There are no rocket launchers on the moon. How did astronauts return to the moon?

Astronauts under the eagle lunar module

There is a common problem on the internet: there is no launch site or launch pad on the moon. How did astronauts leave the moon and return to earth? This problem is one reason why many people don't believe or admit that the United States successfully manned the moon in the 1960s and 1970s. They believe that launching a spacecraft out of the atmosphere requires a well-equipped rocket launch base, as well as a huge launch tower and launch vehicle. During the manned landing on the moon in the United States, there was only one lunar module. How can astronauts come back?

Therefore, manned landing on the moon can only be a lie, which is a big loophole ignored by these old American liars who fabricate lies.

These people also found some other loopholes in the moon landing photos, such as there is no atmosphere and no wind on the moon, but the national flag is flying; The sky on the moon is dark and there are no stars.

These people don't want to think that a little liar won't make such a low-level mistake. If a national scam, how many experts and scholars will be carefully woven, how can you make such a naive mistake?

The United States spent tens of billions of dollars on manned landing on the moon in the last century, using the power of hundreds of thousands of scientific and technological personnel, hundreds of universities and research institutions. So many people and things have woven a lie, but a few people who haven't read for a few days have found a bunch of loopholes. It's a big joke.

In fact, these people just despise science, never learn and master information from formal channels, or are they selectively blind and typical? Folk thinking? Deduction will lead to this low-level cognition.

In today's era of information explosion, as long as you know it a little carefully, you will know how the astronauts of NASA's manned mission to the moon returned.

There is no launch pad on the moon, but there is one. The return module of Eagle Lunar Module was launched from this launch pad and returned to the command module in lunar orbit. What is the key of manned return to the moon? Eagle? The lunar module 10 is divided into two parts, the upper part is called the upper upgrade, and the lower part is called the lower level.

This lunar module is under the gravity of the earth 14.7 tons, with a width of 4.3 meters and a maximum height of about 7 meters.

The descent phase is mainly used when the lunar module descends from the orbital module. It consists of landing engine, four instrument modules and four landing legs.

The lunar module is the main body of the lunar module and can accommodate two astronauts. The astronauts were in this cabin when they descended and returned. The upgrade part consists of astronaut cockpit, return engine, propellant tank, instrument cabin and control system, equipped with navigation, control, communication, life support and power supply facilities.

In fact, in order to save space and reduce weight, there is no seat for an astronaut, so the so-called? Seats? Cabin, actually just? Standing? In the cabin, two astronauts stood inside when they returned from the moon landing.

After the astronauts completed the mission to the moon, they moved the collected lunar samples into the upgrade cabin above and entered the cabin to start the launch phase.

At this time, the upper level upgrade is separated from the lower level, and the lower level becomes the initiator of the upper level upgrade. This was a key technology at that time, especially when the upper and lower connections were disconnected as a whole. A little carelessness would damage the cabin and hurt people.

The main data indicators of the lunar module are as follows:

Raise one level

Crew: 2 people

Capacity of member cabin: 6.65 m? (235 feet? )

Height: 3.76 meters

Diameter: 4.2m

Maximum oil load: 4670 kg

Air in engine room: 100% oxygen 250 mm Hg (33 kPa)

Water supply: 2 19.3 kg (42.5 lb) water tanks.

Coolant: 1 1.3 kg (25 lb) ethylene glycol acetate/water solution.

Reaction control system propellant dose: 287 kg (633 lb)

Reaction control system thrusters: 16 thrusters, 4 sets, 4 sets each, each providing 445N thrust.

Reaction control system propellant: N2O4/UDMH (dinitrogen tetroxide/unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine)

Reaction force control system specific impulse: 2.84 kN? Kg/kg

Propellant dosage of the upgraded propulsion system: 2353kg (5187lb).

Upgraded propulsion system propeller: 15.6 kn (3,500 lb)

Upgraded propellant: N2O4/ aviation hydrazine 50 (unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine/hydrazine)

APS pressurizer: two 2.9 kg helium tanks with tank pressure of 2 1MPa.

Engine specific impulse: 3.05 kN? Kg/kg

Thrust-to-weight ratio: 0.34 lb/lb (3.3 N/kg)

Ascending phase delta v: 2220m/s (7280ft/s)

Battery: 2 sets of 296 A? H silver-zinc battery

Power supply: 28V DC, 1 15V 400Hz AC.

Descending stage

Height: 3.2 meters

Diameter: 4.2m

Support leg span: 9.4 meters (30.8 feet)

Maximum fuel load:10,334 kg (22,783 lb)

Water supply: 1 15 1 kg water tank.

Power supply: 2 sets of 296 A? H silver-zinc battery (subsystem)

Propellant dosage: 8 165 kg (18000 lb)

Thrust of descending stage propulsion system: the adjustable range is 45.04 kn (10,125 lbf) ~ 4.56 kn (1025 lbf).

Propellant of Descending Stage Propulsion System: N2O4/ Aviation Hydrazine 50 (Asymmetric Dimethyl Hydrazine/Hydrazine)

DPS pressurizer: 1 22 kg supercritical helium tank, tank pressure 10.72kpa.

Engine specific impulse: 3050 N? Kg/kg

Delta v in descending stage: 2470m/s (8100ft/s)

Battery: 4 sets of 400 A? H silver-zinc battery

Apollo spacecraft structure

Because the gravity of the moon is only one-sixth of that of the earth, and the upgraded full load is only more than 4 tons, mainly fuel, so there is no need for a huge launcher to take off. After accurate calculation, the lunar module was accurately ignited and upgraded, disconnected from the descent stage, and the astronauts who completed the mission returned to the lunar orbit and docked with the command module waiting there. Then the astronauts climbed into the command module, abandoned the lunar module, started the service module and went home.

Please note that every time you land on the moon, the lunar module will be abandoned, in which the descending stage will remain on the moon, the ascending stage will be discarded in the orbit of the moon, and finally it will land on the moon.

In the last century, the spacecraft that manned the moon was Apollo, which was divided into three parts, namely, the command module, the service module and the lunar module. The command module is the cabin where astronauts live and work, and it is also the control center of the whole spacecraft. It is a cone with a height of 3.2 meters, a weight of about 6 tons and a maximum diameter of 3.9 meters. In addition to 10 attitude control engine and various instruments and equipment, there are also necessities and life-saving equipment for astronauts' life 14 days.

After the Apollo spacecraft returned to earth orbit, the command module became a return module, separated from the service module, carried astronauts back to the atmosphere, and finally splashed on the sea with the help of parachutes, and was rescued by rescuers waiting there.

The service cabin is cylindrical, with a height of 6.7 meters, a diameter of 4 meters and a weight of 25 tons. It is equipped with a main engine and an attitude control system consisting of 16 rocket engines. In fact, the main function of the service module is the transportation system of the space shuttle to and from the moon and back to Earth orbit. After the return module is separated from the service module, the service module will be abandoned in earth orbit and become space garbage.

In fact, every time I go to the moon, I finally come back with a conical command module.

The lunar module is installed in front of the command module. After the spacecraft reached the lunar orbit, the lunar module was separated from the command module as planned, and the engine was started to land on the lunar surface.

Two astronauts landed on the moon in the lunar module, and one astronaut flew around the moon in the command module, waiting for the astronauts who met the moon to return.

The success of manned landing on the moon in the last century was a feat that attracted worldwide attention, an important attempt by mankind to go into space and the beginning of mankind's going into deep space.

That's it. Welcome to discuss.

Time and space communication focuses on the popular science topics of ordinary people, and thanks fans and friends for their constant attention, support and love.

Original copyright, any unauthorized reprint and content quotation are regarded as infringement and plagiarism, and may be investigated for legal responsibility. Please understand and cooperate.