Vientiane Holy Land of Palace Architecture

Vientiane Temple, the Ming Hall of Wu Zetian, was built on December 27th, 688, the fourth year of hanging arch, and it was named "Vientiane Temple", with a height of 300 feet (now more than 90 meters). Magnificent and let people visit. Wu Zetian also ordered heaven to rise from the north and gave the "family enjoyment system" to store idols. Later, Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor, and Vientiane Shrine became the political center of Wu Zhou. Every year, a ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven and earth is held, and envoys from all over the country are welcomed. Wu Zetian ordered Xue Huaiyi, a monk, to command more than 10,000 people to destroy the Yuan Temple and build the Ming Temple, which took nearly a year to complete, with a height of 294 feet and a width of 300 feet. * * * Three floors, with a round cover at the top, and a Kowloon posture rose from a five-story paradise in northern Tang Ming to receive the statue. The cost is trillions, and the government finances are exhausted. At that time, Wu Ming-ren carved a white stone as a text, saying, "The Virgin is a human being, and Yongchang is an emperor." It is said that it was found in Luoshui and dedicated to Wuhou. The marquis of Wu was overjoyed and ordered people to call this stone a "treasure map". Later, Wuhou was honored as the "Virgin Jade Emperor". Tang Ming, Tang Ming, was built on December 27th, the fourth year of hanging arch (688), and it was named "Vientiane Temple", which is resplendent and magnificent for anyone to visit. Wu Zetian also ordered the sky rising from the north of Tang Ming to store the statue. Later, Wu Zetian declared the Vientiane Temple as the political center of Wu Zhou, and held annual ceremonies to worship heaven and earth, and welcomed envoys from all over the world. Tang Ming was built on the site of Gan Yuan Palace in the fourth year of Wu Zetian (668). According to documents, Tang Ming is 294 feet high and 300 square feet, with a polygon and a dome. There are three layers: upper, middle and lower. The ancients thought that Tang Ming could go to heaven like an elephant, so "the lower level is like four seasons, each with its own color;" Intermediate law 12, round cover a plate of Kowloon; The upper method is twenty-four qi and round. " On the upper floor is a dome pavilion with a foot-high golden iron phoenix, and the roof is covered with wooden tires and colored tiles. There are huge wooden stakes running through the hall, which are the backbone of the bucket beam frame. The scale and complexity of Tang Ming surpassed all the palaces in Tang and Beijing, reflecting that its design and construction capacity was close to or reached the highest level in feudal society. During the period of Wu Zetian, he hosted a banquet for ministers, accepted congratulations and issued decrees. After Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty succeeded to the throne, some magnificent buildings in the era of Wu Zetian were destroyed one after another. In the 27th year of Kaiyuan, the upstairs of Tang Ming was destroyed, and the new building was built downstairs. The following year, the new pavilion was changed to Gan Yuan Pavilion.

At the same time, Tang Ming is an unconventional and fashionable work. Wu Zetian built Tang Ming in a unique way and with innovative spirit. It "changes with time, follows the trend, lives in the past and guides the situation", which is contrary to the past retro tradition and rigid, square single-story building model, and also inherits the traditional Tang Ming design principle of "like heaven and earth" in connotation. In the Tang Dynasty, the architectural form of Gongming Hall in Luoyang was under the ring, which created the precedent of China ancient Tang Ming architecture from square to round. It embodies the emperor's idea of connecting with heaven, symbolically expresses the four seasons, twelve o'clock and twenty-four atmospheres, as well as the space-time view of the universe in all directions, the unity of heaven and man, and the round sky, which directly influenced the shape and design of the memorial building in Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the completion of Tang Ming, Wu Zetian was very happy. "Yongchang first day, I began to enjoy Tang Ming, I was pardoned. On the fourth day of the month, Tang Yuming was in charge of state affairs, and he was rewarded with nine awards. Many words are meaningless. The next day, I went to the Imperial Hall to entertain the ministers and give them a gift. Since the establishment of Tang Ming, women in Du Dong and elders in various states have come into sight and given food and wine, but it has been a long time. Tubo and barbarians successfully arrived in Tang Ming and sent envoys to congratulate them. " It can be seen that after the completion of Tang Ming, the tallest building in the Tang Dynasty, it caused a sensation all over the world, and tourists flocked to it, much like Burj Dubai, the tallest building in the world today. However, this most famous landmark and tourist attraction in Datang is only open to tourists occasionally.

However, the title of "the tallest building in Datang" in Tang Ming did not last long. Tiandi is a high-rise lover. Shortly after the completion of Tang Ming, he ordered monk Xue Huaiyi to start building a higher "paradise" for the giant Buddha. "The Postscript of the Old Tang Dynasty Emperor" records: "Huai Yi is a great statue, and the little finger still holds dozens of people. In the north of Tang Ming, there are five levels of heaven to store it. When it reaches the third level, it overlooks Tang Ming. " "Zi Tang 21" also records: "When the temple was built, it was destroyed by the wind and built more. Ten thousand people were employed in Japan, and the wood was harvested in Gangneung. In a few years, it has cost trillions and the national treasury has dried up. " It can be seen that the Paradise Project is much bigger than Tang Ming and much higher than Tang Ming (88 meters high). On the third floor, you can have a panoramic view of Tang Ming. The giant Buddha in the sky alone is as high as 100 feet (more than 30 meters), and its little finger can hold dozens of people. Moreover, when heaven was first built, it was blown down by strong winds several times, and then it was rebuilt. Although the history books do not clearly record the exact height of the heaven (estimated to exceed150m), there is no doubt that it is the tallest wooden structure in ancient China.

The first and second tallest architectural paradise in the Tang Dynasty and the completion of Tang Ming constitute the most magnificent skyline of Luoyang City, the capital of the gods, representing the unparalleled outstanding achievements of architectural technology in the Tang Dynasty, and embodying the spirit of the times of the people of the Tang Dynasty with high self-confidence, pioneering spirit and vigorous progress. Datang, standing at the top of the world, is the center of all nations.

However, because Tang Ming is too close to the Heaven (archaeological investigation shows that the rammed earth foundation between them is only16m), "In the first month of the first year of Shengyuan (695), the Heaven caught fire and extended to Tang Ming, and the Second Hall was destroyed in the morning". Tang Ming is a symbol of imperial destiny and imperial power. The destruction of Tang Ming hit Wu Zetian hard, but she didn't lose heart. In March of the same year, Wu Zetian ordered the reconstruction of Tang Ming on the original scale, and the new Tang Ming was completed in March of the following year (696). Because the newly-built Tang Ming was built for the Wu family, it is called Wu Zhouming Hall, also known as "Tian Tong Palace".

During the Kaiyuan period, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made great efforts to make the country rich and strong. He moved the capital to Du Dong five times and took charge of Luoyang for nearly 1 1 year, creating a prosperous "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng". At this time, the Tang empire still paid equal attention to both capital and capital, "three Qin and nine Luo, salty for the imperial city." In the eyes of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Du Dong is still the second capital. The heart of the empire, the east and west of Beijing, is bustling outside, living in peace and bringing out the best in each other, supporting the sky in the prosperous Tang Dynasty together. In the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 17), Tang Ming was renamed "Ganyuantang"; In the 10th year of Kaiyuan (722), the old name of "Tang Ming" was restored.

At the end of Kaiyuan, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was infatuated with Yang Yuhuan and could not extricate himself. Since then, he has been addicted to singing and dancing, debauchery and dogs. "But the nights in spring are short, and the sun rises too fast. Since then, the emperor has given up his early hearing." At this time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had no enterprising spirit, and his relatives were alienated and involved, and his political affairs were gradually abolished. During the Tianbao period, Xuanzong never left Chang 'an, and the importance of the East Capital was gradually forgotten, which also laid the groundwork for the "Anshi Rebellion" and the rapid decline of the Tang Dynasty. In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty thought that Tang Ming in Luoyang was "clever, out of line, out of reach and beautiful", so on October 2nd, he ordered Kang Su, a great master, to destroy Tang Ming in Dongwu. In the twenty-seventh year of Kaiyuan (739), "it was always a demolition worker, so it was invited to demolish the upper floor, which was 95 feet lower than the old system." Then I went to the pillar wood and put an octagonal building on the platform. There are eight dragons upstairs with fire beads. Less than five feet around the old system. Cover it with real tiles and take it away forever. This new concert hall is still called "Gan Yuan Concert Hall" for twenty-eight years. The northern government soldiers set fire to the cloister and changed the new hall to "Tongyuantang". It can be seen that at this time, the top floor of Tang Ming was demolished, the through-hole column was demolished, and the octagonal pyramid roof was replaced on the middle drum base; Its height is still 200 feet, nearly 60 meters, and it is still a huge building.

During the Anshi Rebellion (755 ~ 763), Tang Ming was burnt down twice by insurgents and Uighur soldiers, and was finally destroyed in 762. After the chaos, the powerful national strength of the Tang Dynasty suddenly collapsed and never recovered, and it entered a situation of one and a half centuries of separatist regime, eunuch chaos and factional struggle. Except for those poets and poets who are immortal, the Tang Dynasty in this period seems to be lackluster and gradually forgotten by the world.

Tang Ming, a symbol of the luck of imperial countries. The fate of Vientiane Temple and Tongtian Palace in Tang Ming in Tang Dynasty witnessed the ups and downs of the Tang Empire. Once the best in the world, I was proud of the world. Later, I destroyed myself, but I still lost my heroic spirit. Finally, I collapsed in the war and turned into a scorched earth.

Other buildings

Tianque: the "One Que" of Longmen is located at the southernmost end of the central axis, corresponding to the "Tianque constellation" in the sky.

Tianjie: "Tintin Gate Street", the imperial road connecting the main entrance of Miyagi and Tintin Gate at the south gate of Guocheng, with a width of 1 10 meter. "Tianjie" means the street of the son of heaven, corresponding to the constellation "Tianjie" in the sky.

Tianjin: Tianjin Bridge built by Yang Di. Luoyang is like Wei Zi Palace, the residence of the Emperor of Heaven, and Luoshui is like the Milky Way in the sky. The bridge above leads to the ferry of Tiandi, so it is named "Tianjin Bridge".

Shu Tian: The bronze-cast "Ode to the World" standing outside the main entrance of the Imperial City and north of the bridge head in Tianjin is more than 30 meters high, corresponding to the "Shu Tianxing" in the sky. Tianmen: yingtianmen, the main entrance of Miyagi, corresponds to Tianmen constellation in the sky. In the Sui and early Tang Dynasties, it was called "Zetianmen", and Zong Rui Emperor Li Dan changed his name to avoid his mother's anonymity. In the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, it was called "Wufeng Tower", which was built in the first year of Yang Di Daye. When Li Shimin occupied the capital of the East, it was burned because it was too luxurious, and Tang Gaozong was rebuilt in 656 AD. The plane is concave with two directions and three exits. It consists of a gatehouse, a flowery building and a quelou. During the periods of Yang Di, Tang Gaozong, Wu Zetian and Tang Xuanzong, it was an important place for the imperial court to hold major state celebrations and diplomatic activities. After archaeological excavation, the shape of "yingtianmen" is the original prototype of the main entrance of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Tiangong: The Tang Ming, formerly known as Vientiane Temple, was called Tiantong Palace after reconstruction. The largest building in the history of Onodera, with a square base of 90m x 90m and a height of about 88m, is the pinnacle of architectural technology in the Tang Dynasty. At the same time, it is also the most famous ritual building in the history of China, which pioneered the square to round buildings in Tang Ming, and its shape and concept were extended by the "Hall of Praying for the New Year" in the Temple of Heaven.

Paradise: The Buddhist temple "Paradise", where the giant Buddha is enshrined, is estimated to be over150m in height. The tallest tree in history is Vientiane Jingu National Heritage Park.

According to records, Tang Ming was built in 688 AD, numbered "Vientiane Shrine", and it is about 86 meters high. It is the hall where Wu Zetian issued decrees, entertained ministers, welcomed envoys and offered sacrifices to heaven, and was the ruling center of the Wu and Zhou Dynasties. 1986, the site of Tang Ming was discovered in the northeast of the intersection of Zhongzhou Road and Dingding Road in Luoyang.