is dignified, and his left palm extends straight. It can be seen that the palm of his hand is "the seal of Yang Pingzhi's capital". It is said that Shi Tian used Zhenshanbao to subdue demons. Next to him is his grandson of the thirtieth generation, a quiet statue in the Song Dynasty, gentle and gentle, and an image of saving the world. Shi Tian Temple is the birthplace of Taoism in Shi Tian. In the past, Shi Tian of Longhushan, Jiangxi Province made a pilgrimage here after taking office.

In front of the altar is the "Three Emperors Hall", which contains the stone statues of Fuxi, Shennong and Xuanyuan Huang San. In front of the altar is the memorial tablet of Emperor Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty, which makes the "returning to the former site of Taoist temple outside the mountain" very precious and passed down from generation to generation as a treasure of the town house. Other inscriptions include the portrait of Shi Tian by Mr. Zhang Daqian and the headstone of Bidong Sect of Longmen School, all of which are cultural relics worthy of appreciation.

After the Huangdi Temple was in the main hall "Sanqing Hall", we came down from the Shangqing Palace and looked forward from the back, so we first looked at the Stone Temple, then entered the Huangdi Temple and finally visited Sanqing Hall. Huangdi Temple is dedicated to Xuanyuan Huangdi. The double-eaves cloister of the main hall reveals Jing Ya in its simplicity. On the horizontal forehead, there are four characters "Ancient Huangdi Temple" inscribed by Shi Yu, a veteran of Kuomintang and a great calligrapher. The "Xuanyuan Huangdi Cave Monument" in front of the temple is engraved with the eulogy written by General Feng Yuyang at 1943: "Xuanyuan Huangdi was a great ancestor, who made great contributions in the war and cared for all ethnic groups. The system of rites and music can be used to teach children and grandchildren, and it will last forever. " The ancestor of the Chinese nation is revered as a god. There is a legend in Qingcheng Mountain that the Yellow Emperor went to Zhang Ren to visit Ning Feng to practice the skill of "flying with dragons", so as early as the Sui Dynasty, a cave was built on the mountain to offer sacrifices.

Sanqingtang

Now let's visit Sanqing Hall. Sanqing Hall is the most magnificent and admirable Taoist building in Shi Tian Cave Scenic Area.

Daxiong Hall is a pavilion-style building with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain. Built in 1923, it has been under maintenance in recent years. The front vestibule of the temple is supported by nine stone steps, and the front eaves are supported by six large stone pillars, which stand on the stone foundations with grotesque animal patterns at a height of 1.2 meters, respectively, which is solemn and imposing. The hall is arranged in five bays, covering an area of ***580 square meters. There are 28 large stone pillars at the front and rear eaves columns and warp columns, with a height of 4.4 meters. The upper ends of the columns are all hollowed out, with bows and curved doors, birds, animals and flowers, and the colors are simple and elegant, which is in harmony with the building. Upstairs is the "Wuji Hall". In the middle of the building is an octagonal well, which is used for lighting and ventilation, and can also alleviate the sense of depression of tourists. In the middle is the plaque of Kangxi Imperial Book "Dan Tai Pen Cave". The temple is dedicated to the three supreme gods of Taoism: Yuanshi Tianzun, who lives in Jade Qing (a tiny sky in the Qing Dynasty) and symbolizes the Hongyuan century; Lingbao Tianzun (Yu Yutian), who lived in the Qing Dynasty, symbolizes the mixed yuan century; Living in Taiqing Wonderland (in the red sky) symbolizes the moral Buddha at the beginning of the century. This moral god is a great old gentleman. The three gods are collectively called "Sanqing", so it is called "Sanqing Hall".

On the stone fence in front of the temple, there are many portraits, with bare heads and backs, tumbling and jumping, frolicking, no scars on their heads, uneven crowns, and some "hairy ribs" wearing pants. If the baby's image is "naked". The Tao Te Ching says that "Changde is inseparable and belongs to the baby", which teaches people to keep a pure and kind heart and thinks that monks should return to the realm of childlike innocence. Some musical instruments were also designed in the stone carving. Conch will make a pleasant sound when it meets the mountain wind, which is called "nature". This group of stone carvings reflects the philosophy and aesthetic taste of Taoism.

There is also an ancient ginkgo tree in front of the temple, with a height of about 30 meters and a crown diameter of 36 meters, which was handed down from Zhang Tianshi.

go down the mountain

Walking out of the mountain gate of the ancient road view, the tour of Shi Tian Cave Scenic Area is over. Please look at the location of this temple again. How clever the site selection was!

Guchang Taoist Temple is located on the mountain flat between Baiyun Stream and Haitang Peak, with an altitude of 1 1,000m. After that, there is a third mixed roof standing like a screen, with Qinglong on the left, Black Lake Pond on the right and surrounded by mountains on three sides. The Baiyun Valley in front of us has a wide field of vision, and it is expected to be surrounded by thousands of cliffs and trees, and it is in the deep mountains and blue seas, which is the realm of a fairy metropolis. In addition, the palace buildings in Shi Tian Cave are centered on the mountain gate, Sanqing Hall and Huangdi Hall, which are arranged on the central axis. More than a dozen patios and winding verandahs connect temples and pavilions with the scattered topography. The pillars are engraved with couplets, and the ancient wooden flowers in the courtyard are full of poetry and painting, which is particularly elegant and elegant. In line with the Taoist thought of blending into nature.

Dear friends, I'm going down the mountain now. The Qingcheng Mountain we see today is more quiet and beautiful than ever before, and there are more Chinese and foreign tourists visiting here than ever before. This is because, after liberation, especially after the reform and opening up, the natural features of Qingcheng Mountain and Gongting have been highly valued and fully protected by the government. 1999, Dujiangyan-Qingcheng Mountain Scenic Area officially declared the dual heritage of natural culture, and the government invested a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to make Qingcheng Mountain rejuvenated and more beautiful.

Everyone is about to leave Qingcheng Mountain. If a friend wants to bring native products back to relatives and friends, I will introduce four famous products of Qingcheng Mountain: stewed chicken with ginkgo, Dong Tian milk wine, Qingcheng tribute tea and Dong Tian kimchi.