What can a third-grade child write in an observation diary? What is the order of observation and how to treat it differently?

How to motivate children to keep a diary?

First, reduce the burden of schoolwork and change the form of homework.

In recent years, our class's homework has tried to abandon the "single mechanical copying" in the past and changed to a variety of innovative, creative and flexible diaries.

Second, encourage the writing of characteristic diaries.

(1) illustrated diary. This is an interesting way to keep a diary with pictures and words. Imagine a vivid and fluent diary with a colorful flower, a green leaf or a small animal and a flexible font title, which can arouse great enthusiasm and interest of young authors.

(2) extract the diary. Professor Radzenskaya of the Soviet Union said: "Training children to collect materials from books is, in a sense, training them to live." So I usually sort out diary excerpts every week. Such as "famous sayings", "celebrity archives", "encyclopedia of life knowledge", "anecdotes", "current affairs column", "good dictionary" and "good sentence library", make diaries an inexhaustible treasure house for students to exercise in the future.

(3) Imagine a diary. It can provide the imagination of words, sentences or situations to write a diary, which opens a fresh and inexhaustible source for the diary.

(4) Interview diary. I ask students to interview my mother's childhood, and then instruct them to write "My mother's childhood" in their diaries, which can not only stimulate students' interest, but also enhance the communication between students and their parents.

(5) read and write diaries. In diary teaching, I often design a series of "using books as a springboard for diary practice" for students. For example, after learning Wang Anshi's Plum Blossom, let students have a direct dialogue with Plum Blossom in their diaries; After learning that swallows cross the sea, ask the students to write a letter to those who often hurt beneficial birds in their diaries. The introduction of this reading and writing method combined with diary makes students full of interest and feel that "there is a pocket of savings in the chest, and it will naturally be easy when writing."

(6) cooperation diary. In diary teaching, I often change the old practice of always letting students go home and write diaries independently, and try to let students write diaries collectively from time to time. Students keep a "cooperative diary" in a good environment and changing seating patterns. Thus, a relaxed and happy psychological environment and a learning atmosphere of mutual learning and competition are created, which greatly stimulates students' interest in keeping diaries and improves their writing ability.

External a:

Starting with interest, cultivate students' ability to keep a diary

The writing requirements of Chinese Curriculum Standard for junior students are: be interested in writing, write what you want to say, write what you imagine, and write your own understanding and feelings about things around you. After the students mastered Pinyin in the first semester of Senior One, I began to instruct students to keep diaries in Chinese Pinyin. According to the characteristics of junior students' small vocabulary, poor observation ability, naive understanding of problems and insufficient language, based on cultivating students' interest in keeping diaries, I gradually carry out knowledge infiltration and method teaching to cultivate students' observation ability and writing ability.

First, create various scenarios and teach students how to keep a diary.

Junior students are lively and curious, and love to talk and do, but they don't know how to observe and write about things around them. In order to enable them to write what they have seen, heard, thought and done in an orderly way into a paragraph, I have carried out a variety of activities, skillfully putting diary teaching in interesting activities in the form that students like, mobilizing students' enthusiasm and teaching them how to keep a diary.

1, speak first and then write.

Spoken language is the basis of written language. I actively guide students to practice oral English, thus laying a solid foundation for writing a good diary. After the students mastered the reading and writing syllables, I consciously knew that the students were talking about writing. For example, ask students to talk about what they saw on the road today, what they heard from others, and what they saw and heard on TV and radio. Because all this starts from the life that students are most familiar with, from the simplest sentence, students can basically speak it fluently and completely. With the encouragement of teachers, students are interested in what they say. This is to let students turn spoken language into written language, which is easy for students to accept. Once, after the syllable scanning test, I asked the students to discuss their feelings about learning syllables. Someone said, "I'm glad I can read syllables." Some said, "Mom is very happy to see that I can read stories. I am also very happy to boast. " "I can read a book. I will study hard and read more books in the future. " ..... Seeing the children in high spirits, I said, "The students spoke very well. If you don't write this passage down, it will be a good diary. " The students listened happily and wrote. Since then, I often encourage my children to write down what they are interested in and form a good habit of keeping a diary.

2. Read before writing

Children in lower grades are curious and always touch and ask about things they have never seen before. When you come to the street, you look around. According to this, I give targeted guidance to primary school students on how to observe things, so that students can learn to observe things purposefully and orderly. For example, one day, when spring was blooming and the sun was shining, I led my classmates to the playground to find spring. Through observation, students and children found that in warm weather, poplar with tender leaves is like a big umbrella covered with green velvet; The winter jasmine blooms and is dazzling red; The grass on the roadside is also bright green. How beautiful spring is! Teachers' intentional guidance and students' careful observation bring students not only surprises, but also gains. I remember once, as soon as the bell rang, I took out a bottle from under the lecture table, and my classmates immediately shouted, "Tadpole!" " ""Yes, today the teacher invited these tadpoles to make friends with you, ok? " "good! "The children are very enthusiastic and have a great interest in tadpoles. Then I guide them step by step, and let the children naturally tell the color, shape and living habits of tadpoles. In just ten minutes, the students have been able to write a vivid observation diary.

Through guidance and practice, students learned how to write about landscapes and small animals. In the future, furry chickens, flying swallows, intermittent light rain and winter wrapped in silver have become things that children are willing to see and write.

Step 3 do it before writing

Children in lower grades are lively and active. I often take them to play, take the method of doing first and then writing, and guide students to write diaries. For example, if you play a "challenge competition", let the students take the initiative to perform on stage: singing, dancing, martial arts, poetry reading ... the children are very involved on stage and off stage. After the activity, everyone sat down quietly and recalled: When, where and who participated in the activity? Which students took part in the competition? What programs were performed? What was the result of the game? How do you feel? This step-by-step instruction enables students to finish their diaries happily. After tug-of-war and New Year's Day, I used the same method to guide my classmates to write diaries, so that they naturally mastered the writing of diaries.

Second, various forms of comments to improve students' appreciation ability

In order to broaden students' thinking and improve their level of writing diaries, I pay attention to commenting on students' diaries. In the comments, in addition to face-to-face criticism, I also adopted many other forms, which not only stimulated students' interest in writing diaries, but also improved their appreciation of diaries. The forms of evaluation mainly include:

1, show yourself

In order to give every student a chance to show himself and inspire every student's enthusiasm for writing diaries, I use morning reading for ten minutes every day to let every student read diaries in a planned way. Yang wrote such a diary: "Today, my mother was ill and my father took me home. Seeing that my mother was ill, I gave her medicine and she smiled. Although there are some repeated sentences in the diary, I still praise her for reading aloud with emotion: "Yang is considerate of her mother and wrote it down, which is very good." Everyone applauded him. " Seeing that his diary has been recognized by teachers and classmates, Yang's face is filled with the joy of success. In "self-presentation", we should be aware of the shortcomings in students' diaries, praise them in time when we find the advantages, stimulate students' interest in keeping diaries, and guide them to learn the advantages of others.

2. Collective "negotiation"

In order to improve the quality of students' diaries, the teacher corrects and listens to diaries every day, which not only praises the advantages of students at that time, but also understands the shortcomings of students' diaries. Combined with the situation that teachers usually encounter when correcting diaries, I will give individual guidance on individual problems. For those problems such as "not using punctuation marks" and "writing a running account", I will lead students to conduct collective "consultation". For example, I led the students to "consult" such a "sick article":

It's windy today, and the wind makes the young trees sway from side to side. The wind made the pedestrians on the road lift their heads, and the wind knocked down dad's bike. But no matter how windy it is, I will insist on going to school.

First of all, according to the requirement of pausing in the sentence, I asked the students to read the "sick article" by name, and other students carefully diagnosed what "sick" was. Looking at the students' blushing faces, the students suddenly found the reason: there were no punctuation marks in the middle part. After punctuation, ask another student to read aloud, pay attention to slow down and read the words clearly. This inspires students' thinking not only visually but also audibly. Seeing and hearing clearly, students can easily find another reason: the word "wind" is used too much in their diaries. "Then how to change it?" After research and discussion, it is agreed that the two "winds" can be left behind and the other "wind" can be omitted. I asked the students to read the diary again to see if all their illnesses were cured. Finally, the students further processed the "sick strips". Some students modified it like this:

It is windy today. The wind swayed the young trees from side to side. Pedestrians on the road couldn't lift their heads, and dad's bike was blown down. But no matter how windy it is, I will insist on going to school.

After the "consultation", I told my classmates to use punctuation marks in their diaries: names of people or other things should not be used too much, and sometimes "he" or "it" can be used instead. This kind of "consultation" has indeed received the effect of correcting a little and benefiting a lot.

3. Appreciation of works

Because students have different observation points and ideas, their writing ability is also different. In order to make students learn from each other's strong points, I will take a class every Friday afternoon to hold a "work appreciation meeting". According to my usual reading situation, I choose excellent diaries for students to read before going on stage, and tell my own writing process, exchange experiences and inspire others. Through the reading and speaking of students' statements, other students improve their writing ability invisibly through appreciation. Usually, I will write encouraging words to every diary of my children, such as "You will be a great little writer." "You are very talented in writing, as long as you are willing to work hard!" And so on. The children are very happy and the parents are very moved. Many parents also pick up pens to cheer up their children in their diaries and enjoy their masterpieces with teachers. In order to write a better diary, the students in the class also read widely, and their interest in reading is getting stronger and stronger, and the level of keeping a diary is also improving rapidly.

In addition, through self-criticism, self-revision, group review, diary exhibition and other forms, let students actively participate, so as to achieve the purpose of commenting.