What are the poems about rain?

Open the poems of Tang and Song Dynasties, and rain can be heard everywhere. There is much sorrow in the rain, so there is much poetry in the rain. Take Du Fu and Li Shangyin as examples: the image of "rain" appeared 246 times in Du Fu's poems, 6 times more than that of "eye" 36 times; The image of "rain" in Li Shangyin's poems appeared 73 times, while "eye" only appeared 10 times. [1] As a gentle and flowing object, rain often appears in poets' works and becomes an effective carrier for poets to express their personal feelings. Rain in China literature has changed from a natural phenomenon without any subjective feelings to a traditional lyrical image, which embodies the author's unique feelings, experiences, emotions and mentality, and has rich life significance and aesthetic value. Next, we will talk about the construction type of "rain" image and its life significance from four aspects.

A, happy rainy night-faint rainy night, I don't know spring grass.

Happy rain is often associated with nourishing everything and stimulating vitality. Wei's poem "Dwelling House": "I wonder if spring grass will last long after a rainy night" is a beautiful sentence that people appreciate. "Light rain" is an accurate description of the drizzle in early spring. Spring grass grows under the nourishment of light rain. There is a vibrant spring atmosphere here, and there is also a poet's love for the faint spring rain at night. The poet's seclusion and happy mood can be seen.

Su Shi's "Huanxi Sand" said: "Soft grass makes the sand fresh after the rain, while light sand makes the road clean." After a soaking rain, vilen is green, and the scenery is particularly fresh and lovely. Walking in Cao Fang, Pingsha, is spotless, with only green eyes and inner joy.

There are two sentences in Du Fu's "Two Water Sills" (Part I): "Fish comes out in the drizzle, and swallows incline in the breeze". The poet vividly and delicately describes the dynamics of fish and swallows in the drizzle. The joy of the fish and the lightness of the swallow aroused the poet's happy psychological reaction. Isn't that what makes us feel the poet's love for spring?

Let's look at another song by Han Yu, "Early Spring is a Shiba Inu of the Ministry of Water":

There is a lot of silk in the sky above the avenue, which is as delicate and moist as butter. The grass is vaguely connected in the distance, but it looks sparse in the near future.

This is the most beautiful season of the year, far better than the late spring of the green willow.

The fine light rain falling on the sky street moistens like crisp, and crisp is cream. It is delicate and symmetrical, smooth and moist, and slowly falls on the streets of the imperial city. Looking at the grass color through the rain, it is hazy, as if there is a very light green, which is the grass color in early spring. Looking at it, people suddenly feel happy, fresh, lively and fragrant, and the joy is beyond words.

Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night is the most popular poem about rain;

Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.

Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.

The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.

Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.

Good rain knows what people want. When the earth is in urgent need of rain, rain will come, just in time. In the night when people are sleeping, the rain falls silently and carefully, and unconsciously melts into the earth with tenderness, turning it into the luster and bright color of life, which is beneficial to moistening things silently. Rain is not only a spring rain, but also a good rain. It knows people's wishes and touches people's hearts, so it is pleasant. Although the word "hi" in the title does not appear in the poem, the meaning of "hi" is in the air. ”[2]

Examples of the same kind are: "Two birds come to occupy the bamboo after the rain, and a butterfly looks for flowers in autumn" (Wen Tong's "After the Rain in Northern Zhai"); "No one sees the rain in the west window, and the heart of a banana shows several feet" (the first part of Wang Zao's Two Stories about Things); "The mountains and rivers are white, and the rain is like smoke in the sound of rules" (Weng Juan's "Country April"); "Spring rains add flowers, and spring flowers move mountains" (Qin Guan's Good Things Close). These poems and sentences are clearly written and lovely, giving people pleasure. We can read the brilliance of life and the vitality and hope of life from it.

Second, the bitter rain-Chu Tianzhi is long, hazy and rainy, and Song Yu has no worries.

The past is like smoke, and life is short. "The fortunes are uneven, and life is at stake." When the poet is sad about spring, autumn and parting, he doesn't hate and is lonely and helpless, the rain floats down and becomes a natural image that is most suitable for literati's frustration and sadness, with specific emotional connotation. Such examples are common in Tang and Song poetry, which are listed as follows:

Bai Juyi's Shang Yang White Haired Man: "Worrying about the shadow on the back wall of the lamp, the dark rain rustles against the window." Jiang Baishi's "Red Lips": "Several peaks are bitter, and Shang Lue has yellow rain." Su Shi's "Huanxisha": "The rain is weeping." Li Jing's "Huanxisha": "The bluebird doesn't spread the news outside the cloud, and the lilacs are sad in the rain." He Zhu's Half-dead Child: "Lying in an empty bed and listening to the rain from the south window." Su Zhe's "Two Nights in Xiaoyao Hall" is the second song: "I can't breathe when I am trapped in the north window, and the wind blows pine and bamboo and rains sadly." Xu Hun's "Farewell to Xie Ting": "The sunset is far from waking up, and it is raining all over the sky." Dai Shulun's Suxi Pavilion: "Yan did not return in the Spring Festival Evening, and a misty rain chilled the apricot blossoms." Li Yu's Waves on the Sand: "The rain outside the curtain is gurgling, and the spring scenery is fading." When my cousin Lu Lun came to spend the night, by Sikong Shu: Raindrops brighten the yellow leaves, and lights illuminate my bald head. Wang Changling's Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Inn: "When you enter Wu on a cold rainy night, Chushan will see the guests off." Wen Tingyun's "More Leaks": "The phoenix tree rains in the middle of the night, and it is bitter not to leave love. A leaf, a voice, and empty footsteps fall into the light. "

As can be seen from the above examples, bitter rain is often associated with feelings such as sadness, resentment and sadness. The seasons are mostly spring and autumn, and the time is mainly dusk and night. Spring rain is continuous, and autumn rain is continuous. When countless red flowers have fallen, spring has gone in a hurry, the hate platform howls, yellow leaves fall, the sun sets, the night is quiet, and the rain seems to understand people's feelings, and it also hits people's hearts one by one. The poet had mixed feelings, and tears and sadness poured out together, which was heartbreaking to read.

Third, the elegant rain-the rain brought by the spring tide comes late, comes and goes in a hurry, and there is no boat to cross the field.

In the Tang Dynasty, Si Kongtu's interpretation of "elegance" in "Poetry" is: "The jade pot is set in spring, the hut enjoys the rain, the class sits in the middle, and bamboo is cultivated around. White clouds are clear, birds contend, the piano sleeps in the shade, and there are waterfalls on the ground. The fallen flowers are silent, and people are as pale as chrysanthemums. [3] Mr. Guo Shaoyu said: "Enjoy the rain in the hut, live in seclusion, and see its elegance." [4] China literati have the magnanimity to love rain, which is the need of emotional expression and the pursuit of an elegant artistic conception of life. Take Wei's Xixi Chuzhou as an example;

Alone, grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing on the trees.

The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing.

There are clusters of lovely grass beside the mountain stream, and orioles sing leisurely in the forest. In the evening, the spring rain is falling, the tide rises and falls, no one crosses the field, and the boat is lost. The poet's love and appreciation for the natural existence of wild things embodies a leisurely and elegant attitude towards life and is fascinating.

Let's look at a poem by Jiang Kui in the Southern Song Dynasty, "Ping Fu sees what he wants and doesn't go":

When I grow up, I am no longer in the mood to listen to the hurried strings; Sick, not suitable for drinking and feasting.

Life is alive, and it is rare to encounter good rain before the summer heat this autumn; When enjoying the cool, please let me stay at home with a warm pillow.

One day in late summer and early autumn, Zhang Pingfu, as a close friend, invited a poet to dinner. The poet didn't want to go because the "old man" didn't want to listen to orchestra and couldn't drink a glass of wine because of illness. His answer was clever and appropriate. But the real reason for the poet's "unwillingness to go" is: "Life seldom rains before autumn, so I beg for white sleep." "Rain before autumn" is the rain in late summer. It is most pleasant to enjoy the cool in summer. Today I finally met this "rain before autumn". Let me stay in my quiet room and sleep comfortably for a while! Lv Benzhong's Wei Zi Shi Hua once praised a quatrain by Lv Xizhe: "It is easy to stop reading old literature, but it is better to stop knowing after illness. On the bamboo bed, you can lie on the pillow and watch the back of Jiang Nanyu. ". These two poems have the same life intention and pursuit. No wonder Mr. Qian Zhongshu said, "If Jiang Kui doesn't remember this poem when he wrote it, we will remember it when we read it." [5]

There are many such examples. For example, Lu You: "Before I finish the Tao poem, I will lie down and read it, and then it will rain lightly and hoe melons" ("Four Poems in a Small Garden"); Zhang Lei: "The sun sets in the west, the north wind blows and rains, and several peaks are covered with thin clouds" ("Seeing Songshan at first sight"); Wang Zao: "A hundred hectares of wind and smoke hook the curtain, lying in the blue clouds to watch the rain" (the second part of "Two Things"); Xu Fu: "The bridge is broken in the spring rain, and the ship leaves Liu Yin" ("Spring Day on the Lake"); Wei Zhuang: "Spring water is brighter than dawn, painting a boat and listening to the rain" (Bodhisattva Xia); Wen Tingyun: "Heavy rain in xian yangqiao, fishing boats are separated by ten thousand points" ("Xianyang Value Rain"); Sun Yong: "The ferry calls the boatman to be independent, and it is a misty rain and wet dusk" (the first of two songs in Wumen Road). These poems and songs are simple and elegant, elegant and elegant, which accords with the aesthetic taste of traditional literati. China's ancient aesthetics is actually a kind of life aesthetics, which is people-centered, and pays great attention to how people surpass themselves, promote spiritual life and enhance life existence in real life. Influenced by this, poets in Tang and Song Dynasties explored and pursued the free aesthetic extreme of life, yearned for and pursued the artistic existence of life, and people lived poetically and leisurely as wild cranes. We can say that the drizzle in the literary world is the serenity and comfort emerging from the poet's mouth. Under the infiltration of drizzle, the poet's mind reveals elegance and comfort away from the noise.

Fourth, Zen rain-bamboo shoes are lighter than horses, who is afraid? Spend a life covered with straw in fog and rain.

Rain cleanses the space world and the human spiritual world. The poet's strength, heart and interest were washed away in the coolness of the rain, and the poet realized a certain philosophy of life in his meditation on the rain, thus making the rain a bit like a Zen master.

Please look at the poem Ding Fengbo by Su Shi, a great poet in the Song Dynasty:

Don't pay attention to the beating rain in the forest. Mei sings a long whistle and walks leisurely. Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of? A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life. The cold spring breeze woke me up, and the weather was a little cold, but the mountains caught my eye with oblique photos. Looking back at the bleak land, there is no wind, no rain and no eyes.

This word was written when Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou. The author used the ordinary experience of encountering rain to explain the extraordinary philosophy of life, which reflected the author's unique feelings in life: whether it is the ups and downs of nature or the ups and downs of honor and disgrace in real life, we can treat it casually and ignore it. Here, with the help of the concrete image of "rain", the poet introduced life into the Zen-like tranquility of forgetting gains and losses and being detached from things.

Another song "Young Beauty Listening to the Rain" by Jie Jiang, a poet of the Song Dynasty, uses the expression technique of time and space jumping, selects three life pictures, and runs through them with the clue of "listening to the rain" to express the sigh after learning from a painful experience in life.

Listening to the rain song upstairs, the red candle is faint. In the prime of life, the boat is listening to the rain, and the wild geese in the river are called the west wind. Now listening to the rain monk Lu, there are stars on his temples. Sorrow and joy are always ruthless until dawn.

Listening to the rain, the realm is different, and the feelings are different. Teenagers are romantic, chasing joy and laughing; The prime of life is bumpy and wandering around the world; Now my temples are gray and I am old. I'm tired of lying in the monk's house listening to the rain all night. From then on, my heart is like a dry well, and my thoughts are silent. "Sorrow and joy are always ruthless", and rain will never lift any emotional waves until dawn. In the author's works, "listening to the rain" has become an unspeakable symbol of life realm.

Yue's poem "Listening to the Rain" is also meaningful:

Zhu Zhai sleeps and listens to the rain, and moss grows in dreams.

Opposite the lonely mountain, idle birds don't guess.

The poet fell asleep in the rain and even grew moss in his dream. His mind and body were so calm that he never even doubted birds. In the realm of listening to the rain, the poet lost himself in "things", his body and mind were completely materialized, and the world no longer existed. Rain brings people from the noisy world into poetic habitation. Although there is no word Zen, Zen can be seen everywhere. There are many poems of this type. Just like the array, Zhongshu: "If you read the word' harmony' carefully, you will lose your age. Scattered a curtain of rain, full of flowers. I was addicted to old poems and returned home after a spring dream. Ten years later, I counted the crows on the staff. " Ji Yun's evaluation of this poem in Qing Dynasty is that "the whole body is clean and old, and the knot is delicious." [6] Another example is Li Shangyin: "Autumn frost flies late, leaving a dead lotus to listen to the rain" ("Luo Suting sends Cui"); Bai Juyi: "On a cold night in Sanqiu, an old man is at ease. Sleep late after lights out, and sleep in the beautiful rain (Sleeping in Autumn Night); Wang Anshi: "The autumn shade in Jiangbei is half open, and the night clouds contain rain, but they are lingering. There is no road surrounded by green hills, and suddenly I see Qian Fan looming "(On the River). The poet expresses the empty, quiet, idle and light artistic atmosphere with the help of the rain image, which profoundly embodies the Zen meaning of "solvable but insoluble". The ontology of life and the ontology of the universe are integrated into one, and everything goes with fate. It is natural and comfortable, and has a vibrant free realm in peace and distance, which is ethereal and spiritually empty. This is the so-called "not writing" to achieve the purpose of enlightenment.

To sum up, the image of "rain" in Tang and Song poetry is the product of the combination of the poet's subjective feelings and objective images. The life realm and attitude of the literati reflected by this combination are consistent with the traditional tranquil character of the Chinese nation. As we all know, the western nation is active and the Chinese nation is quiet. It is this quiet personality that makes the ancient people in China have the conditions to look at everything and their hearts, so they have a richer and more delicate emotional experience and feelings about natural images. Influenced by traditional cultural psychology, China literati have always attached importance to the poetic pursuit of life, emphasizing the cultivation of their own souls, and paying attention to their inner feelings and experiences in the way of thinking and knowledge structure. It can be said that the image of "rain" was combined and touched by the inner feelings of poets in Tang and Song Dynasties, which fully externalized the main feelings and gave readers a brand-new aesthetic feeling. The rich life implication contained in the image of "rain" is very enlightening. There is joy in the rain, sadness in the rain, elegance in the rain and meditation in the rain. Rain left a vast lyrical space for the poet's life, and every experience gave people a fresh and huge psychological shock.