When did the Venus probe go to heaven?

1 961February 12, the former Soviet union launched its first Venus probe, Venus1. Venus 1 weighs 643.5 kilograms and is equipped with two solar panels and a folded parabolic antenna with a diameter of 2 meters. After a flight of 1 month and a half, its radio communication was interrupted when it was 7.56 million kilometers away from the earth on March 27. After another two months' flight, it flew to a distance of 0/9 km from Venus/KLOC-on May 9, but failed to obtain its detection results.

Venus probes 2 and 3, which were launched in June1965+065438+1October 12 and June 15, failed to send back the observation data of Venus due to communication system failure.

1On June 2, 967, Venus 4, weighing 1060 kg, was launched and entered the Venus atmosphere after a long flight of about 350 million kilometers. Then the lander separated from the detector and landed at the day-night boundary at the surface of Venus 1500 km. The lander of Venus 4 has a diameter of 1 m and weighs 383 kg. Its outer surface is covered with a thick high-temperature resistant shell. Because the pressure and temperature of Venus' atmosphere were much higher than expected, the lander was damaged when landing on the surface of Venus, and failed to send back the information detected on Venus.

The first probe to transmit the surface temperature data of Venus back to the ground was Venus 7, which was successfully launched in August 1970. It made a soft landing on Venus on February 15 of the same year, when the distance between the earth and Venus was 60.6 million kilometers. Its lander weighs about 500 kilograms, and the surface temperature of Venus is measured to be 447 degrees Celsius, the air pressure is 90 atmospheres, and the atmospheric density is about 100 times that of the earth.

Venus 7 was the first messenger to visit Venus. Since then, the former Soviet Union has launched nine Venus probes. Venus 9 and 10, launched on June 8, 1975 and June 4, 1975, respectively, took panoramic photos of Zhang Jinxing on the surface of Venus, showing its face to people for the first time.

Venus 198 1, 1,1,Kloc-0/,4 14 were launched, and four color photos of the surface of Venus were taken. From these photos, it is found that the surface of Venus is covered with brown sand, and the rock structure is like a smooth layered plate.

1Venus 15 and 16, which were launched on June 2 and 7, 1983, did not carry a landing module, but flew more than 300 million kilometers after 130 days and nights, on June 10 and June 14 respectively. The surface of Venus was continuously and comprehensively surveyed by radar, and many valuable data were obtained, which enriched people's understanding of Venus.