Brief introduction of historical celebrity Meng 100 words

First of all, I would like to ask you that Monk (the great Confucian benevolence of Yasheng Mencius) is a famous Montessori in history.

The most famous person named Meng is Mencius. Mencius, Mingke, Yuzi, Zouguo (now Zoucheng, Shandong Province), a thinker in the Warring States Period and a representative of Confucianism.

Mencius lost his father in his childhood and his family was poor. His mother was clever and virtuous, and Meng San did not move, and Breaking the Machine to Teach Children all told stories about her education of Mencius. When Mencius grew up, he worshipped Confucius very much. He went to Shandong to study and was a disciple of Zisi. He worked hard day and night, deeply studying the Confucian way. After studying in middle age, I traveled around the world, stressing morality, benevolence and righteousness, and spreading Confucianism to save the current situation. He used to be minister of Qi Qing State. But at that time, all countries were fighting for hegemony, and all countries were very utilitarian, bullying the weak and swallowing the small. Mencius' thought of "the benevolent is invincible" is very pedantic and out of date, so it has not been adopted. Mencius left the State of Qi in his later years, resigned and returned to his hometown. He took Confucius as an example and devoted himself to education. He and his apprentice Zhang Wan and others wrote seven pieces of Mencius.

The core of Mencius' whole ideological theory is "benevolent government". In the era when Mencius lived, the State of Qin appointed Shang Yang, making Qiang Bing a rich country. Chu and Wei appointed Wuqi to win battles one after another, weakening the enemy; Qi Weiwang and Wang Xuan used Sun Bin, Tian Ji and others, which caused other vassal states to pay tribute. It can be seen that countries carry out political and military reforms, advocate force and launch merger wars, which make people miserable and social contradictions acute. Faced with this reality, Mencius was worried. Through the historical investigation of the rise and fall of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, he believes that kindness and unkindness to the people are the key to the success of rulers in the world. To win people's hearts, we must implement "benevolent government" and ask the rulers to treat the people with "kindness" to convince them completely, so as to achieve the political goal of "ruling the world."

The foundation of Mencius' thought of "benevolent government" is the people-oriented thought based on "people are precious". Mencius was concerned about people's sufferings, and he was aware of people's strength, and warned rulers to put people's interests first, otherwise, losing people's hearts would bring self-destruction. Mencius' thought of benevolent governance and loving the people was far-sighted, which had a far-reaching impact on the traditional culture of China and became a valuable legacy in the history of ancient political thought in China.

"The theory of good nature" is the theoretical cornerstone and starting point of Mencius' whole thought theory. Mencius said that "everyone has a hidden heart" and "a child knows how to love his loved ones". Benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom are like human limbs. In essence, everyone is the same, which is not imposed by the outside world, but inherent in human nature. Because human nature is good, people can achieve "Yao and Shun" through self-cultivation. At the same time, Mencius also believes that people have different performances of good and evil because of different education. This is just like the same wheat seed, which will be harvested differently under different conditions. Therefore, Mencius emphasized the importance of educating people and the influence of objective environment on people. Mencius' theory of goodness of human nature is full of idealism, but its rational core is worthy of recognition.

As a great thinker, Mencius' thought has its class and time limitations, but its positive aspects have far-reaching influence. His people-oriented thought became the theoretical basis of later reformists and revolutionaries. The upright personality of "irrefutable power, immorality of wealth and immovability of poverty and lowliness" has inspired people with lofty ideals throughout the ages to fight for truth and justice without fear of power. He also emphasized the importance of education. Therefore, an objective study of Mencius and his thoughts is of positive significance to the builders of our new culture.

During the Warring States period, there were also Mohist giant Meng Sheng and legendary warrior Meng Ke who could "pull the horn". You in the Western Han Dynasty was the pioneer of "Meng Xue" in Yi Studies. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a Meng Guang who was "cited" as her husband.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the State of Wu had a filial mother named Meng Zong and bamboo shoots, and Meng Huo, the leader of Shu and Han Yi people.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a number of Meng people emerged who dared to resist feudal rule, such as Meng Rang, Meng Haigong, the leader of peasant uprising, and General Huang Chao, who was brave and good at fighting.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were famous poets Meng Haoran, Meng Yunqing and Meng Jiao, whose poems were well-known. And Meng Jian, a hydraulic scientist.

Meng Gong, a famous general in Southern Song Dynasty.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, there was Meng Haima, the general of Xiangyang Red Scarf Army.

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there was a playwright Meng Chengshun.

In modern times, there were Meng Sen, a historian of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Meng Xiancheng, an educator, Meng Mude, a pharmacist, Meng Jimao, one of the founders of orthopedic surgery in China, Meng Tai, a national model worker, Meng Xianmin, a member of the Geology Department of China Academy of Sciences, and Meng Shaonong, a member of the Technical Department of China Academy of Sciences.

2. What is the Who's Who of Meng in the Warring States Period? Because Mencius' political views did not conform to the rulers, although Mencius was already very famous at that time, his descendants were not dignitaries.

Later, Qin Shihuang "burned books to bury Confucianism", and Meng, who is famous for his worship of Confucianism, also suffered greatly. After the Han Dynasty, Mencius' position was improved, and a large number of talents named Meng emerged.

He was a famous master of Confucian classics in the Western Han Dynasty, which played an important role in the inheritance of Yi and Li. Meng Guang in the Eastern Han Dynasty was a famous talented woman, while Meng Zong in the Three Kingdoms period was famous for her benevolence and filial piety.

At the end of Sui Dynasty, Meng Rang and Meng Haigong, the leaders of peasant uprising, emerged in Meng's surname. In the Tang Dynasty, several famous poets emerged in the Meng family, namely Meng Yunqing, Meng Haoran and Meng Jiao.

Meng Yunqing's poetic language is simple and reflects real life. Meng Haoran lived in seclusion for a long time, and his poems were full of local flavor; Meng Jiao's Ode to a Wanderer has been sung through the ages, which has entrusted the wanderer with his homesickness. During the Five Dynasties, there were two emperors in Meng's family. They are the founders and monarchs of Houshu, Meng Yunxiang and Meng Changjun.

Meng Haima was the leader of Xiangyang Red Scarf Army at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and Meng was a dramatist in Qing Dynasty. In modern times, many famous figures have emerged in the Montessori family, including historian Meng Sen, educator Meng Xiancheng, geologist Meng Xianmin and contemporary female artist Meng Xiaodong.

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Three. Brief introduction of historical figures in China, 150 words or so Guan Zhong (? (645 BC) A politician of Qi in the early Spring and Autumn Period.

Also the number is off, the word is also my, the word is secondary, and I am a native of Yingshang (now Anhui). After Qi Huangong acceded to the throne, he was appointed to preside over the government affairs of Qing Dynasty and was honored as "Guan Zhong".

He reorganized the internal affairs of Qi, carried out reforms, divided the capital into fifteen townships and six industrial and commercial townships, divided them into five genera, and set up officials at all levels. And organize and train foot soldiers for the army according to township organizations.

Establish a system for selecting talents. Advocate grading taxation according to land quality.

Develop salt and iron industry, mint money, adjust prices, and make Qi rich and strong. Help Huan Gong to call on the princes to "respect the king and resist foreign aggression" and become the first of the five tyrants.

Art China: //artx/ Zhao Yang is "Zhao Jianzi". A "father", also known as "Zhao Meng".

At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Guoqing. When he attacked Tai in 493 BC, he encouraged soldiers by giving them land and exempting them from slavery, and won a complete victory.

Defeated the Fan family and the Bank of China family successively, and expanded the fief, which laid the foundation for the later establishment of Zhao State. Art China: //artx/ Zhao Jianzi is Zhao Yang.

R ://artx/ It's "Chen". Qi ministers in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The name remains the same, or the same. Win people's hearts by borrowing big barrels and collecting small ones.

In 48 1 year BC, Gong and Li were killed, and the fief was expanded, and the strongest male family was killed. From then on, Tian began to specialize in national politics. Tian Chang is called "Tian Chengzi".

Art China: //artx/ Bole Legend In ancient times, it was good to have a person who loved horses. 1, Minister Qin Mugong.

He once recommended Jiufang to be a horse. Say Sun Yang, say Sun Yang Bole.

2. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhao Jianzi's official position was T-shirt (T-shirt is still correct), and he had a good word, Bole, also known as Wang Liang, who was good at riding and showing horses. 3 ://artx/ zichan (? (522 BC) A politician of the State of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The famous GongSunQiao, GongSunChengZi, zichan. It was destroyed in 554 BC and reigned in 543 (twenty-three years).

Carry out reforms, rectify ridges and ditches, and develop production. It is also used as a hill tax (military tax is levied according to the hill) and casting a punishment tripod (casting laws on the tripod for publication).

He can listen to the opinions of China people with an open mind. He also opposed superstition and put forward that "the sky is far away, people are close, and it is out of reach."

Yan Ying (? -Top 500) Doctors in Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. The word Zhong Ping is from Yiwei (now Gaomi, Shandong).

Stepfather Ren Qiqing experienced the life of Shi Lingzi and Zhuang He. He once sent messengers to the state of Jin to discuss the regime of Qi with his uncle, and predicted that the regime of Qi would be replaced by Tian.

There is "Yanzi Chunqiu" handed down from generation to generation and collected by people during the Warring States Period. Three nobles of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period of the Third Ring Road.

Namely (or), uncle and history. They are all descendants of Huan Gong, hence the name.

Among them, Ji Sun is the most powerful. Art China: //artx/ Laozi was a thinker in the late Spring and Autumn Period and the main founder of Taoism.

Said Lao Dan, surnamed Li Minger, the word Bo Yang, hometown (now Luyi County, Henan Province), worked as a historian of the Zhou Dynasty. Confucius once asked him for a gift, and then retired and wrote the Tao Te Ching (Laozi). Say it is Lao Laizi, or Tai Shizhen.

Whether the book Lao Zi was written by him has always been controversial. It is generally believed that it generally reflects his thoughts.

That is, taking Tao as the core, it explains the essence, composition, birth and death and change of the universe, and puts forward that "Tao creates everything" and "out of nothing". It holds that Tao is invisible, intangible and deaf, but "Tao is natural" and has essential and regular significance, and puts forward "the movement against Tao" to realize the unity of opposites and the transformation movement of things. Advocating soft parenting and opposing strong enterprising; Advocate intuitive meditation and abandon wisdom; Criticize current politics and advocate inaction; Oppose war, thinking that the root of war lies in man-made and material desires; It calls for a return to nature and advocates "a small country with few people" and "tying a rope and using it".

There are also ethical aesthetics such as "simple and keep simple" and "singing with enthusiasm". This theory has far-reaching influence and has been absorbed and expounded by various schools in later generations.

Taoism regards him as the leader, and the feudal rulers once named him "the Emperor's Emperor Xuanyuan". P ://artx/ Sun Wu was a famous strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period.

The word Changqing. Qi people once lived in the state of Wu and were familiar with the art of war.

He Lv, the king of Wu, was appointed general. Later, he and Wu Zixu conspired to attack Chu, Lien Chan won and became famous. Sun Tzu's Art of War is the earliest and best art book in China.

This book summarizes the war experience in the Spring and Autumn Period and before, reveals some important laws of war, and is rich in simple materialism and dialectics. It is highly respected at home and abroad, and is known as "the sacred book of military science" and "the originator of military science".

Confucius (55 1-479) was the founder of Confucianism, a thinker, politician and educator in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Zhong Ni was born in Shandong (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong).

Shangbeizi was a noble in the Song Dynasty, poor and humble. As an adult, I worked as a small official in charge of grain, grass and animal husbandry. Later, he gathered his disciples to give lectures, creating the wind of "private learning" and serving as a private school in Lu.

In order to suppress the power of the minister of the Third Ring Road, he planned to capture the three capitals (destroy them) and failed. He traveled around the world to promote his ideas, but he failed.

In his later years, he devoted himself to education and sorted out poems and books. And delete the Spring and Autumn Annals, which is the first chronological history book in China.

According to legend, there are three thousand disciples and seventy-two sages. Starting from the theory of destiny, he advocated the theory with "benevolence" as the core.

"Benevolence" means "love" because it advocates the principles of "loyalty and forgiveness", "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" and "if you want to establish yourself, you can achieve it". But "benevolence" must conform to the "courtesy" of maintaining the hierarchical order of the nobility.

Politically, he maintained aristocratic rule, advocated "correcting the name" and thought that "Jun Jun, minister, father and son" should be worthy of the name. Advocate rule of virtue and education, and oppose tyranny and torture.

In education, we advocate "teaching without distinction", "being an official if you are eager to learn", "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "not ashamed to ask questions". .

4. Who are the famous Mencius (372-289 BC): Ming Ke, a native of Lu in the Warring States Period, a descendant of Lu's father, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China, a representative of Confucianism in the Warring States Period, and the author of Mencius.

Meng Huo (date of birth and death unknown): During the Three Kingdoms period, the leaders of ethnic minorities in Central and South China fought against Shu Han, but were later surrendered by Zhuge Liang. Meng Haoran (689-740): The word Haoran, known as "Meng Xiangyang" in the world, was born in Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei) and was a poet in the Tang Dynasty.

Meng Haoran and another pastoral poet, Wang Wei, are also called "Wang Meng". His poems are mainly pastoral landscape poems.

Because he has never been an official, the world calls him Monsanto. Meng Jiao (75 1—8 14): a poet in the Tang Dynasty.

There are more than 500 existing poems, among which the most are short five-character ancient poems, and the masterpiece is Ode to a Wanderer. He is known as the "prisoner of poetry", just like Jia Dao, and is also known as the "suburban cold island".

Verb (abbreviation of verb) About the historical figure of 150: Cao Cao (155~220), namely Wei Wudi.

Politicians, militarists and poets in the Three Kingdoms period. The word Meng De, nicknamed A Zang, was born in Qiao Shi (now Bo County, Anhui Province).

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the military strength was gradually expanded in the suppression of the Yellow Scarf Army. In the third year of Chuping (AD 192), Yanzhou was occupied, and part of Qingzhou Yellow Scarf Army was lured to become "Qingzhou soldiers".

The first year of Jian 'an (196), Xian Di Xu (now Henan). Relying on the emperor to be a vassal, he successively calmed down the separatist forces such as Lu Bu.

After the battle of Guandu defeated warlord Yuan Shao, the northern part of China was gradually unified. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he ascended the position of Prime Minister, led his troops south, and was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi.

Wang Wei was later blocked. His son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and made him Emperor Wu.

He is good at the art of war and has written books such as Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Tzu's Art of War. Articles such as Good Poetry, Hao and Looking at the Sea express their political ambitions and reflect the tragic life of the people at the end of the Han Dynasty, which are magnificent, generous and sad.

Prose is also neat. His works include "Wei Wudi Collection", which has been lost and is based on the Ming Dynasty.

There is a typesetting copy of Cao Caoji today.