Did Kang Youwei really steal ancient classics in Xi 'an?

"In the Wolong Temple in Ann, all the Tibetan scriptures donated by the Qin Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty were recently seized by Kang Youwei by coercive means. After everyone was taken away by the car, the crowd was extremely angry ... Kang said, dare the court subpoena me? When Deng, Kang's accompanying disciple, saw that Shaanxi people insisted on getting it back, he said angrily that if the Tibetan scriptures were firmly blocked, they were not allowed to be shipped out. It would rather be burned than returned. Hearing this, Shaanxi people get angrier. "

This is the text published in June 1924 65438+ 10/2, the third edition of Shenbao, which reported that Kang Youwei was suspected of stealing ancient books and classics in Xi 'an.

This matter has a great influence.

1924 65438+1October 29th, Shuntian Times, which is far away from Beijing, reported that Kang Youwei went to Hunan and Hubei with the title "Kang Youwei, a saint who stole scriptures, traveled back and forth to Hunan and Hubei".

Mr. Liang Shuming said in "Remembering the Past Years and Talking about the Old Records": "During his stay in An, he often went to Wolong Temple. One day, he learned from a conversation with monks that Kang Youwei had been to this temple and took some Buddhist scriptures collected in the temple as his own. Kang Youwei is famous all over the world, but monks dare to be angry and dare not speak. I was deeply wronged to hear about it. After returning to Beijing, I paid a special visit to Huang Yuansheng and asked him to make suggestions on safeguarding the rights and interests of Wolong Temple according to law ... "

After Kang Youwei died of illness, Jin Gangzuan magazine specially added "Suddenly Shaanxi" when it released the news, and attached a comment that "the sage dies, the thief stops" (the author is not a saint).

Photo: Xu Beihong's "Joy of Kang Nanhai"

In a word, almost all of them have been finalized, but after careful analysis, the statements of all parties are full of loopholes. For example, why did Ming Chengzu give Wolong Temple a Song version? Another example is the year 19 12 recorded by Liang Shuming. Kang Youwei was still abroad.

Under the scary label of "saints stealing scriptures", there are too many details that make people intrigue.

20 years of life is like a dream.

19 13 12, 56-year-old Kang Youwei ended 16' s exile and returned to Nanhai, Guangdong. In July of the following year, I came to Shanghai and rented a new garden (originally a Jew named Xinxi, and later returned to Sheng Xuanhuai). Monthly rent 120 silver, * * * lived for 8 years.

Kang Youwei's mentality at this time has gradually become negative, such as Confucianism planned by him and presided over by his disciples, Mai, Shen, Chen and Liang Dingfen. After the establishment of the association, there was no chairman for more than a year. After repeated urging, Kang reluctantly took office in 19 13, but he resigned twice in 19 14 and19/5, and did not even attend the annual Qufu Confucius Conference (Kang Yisheng only attended once.

Kang Youwei is in close contact with Shen. Shen is a great scholar, and his grandfather Shen Weiqi is Zeng Guofan's teacher. Chen Zengju said in "The Restoration of Meditation": "In the old society, many officials lived in Shanghai ... Everyone had a secret meeting and gathered in the teachers' residence of Shenyang No.1 Factory (Shenyang No.2 Factory)."

Kang Youwei and Shen are optimistic about Zhang Xun. Because Kang hated Yuan Shikai, he once wrote a letter satirizing him: "After he became a big president, the regime became autocratic, and those who were too bossy ... were extremely dictatorial."

Kang Youwei also had contacts with Xu Shichang, Feng and Duan. He once wrote to Xu Shichang: "Self-interest will be restored to Di Lianggong ... It is Di Lianggong, who knows that Gong is really present, 300 meters away from the dance." Emperor Liang Gong, the emperor, was reused by Wu Zetian, secretly laying the foundation for the restoration of the Tang room. Kang Youwei suggested that Xu Shichang restore the Qing room.

1965438+In June 2006, Yuan Shikai died suddenly.

19 17 June, the restoration, Kang Youwei and Shen arrived in Beijing by train, which is close to the beginning of the 1898 Reform Movement 20 years ago. When he recovered, he said, "I have been away from home for twenty years. How can I know that I was born at home?"

Became Xu Shichang's "concubine"

Xun Zhang

Liang Qichao once said: "I don't know whether (Kang Youwei) can become a great politician. Although he is a great educator, this is very clear. " Kang Youwei defected to Zhang Xun only for his educational dream.

According to Ye Gongchuo, former Minister of Communications of Beiyang Government, Kang Youwei took a box of textbooks with him when he went to Beijing. Later, someone slandered Zhang Xun, saying that he was only a director of the Ministry of Industry in the Qing Dynasty, so he only gave it to Vice President Bi. Kang was furious and added a top hat. "

According to Wang Jingya, a scholar, Kang Youwei went to Beijing almost every day, and there were 10 letters that were not used. In the Detailed Record of Restoration, Zhang Yi said: "We just use his name as a title, and the important events here have already been decided."

Xu Zhijing, one of the former leaders of the Reform Party, said to Kang Youwei, "I heard that you want to be the vice president of Bi, and the principal is Xu Shichang. He is Yuan Shikai's best friend. If you are his concubine, I feel sorry for you. "

Kang Youwei advocates "virtual monarch" and thinks that only by establishing the spiritual idol of "real monarch, unparalleled and literate" can we avoid war and achieve * * * harmony, which is unattractive for Zhang Xun who wants to restore the monarchy in an all-round way.

Zhang Xun's recovery only lasted 65,438+02 days. To Kang Youwei's shock, Duan actually listed him as the second on the wanted list, and Duan's declaration of seeking inversion was written by former disciple Liang Qichao, among whom Kang Youwei was called "a scholar who boasted, suffered from political difficulties and knew nothing".

When Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, the relationship between Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao was once eased. Kang Youwei mortgaged his private house in Guangdong to raise money for Yuan Jun ... Kang wrote a poem about Liang: "The owl eats the mother and eats the father, and the tiger dances in the fields to keep the customs. Feng Meng bows and shoots arrows, sitting and watching the sun shed tears. "

Wu bowed to him three times.

After this setback, Kang Youwei became more reclusive.

From 19 18, Kang Youwei began to purchase land in Maoshan (near Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province) and set up a farmer company. Kang's grandfather's name is Zanxiu, and his father's name is Shaonong, each with a word as the company name.

Kang Youwei's indifference to fame and fortune in his later years is related to his mother's teachings in the past. Kang Youwei recalled: "Without reading, there is no sense of being an official and I don't want to take the imperial examination. Mother is strong, saying that your ancestors look up to you with Kodi, and you must not violate it. But Guangxu B didn't become a scholar, so he said: My career is dangerous, so I have to come to see you often, so I can't be an official.

Kang Youwei has bought five or six hundred mu of land and sent his disciple Wu Ling to manage it. Wu is an engineering student who is good at drawing. After half a year, Kang said, "This man is nothing but measuring." Yi's relatives, He Zhanyou, and his master, Chen Sinan, were all useless people, and as a result, they lost tens of thousands.

192 1 year, Kang Youwei bought 10 mu of land in Shanghai British Concession, built a "Lu Cun Tour" in imitation of Xinjiayuan, and bought 400 cherry blossoms from Japan. 1922 A villa one-day garden covering an area of 30 mu was built in Hangzhou.

Kang Youwei has five wives and concubines, six unmarried children, 10 more than 30 maids. In addition, 10-30 diners often live here, eating a stone of rice every four days (176 kg). According to the statistics of scholar Chen Mingyuan, the Kang family spends more than 20,000 silver dollars every year.

Although he earned money by selling words and collections, he could not make ends meet, which may be the reason why Kang Youwei frequently wandered among warlords in his later years.

1On April 22nd, 923, Wu celebrated his 50th birthday, and Kang Youwei went to Luoyang to celebrate his birthday three days earlier. Wu used to be a handsome talent (whose reputation was later deleted), and he was arty. Kang Youwei presented a pair of birthday couplets: "Konoha's youth is heroic, and it is only half a century since he was a hundred years old;" Luoyang is watching, and wind and rain will meet in Zhongzhou. " Wu Xiangkang bowed and wrote to introduce him to Shaanxi.

Sages always get what they deserve.

At this time, Shaanxi was occupied by warlord Liu Zhenhua, and Liu made his fortune in Henan, belonging to the direct line and having an old friendship with Wu. After entering Shaanxi, he was whipped and resented by the people.

1922 In March, due to the deduction of education funds, Shaanxi education circles launched the "Drive Liu Movement", Shaanxi representatives went to Beijing to "complain", and Liu Zhenhua proposed to run Northwest University to calm down the discussion. When he asked about the cost of running a university, he said with emotion, "You can run a university without practicing a league. What are the difficulties! "

Knowing that Kang Youwei had entered Shaanxi, Liu Zhenhua decided to make a fuss.

19231010.30, Kang Youwei just arrived in Tongguan and was immediately picked up by someone sent by Liu Zhenhua. He visited Huashan first, and then re-entered Xi 'an. When he entered the city, Liu Zhenhua personally led celebrities from all walks of life to meet him in the suburbs outside the East Gate, and citizens shouted "saints" along the way. Liu also asked Kang to write a plaque for Northwest University.