Ancient people's view of astronomy

Twenty-eight constellations (division of celestial spheres in ancient astronomy in China)

Seven nights in Oriental Dragon:

Jiao Mujiao, Kang Jinlong, Nyctereute, Fang Ri Rabbit, Xinyue Fox, Tail Fire Tiger and Jishui Leopard.

South Suzaku Seven Nights:

Muan Jing, Ghost Golden Goat, Swertia liutu, Stellaria, Zhang Yuelu, Pteris pterygophylla, and Pheretima.

Seven Nights of the West White Tiger:

Chenmu Wolf, Loujin Dog, Belly Pheasant, Long Day Chicken, Bi, Gunmen Monkey,.

Seven nights in northern Xuanwu:

Unicorn, Taurus, female bat, rising sun mouse, dangerous moon swallow, house fire pig, wall pheasant.

The star god worshipped by Taoism. Refers to "four elephants" and "twenty-eight lodges".

Twenty-eight nights, also known as "twenty-eight homes" or "twenty-eight stars". In ancient China, in order to observe the astronomical phenomena, the sun, the moon,

In the five-star operation, the 28-star official is selected as the observation sign, which is called "Twenty-eight Hostels". It is divided into average

Four groups, each with seven nights, in four directions: black dragon, white tiger, suzaku and Xuanwu (collectively called tortoise and snake).

Matching animal images is called "four elephants" and Taoism is called "four spirits". The formation of four image concepts in Twenty-eight Hosting Families is very

As early as the early Warring States period, it has been recorded. Later, in the Book of Rites Quli, it was said: "Before the trip, the Zhuniao followed Xuanwu, and a Qinglong emerged.

And the right white tiger. Kong Shu: "Zhuniao, Xuanwu, Qinglong and Baihu are also named after this." . "Han Wei Shu Shang Shu

Kao Ling Yao said, "Twenty-eight nights are the breath of heaven and the essence of all things. Therefore, the horns, health, sides, houses, hearts, tails and baskets of the East.

Seven nights, its shape is like a dragon, saying' Zuo Qinglong'. Nanjing, Ghost, Willow, Star, Zhang, Wing and Seven Nights are shaped like quails.

Former Suzaku. In the west, there are Wei Xiao, Lou, Wei, Chang, Bi, Gou and Shen for seven nights, which are shaped like tigers and called' right white tigers'. north

Square fights, cows, women, emptiness, danger, rooms and walls are seven nights, and they are shaped like turtles and snakes, which is called' post-Xuanwu'. "(1) the astronomical phenomena of Taoism.

Personalize it, give it a name, clothes color and position, and worship it. "Seven Signs of Cloud" Volume 24 "Twenty-eight Nights"

He said, "One is the official Yang God, the Lord of the Horn Star, and nine Yang gods, surnamed Bin Ming, dressed in green and mysterious clothes, are the Lord of the Horn Star.

B follows the official Yin God, and Kang Xing is the Lord of the gods. There are four Yin gods, surnamed Sima, naked horsehead, naked clothes and a sword.

Kang Xing is the Lord of God. "② The other 26 stay in this category." There are also about 28 five-star hostels in Shen Dong, which are run by Taiwanese businessmen.

Describes the appearance and behavior. Yue said, "The essence of the horned star often walks around the temple after the beginning of spring, leaving a moustache.

Ask about Zen rites, … or go to a restaurant for a drink, …

Those who know it ask for it, and they show the skill of health preservation and sowing. ""Kang, Bian and Fang are the essence of Samsung. They often walk together and wear clothes.

Green clothes, ... swimming in the crowd or in lent, ...

Is to ask for it and save the world with others. "(3) the remaining 24 nights in this category.

The four images (four spirits) synthesized by twenty-eight lodges are more respected by Taoism. The main feature is to use it as a patron saint. Ge hong

Bao Puzi's Miscellaneous Answer takes him as the old man's bodyguard, saying that the old man has twelve dragons on his left and twenty-six dragons on his right.

White tiger, with twenty-four suzaku in front and seventy-two basalts behind "; He also said, "This matter comes from the immortal scriptures." ④ Seven Northern Emperors

The secret of prolonging Yuan Ziting's life is even named: "There is a dragon on the left, named Meng Zhang, and a white tiger on the right, named prison soldier. In front of it, there is a suzaku named grave."

After the light, there is a Xuanwu name, building a building, and the bell and drum are negative, surrounding me. "(5) this is also the practice of Taoism.

The patron saint of time. Later, Taoist temples also carved statues of green dragons and white tigers in front of the mountain gates as the patron saints of the temple. Qingyao

Jun Fu's "Zhu Wen" Volume 1:

"Song Fanzhi can say in Yueyang Local Customs:' There are two gods in Laozi Temple, the so-called Qinglong and Baihu.' Ming yaozong

The document "Private Records of Changshu" describes the temple:' To the entrance of the Taoist temple, there are two great gods, the god of Alina Zhang in Qinglong on the left and the white tiger commander on the right.

Shen Jun's. "

Sifang and Siling have only been regarded as backers since ancient times, and their status is not very high.

However, since the Song Dynasty, Xuanwu God has been revered alone, becoming the famous Zhenwu Emperor and Tian Xuan God.

Taoist gods worship it. Especially in the Ming Dynasty. This has something to do with Ming Taizu, especially when the ancestors of the Ming Dynasty used it to deify the emperor.

That's right.

note:

① Reconstruction of Weft Book Integration, Volume II, page 5 1, Japan Mingde Publishing House, Showa 50 years.

② ③ ⑤ Collected Taoist Scriptures, Volume 22, Page 180, Page1,Page 430, Volume 32, Page 186, Shanghai Cultural Relics Publishing House.

Bookstore and Tianjin Ancient Books Publishing House jointly published, 1988.

④ Collation and Interpretation of Bao Puzi's Internal Chapters (Revised Edition), 273 pages and 274 pages, Zhonghua Book Company, 1985.

Twenty-eight Nights was originally the name of a star, and ancient astrologers in China called the celestial region where the sun and the moon passed "the ecliptic". And the stars on the ecliptic are divided into 28 constellations, which are called 28 constellations. Taoism recognizes that each constellation has a god, and * * * has twenty-eight gods, also called twenty-eight nights. According to the direction of southeast and northwest, the Taoist scriptures divide the 28 schools into four groups: Qinglong Zhu Cuizi Hu Xuanwu. "Three-hole Pearl Capsule" Volume 7 "Twenty-eight Fames and Numerals" quotes Du Xingjing's cloud: The seven-night god of Oriental Qinglong is a turret, with the word Di Jun; Kang Su, the word Ming Jun; Pleiades, the word Jun; Accommodation, the word Jun Zhen; Heart, the word Jun Zhen; Endurance, the word Li Jun; Speed, the word Chang Jun. In the north, the god of Xuanwu seven nights is a gentleman; Niu Su, the word Jun Ju; Nuperilla Jun Chen; Xu Suzi Scout; The dangerous word Shen Jun; King of the room; The word "should be equal" is hung on the wall. In the south, Zhu Cui's seven nights are in Su Jing.

The word Jie Jun; Ghost lodge, the word junju; Liu Su, the word Jun moved; Stars, the word Ming army; Zhang Su, the word Jun Fu; Wing Su, the word Jun Xin; Stay overnight, the word is dry. In the west, the White Tiger and the God of Seven Nights are Su Kui, and the word Jun is time; Lou Su, the word Li Jun; Stomach lodge, the word Ming army; Aung Su, the word Yu Jun; Soapy, the word Jin Jun; Accommodation, the word Ming army; Betelgeuse, the word Chengjun. It is also said that these 28 nights can be used to enter the body of the dead, so that the reborn people will not reunite. According to "Wu Xie's Tomb", "There are seven lodgings in the East: Jiao, Kang, Bian, Fu, Heart, Tail and Basket; There are seven nights in the north: fighting, cows, women, emptiness, danger, houses and walls; In the west, there are seven places to stay: Que, Lou, Stomach, Ang, Bi and Gou. Anyone who has cursed since the 46 th century can be fired in these 28 nights. " However, the specific functions of Twenty-eight Lodging Houses are recorded in three ancient books: Beidou Fa Wu Wei Jing, Wudazhai Li Cheng Yi and Daomen Customization: "Every Twenty-eight Lodging Houses have their own departments, which are divided into official history. If storms and hailstorms gather in the world and happen with Wuwei, they will all be recorded, and the wise will watch them. " Seven stars of the East, Zhongjiao Jun, Kangsu Xing Jun, Pleiades Xing Jun, Pleiades Xing Jun, Pleiades Xing Jun, Pleiades Xing Jun, Pleiades Xing Jun, Pleiades Xing Jun, Tail Xiangyun, Speed Xing Jun. Among the seven heavenly kings in the north, there are stars in Odysseus, Ur burrows, Andromeda, Pleiades, the wind of the world, the stars in danger, Ur burrows and Patra in Areo. Among the seven Pleiadian monarchs in the west, there are world storms, the winds of the Pleiadian monarchs, the winds of the gastropod monarchs, the sunshine of the Pleiades monarchs, and the storms of the old and Betelgeuse monarchs. In the south, it is dusk for the monarch of the seven Pleiades, the monarch of the Pleiades is a sunny day out of breath, the monarch of the Pleiades is a hot day out of breath, and the monarch of the Pleiades is a sunny day out of breath. In view of the above-mentioned functions, Taoist priests often summon the gods to descend to the earth for 28 nights during fasting.