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What does stamen mean?

Stamens are a part of flowers, which are divided into pistils and stamens. Take peony as an example, the pistil is located in the center of the flower heart and looks like a small pomegranate. The longer it grows, the more it splits, and it has formed a large petal shape when it blooms. Stamens are located around the pistil. When the pistil just opens, it is plump, neatly arranged and yellow. The pistil is exposed at the full flowering stage, which is more elastic than the initial flowering stage, and the color is pale yellow. When it will fade, the core will gradually dry and curl, and the color of the core is milky yellow. Stamens consist of pistils and filaments (whiskers). The flower heart on the silk is connected to the head, which looks like a grain of rice.

Extended data

structure

1, filament

The stalk at the base of the pistil supports and stretches the anthers. Generally slender as silk, but also flat as ribbon, or completely disappeared, or deformed into petals. The length, separation or combination of filaments vary with plant species. Filaments of the same flower are usually equal in length.

But there are filaments of different lengths in the same flower. For example, in the flowers of Cruciferae plants, six stamens are divided into two rounds, the filaments of the two stamens in the outer round are shorter, and the four stamens in the inner round are longer, which is called four strong stamens; In the flowers of Labiatae and Scrophulariaceae, the filaments of four stamens are two long and two short, which are called two-type stamens.

Filaments are usually separated from each other, but some of them are partially or completely connected together. For example, the filaments of cotton are connected into a bundle and are tubular, which is called monomeric stamens; The filaments of Vicia faba and Robinia pseudoacacia are combined into two bundles, which are called dimorphic stamens; The filaments of castor are connected into bundles, which are called polyploid stamens.

2. Anthers

The swollen sac at the tip of a filament. It is often divided into two drug compartments by drug compartments, and each drug compartment has 1 or 2 pollen sacs. Pollen sac is the place where pollen is produced. The anther wall consists of epidermis, fibrous layer, middle layer and tapetum.

Tapetum is a special cell layer around pollen sac, which has a binuclear or multinuclear structure, contains more RNA and protein, and contains nutrients such as oil and carotenoids, and has the function of supplying nutrients needed for pollen grain development. When the pollen matures, the pollen sac spontaneously cracks and releases the pollen.

According to the way of anther attachment to filament, it can be divided into full attachment type (all anthers are attached to filament, such as lotus) and bottom attachment type (anthers are attached to the top of filament at the base, such as sedge, etc.) ), drug-carrying type, T-type attachment type (anther lying horizontally, attached to the top of filament, with a little in the center of back, such as lily, rice, etc. ). The stamens and filaments of compositae plants are separated and the anthers are combined, which is called polyandry stamens.

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