Various names of stars

The naming of celestial bodies in ancient China, Jin Mu's five planets, water, fire and earth, also known as "Chen Xing", appeared in the evening or early morning; Venus is also called "Taibai", "Morning Star" at dawn and "Chang Geng Star" at evening. Mars is also called "flicker"; Jupiter is also known as the "year star"; Saturn is also called "town star" or "filled star".

In ancient China, the starry sky was divided into three walls and twenty-eight huts. The ancients noticed the star area near the ecliptic where the sun and the moon passed, and divided the sky area along the ecliptic and equator into 28 communities of different sizes, called Twenty-eight Hostels. Accommodation is living. During its orbit around the earth, the moon passes from west to east one night every day. People also call these seven connected huts an elephant, four elephants. Each elephant is named after a representative animal. In addition, the star field beyond 28 nights is divided into three walls: Wei Zi wall, Taiwei wall and Shi Tian wall. Wall means wall. It means an area of stars surrounded by walls.

The ancients gave some bright stars special names, which can be divided into several types:

1. Named according to the celestial body region where the star is located, such as Tiangong Star, Beihe II, Beihe III, Nanhe III and Tianjin IV;

2. Named according to the storyline of fairy tales, such as Altair, Vega and Beiluo Shimen.

3. Named after 28 hostels in China, such as Jiaosu No.1, Antares No.2, Lousu No.3, Betelgeuse No.5, etc.

4. Named according to the color of stars, such as Mars (that is, Antares);

5. According to the ancient emperors' naming of officials, such as Purple Star (i.e. North Star), wenchang star and Wu Quxing.

At present, the naming methods of constellations and stars commonly used in the world were decided by the International Astronomical Union in 1928. It will divide the whole day into 88 star regions, called constellations. Among them, there are 12 constellations along the ecliptic, 29 constellations in the north and 47 constellations in the south. Constellation name is a figure composed of bright stars, which is named by people, animals and utensils combined with fairy tales. The stars in each constellation are arranged in lowercase Greek letters according to brightness, such as Ursa Major α and Ursa Major β.

Chinese-English comparison of several bright stars

The distance between the visual magnitude of the constellation to which the Chinese name belongs and the earth (light years)

1 Sirius-1.45 8.6

2 ridged canola -0.73 80

3 South Gate 2 Betelgeuse Centauri -0. 10 4.3

4 arcturus arcturus patriarch -0.06 30

5 Vega Lyra 0.04 25

6 Capella Auriga 0.08 40

Betelgeuse Orion 0. 1 1.700

8 Nanhe Sannanhe Dog 0.35 1 1

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