I have learned a lot: Is the "Qing version" of the Forbidden City really different from the "Ming version" of the Forbidden City?

The overall layout of Beijing Miyagi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was formed in the Ming Dynasty, but most of the existing buildings were in the Qing Dynasty, and some of them were properly transformed. The Qing Dynasty settled in the Central Plains, inherited and respected the ruins of the Ming Palace, and gradually restored and improved them.

In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng was defeated by a stone. After returning to Beijing, he proclaimed himself emperor in Wuying Hall of the Forbidden City. That night, he burned down some palaces in Beijing and led the army to Xi 'an. In September of the same year, when the emperor shunzhi was driving in Beijing, he had to go to the pole, send a letter, and grant amnesty at Yumen as a temporary permanent residence. Subsequently, the Qing dynasty began to gradually rebuild the palace que on the basis of the original palace buildings, and it was not until the middle of Kangxi that the palace complex of the Forbidden City basically returned to the regulation of the early Ming Dynasty. In the Qianlong era, the construction of the Forbidden City was no longer limited to restoring its old appearance, but had many transformations. Such as Ganxi No.5, transformed into China Palace and Fu Jian Palace Garden; Ningshou Palace has added a main hall, a post-sleeping health hall, a happy birthday hall, a stage and a garden, and the Xiefang Hall has been transformed into the South Third Hall. Newly built Shoukang Palace, Yuhua Pavilion and Wenyuan Pavilion. There are five pavilions on Jingshan Mountain, the Qiwang Building in front of the mountain, and the Shouhuang Hall moved to the north axis of Jingshan Mountain.

In a word, while further strengthening the artistic space effect of the axis of the Forbidden City, it changed the palace pattern formed in the Ming Dynasty to meet the needs of the court at that time. Palace buildings in Qianlong period dared to go out of Ming Dynasty in form and content, and pursued magnificence in decoration, which enriched the style of the Forbidden City. After Qianlong, there were few additions in each dynasty, all for repair or reconstruction, and even palaces were idle and destroyed.

The palaces and gates of foreign dynasties were basically restored according to the old system of the Ming Dynasty, but there were some minor changes. As a result of accepting the historical lesson that the three halls of the foreign court caught fire several times in the early Ming Dynasty, the halls, pavilions and corridors were destroyed. After the fire in the eighteenth year of Kangxi, it was rebuilt in the thirty-fourth year. The sloping cloisters on both sides of the Hall of Supreme Harmony and the Hall of Baohe were changed into stepped stacked walls, and seven volcanic walls were added at the east-west junction in front of the Hall of Baohe, which were divided into six sections. At the same time, an uphill wall was built at the east-west junction in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony to separate the left-wing gate, the right-wing gate, the Tiren Pavilion and the Hongyi Pavilion. All these measures are taken to prevent the fire from spreading. For the same reason, the sloping corridors on both sides of Gan Qing Palace and Kunning Palace were also cancelled and replaced by stacked walls.

The depth of the east and west rooms in front of Taihe Gate has decreased, and the number of rooms has increased. In the Ming Dynasty, there were 40 rooms in the east and west, and there were 13 rooms in the north and south of Xiehemen and Xihemen. Now there are 13 rooms in each room. The positions of Zhonghe Hall and Baohe Hall in the three main halls are also suspected to have changed. The existing Zhonghe Hall is located in the north of the center of the I-shaped three-story platform. The two sides of the hall are not aligned with the center of the platform, and the position of Baohe Hall has also been pushed to the north edge of the platform. In the Ming Dynasty, after the completion of the Polar Hall (Baohe Hall), there was still an important palace gate-Yuntai Gate. The left and right doors of Yuntai are called the left and right doors of Yuntai, and the ground is also called the platform. In the Ming Dynasty, cabinet ministers and other officials were often called to the platform, and the door was set on the three-story platform. With the present layout of Baohe Hall, it is impossible to decorate this door. It is estimated that the location of Jianji Hall in Ming Dynasty may have moved south several times, which is symmetrical with the plane of I-shaped abutment. From the use point of view, it is also conducive to increasing the space of the square in front of the three halls and arranging more spacious ceremonies.

The location of Kunning Gate in the Ming Dynasty's harem was in Jin Shun Town Gate, that is, the harem garden was wrapped by the wall of the harem and became a whole with the palace garden. Today, Kunning Gate is a veranda, which is called Entertainment Zhai. When it was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty, the Kunning Gate was moved to the outside of the veranda, and east and west board houses were added to the left and right of the gate as the residence for eunuchs, making the imperial garden an independent palace.

In the Ming Dynasty, the Palace of Kunning was the queen's daily living place. When it was built in the 12th year of Qing Shunzhi, it was changed into a place for offering sacrifices to gods and weddings of emperors according to the old system of Qing Ning Palace in Shengjing (now Shenyang, Liaoning). The plane of Kunning Palace is seven bays, surrounded by cloisters, which are arranged asymmetrically. There are two rooms in the East Nuange, which is the emperor's favorite room, three rooms in the west and a shrine in the middle, with four rooms. The main entrance is opened in the east room, and the partition door is changed into a wooden door. According to Manchu custom, there is a cross kang along the north, southwest and three sides of the shrine, commonly known as "pocket residence". On the east side of the north wall, there are cauldrons and meat cases for cooking sacrificial meat, and the windows have also been changed to hanging windows. There is a 4-meter-high sacrificial column on the east side of the front platform of the palace. Every year on the second day of the Lunar New Year and in the spring and autumn, a big sacrifice is held in Kunning Palace, with a cauldron of cook the meat. Captives and ministers at home and abroad all entered the palace to salute. In the Qing Dynasty, Kunning Palace was no longer a bedroom, but a shrine building.

In Miyagi Palace in Ming Dynasty, Gan Qing Palace and Kunning Palace were the centers of purple, with six palaces on the left and right as auxiliary wings. In the north of the East-West Six Palaces, there are five sub-palaces for the prince and grandson to live in, which are called East Room 5 and West Room 5. On the basis of the buildings in Kangxi period, Ganxi No.5 was transformed into palace buildings such as China Palace, Shufangzhai and Fu Jian Palace Garden, which changed a lot.

Gandong No.5 is the residence of the prince and grandson, where Jiaqing lived when he was a prince. Among them, Tousuo was the residence of the Prince from the 14th year to the Jiaqing year, but since then, it has changed its nature of use, namely Ruyi Pavilion, Shou Pharmacy, Jing Room, Sizhi Warehouse and Antique Room. Ruyi Pavilion is a painting academy in the court. Originally located in the office on the east side of Cining Garden on Xima Road. Perhaps during the Guangxu period, Empress Dowager Cixi liked art, vigorously restored Ruyi Pavilion and moved to Gandongtou.