The historical development of Luo surname

Origin one

Originated from the most popular name, from the fief of Luoguo, is the descendant of Zhu Rong, the grandson of Emperor Zhuan Xu, and belongs to the country name.

Da surname is one of the oldest surnames in China.

According to the ancient book Shuo Wen Tong Xun Ding Sheng, Yi, Lu, Forced Yang, Yi and other surnames are all ancient surnames, and their ancestor is Zhu Rong.

Zhu Rong, named Li, is a Vulcan (in charge of civil affairs and kindling), and later generations respectfully call him Vulcan.

Because of its great contribution to the people and its ability to integrate into the world, Di Ku was named Zhu Rong.

Zhu Rong's descendants are divided into eight surnames: Ji, Dong, Peng, Bald, Yi, Cao, Zhen and Mi, which are called "Zhu Rong's Eight Surnames" in many history books.

During the Zhou Dynasty, some of Zhu Rong's descendants were sealed in Yicheng (now Yicheng, Hubei Province), which was called Luoguo.

In the seventh year of Ji Wang in Zhouzhuang (690 BC), Luo was destroyed by Xiong Tong, and Guo Yan was established here.

After the loss of the country, the descendants of Zhu Rongjia gradually moved south, initially moving to Zhijiang (now Zhijiang and Yibin in Hubei Province), so they took the name of the old country as their surname and called Roche.

At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, it moved south to Guluo, Hunan.

Liu Yuan 2

Luo, an official from an official position, came from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It belongs to Roche and is called by the official position. It was an official position in the two-week period, in charge of the capture and breeding of birds in the world for the appreciation and consumption of princes and nobles.

In the ancient book "Li Zhou Xia Guan Luo Shi", it is recorded: "Luo Shi, ostrich." In the vassal States, Roche's official position was also set up.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wei Yigong Jichi, a "good crane died", especially liked cranes. He raised cranes in Dingchang in the imperial court, He Ling in the northwest of Chao Ge and He Cheng in the southeast (now Hezhai in Changyuan, Shanxi), and was taken care of by Roche.

Wei Yigong also gave his crane an official salary: the first class actually received a doctor's salary, and the second class was a scholar's salary.

When he goes out to play, he always takes a crane and puts it in front of the car, which is called "General Crane".

At that time, Roche was a crane keeper in Wei Yigong.

In the winter of the seventeenth year of Ji Lang, King Hui of Zhou (in 660 BC in the ninth year of Wei Yigong), the northern Zhaidi people took advantage of Wei Yigong's extravagance and popular resentment to attack Wei from Yizhi, Xingzhou (now Liaocheng, Shandong) to Xingze (now the area north of Guangwu Mountain in Zhengzhou, Henan, the north bank of the Yellow River levee). Wei Yigong quickly sent troops to resist. When recruiting generals, his doctor said, "Jun!

Wei Yigong was "drafted" by the people of China, and the people of China all said, "Tell the crane to fight the enemy. They are high-ranking officials and generous, and we can't compete with them in war! " Wei Yigong helpless, had to take a few cronies to meet Yingze. As a result, he was defeated and killed.

Later, Song Heng's son Yu said that he would send troops overnight to stop Tijen's attack and save his patriotic subjects from the Yellow River. In (present-day hua county, Henan Province), Ji Shen was appointed as the new patriotic monarch for the Duke of Wei.

Among the descendants of Roche who raise and protect cranes in Wei Yigong, there are those who take their ancestors' official titles as their surnames, which are called Roche and passed down from generation to generation.

Liu Yuan 3

Originated from Xianbei nationality, from Chiluo clan of Xianbei Tuoba Department in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it belongs to cultural sinicization and changed its surname.

In the fifth year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 439), the Tuoba Department of Xianbei nationality destroyed Beiliang and established the Northern Wei regime.

In the 20th year of Tuoba Hongtai, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 496), Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei adopted the policy of sinicization, and changed Xianbei's surname to Han's surname, among which Luo's surname was changed to Luo, which was recorded in the history books Shu Wei, Guang Yun, Yuan He's Compilation, Explanation of Surnames and Tongzhi.

According to the history book "Wenyuan Huaying", the wife is afraid of someone and is from Taiping, Hengzhou County.

Zumou, Father Association, General Zhou, Duke of Nanyang.

According to the history book Zhou Shu, Chilo Sheikh was created as the Duke of Wan County in the third year of Tang Jiande (AD 574), and his eldest grandson's wife Roche was the daughter of Chilo Sheikh, and Dai Jun Roche changed her surname to Chilo Sheikh.

Origin four

Originated from Mongols, it belongs to the emperor who changed his surname, or changed his surname in Chinese.

(1). Bingzhong Luo, a Mongolian in the Ming Dynasty, was originally named Boluo Lingzhan, a descendant of Boluo Chahetai and the son of Boluo Kungelai, the governor of Shazhou.

His younger brother Kyle Polo, only Jin, took over his father's position. Ming Yingzong ordered Kyle Polo, only Jin, to be the guard of the commander and assistant.

Soon, Kyle Polo's brother Kyle Polo led 1200 people to emigrate. He wrote letters to Dongchang and Pingshan Guards and abel tamata Lushi, so his pension was very thick.

After the death of Kyle Polonan, Kyle Polo, Kyle Polo and Kyle Polo were in charge.

When Ming Yingzong was hunting in the north, there were many policemen.

The ministers of the DPRK were afraid that the surrendered Mongols would take the opportunity to defect and discuss the south to be moved.

At the breakfast meeting of Miao people in Guizhou, Ming Yingzong ordered Mao Fushou, the viceroy, to make a southern tour, and took the opportunity to take charge of the affairs of the viceroy (equivalent to the section chief of a special department) and lead his men to encircle the Miao rebels in Guizhou.

Tomorrow in Shunchu (AD 1457), Kyle Polo was awarded the title of "Bingzhong Luo" by Ming Yingzong.

In the early years of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1465), Zhang Man (Bo people, an ancient people who practiced hanging coffins) rebelled against the Ming Dynasty. Ming Xianzong ordered Shang Xin to lead troops140,000 to make a conquest, and led the troops as guerrilla generals.

When the Ming army arrived in Yongning, the soldiers were divided into six ways. Bingzhong Luo led the troops to attack by the Golden Goose River in Sichuan, and broke the Mangshan Mountain. On merits and demerits, he was named Shunyi Bo.

In the 16th year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1480), Bingzhong Luo died of illness, and his son Luo Jiankui (Crohn's supervisor) was officially appointed as the commander of hereditary propaganda department.

Descendants of Bingzhong Luo, hence the name Roche.

2. According to the Qing Dynasty annals, a brief history of clans and Mongolian Eight Banners' surnames:

(1) Mongolian Bayeurte family, also known as Ba Le family, lives in Abaga (now Abaga Town, Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia), Bayeurte (now Tianzhen Town, Shanxi, Yanggaowai), Xilamulan (now Chengde paddock, Hebei) and other places. Later, Manchu was named Bayeurte Hala. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, many Han surnames were Roche, Babbitt, Bai and Bai.

(2) The Mongolian "Golden Family" in Onniute Banner, Inner Mongolia belongs to the A Jin family, which is a descendant of the third brother of Genghis Khan, Ha Chiwen, and has several Han surnames such as Roche and Zhao.

(1) Mongolian Halong Goode's family name is Roche.

Origin five

Hutt Luohan, who originated from the Turkic nationality and came from Ashina, a western Turkic province in the Tang Dynasty, belongs to the sinicization and changed his surname to Shi.

In Historical Records and Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames Books, it is recorded that Hu Seruo changed to Luo in the Tang Dynasty, and in Historical Records of the Tang Dynasty, Hu Seruo was originally Khan of Ashina, a western Turkic department, emperor of Wu Zhao in the second year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 699), and Hu Seruo was originally nomadic in Broken Leaf City (now tokmak, Kyrgyzstan).

Among Hutuluo's descendants, the ancestor's name is Roche, which is the origin of Roche in the Western Regions.

Liu Yuan

Originated from Manchu, it belongs to Han.

According to the historical records, The Annals of Qing Dynasty, A Brief History of Clans, Manchu Eight Banners' Surnames and the Notes of Qing Dynasty are recorded as follows:

(1), Manchu Boluo military adviser, also known as Bolkin, Manchu is Borj 1n Hara, which means "wave" in Chinese. The Manchu surname lives in Abu Heckler Lun (present-day Krulun River valley in Inner Mongolia), and its Chinese surname remains to be tested.

(3) Manchu Bo and Luo Shi, whose Manchu language is Boholohala, lived in Sahalu (now along the Heilongjiang River) and were given the Chinese surname Luo Shi.

(3) The Manchu Guo family, also known as Guo Luoluo's family, Guo Luoluo's family and Guo Bo Roche, takes the land as their surname, and the Manchu language means "hook, bend down and indulge", and lives in Naiyin (now the upper reaches of Songhuajiang River in Fusong, Jilin), Zhanhe (now Shuangyang River in Jilin) and Macha (now Hunjiang River in Jilin).

After that, Xibe people were taken as surnames.

(4) Manchu Emuco, also called Emuco in Manchu, is a jurchen in Valka, who lives in Valka (now from Changbai Mountain in the south to the north of Tumen River, to Uzara in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang Province in the north, and to the south of Russian coastal areas in the east, including Hershech, Aimo and Sulu, Funahetokso and other places) and Funahe Village (now Ning 'an, Heilongjiang Province).

[5], the Manchu Luochashi, originated from the Manchu Eight Banners attached to Russian prisoners of war during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, took Ewenki nationality as the surname, took Lokahara in Manchu, settled in Soren (now west of Nenjiang River in Heilongjiang Province), and was later crowned as Luoshi.

[6] Luo Jiashi, Manchu, Manchu is Luo Yahala, originally from Han nationality. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Luo Jiashi was captured by the Wuhuan Department in Xianbei, Liaodong, and then gradually evolved into a jurchen in Liaodong, living in Hada (now Xiaoqing River Basin in Xifeng, Liaoning) and Xiketun (now Xiketun in Xiaoxing 'anling, Yichun, Heilongjiang, where shamans lived).

Later, Daur people were taken as their surnames.

After many coronations, the surname of China people is Roche.

(7) Luo Yueshi, Manchu, whose Manchu language is Loyola, lived in Yehe (now Lishu, Jilin) and was surnamed Roche.

(8) Saskatchewan in Manchu, formerly known as Bayara, later took land as its surname, and Allah in Manchu, which means "old" in Chinese. He once lived in Ningguta (now Ning 'an, Heilongjiang), Ahu River (now 60km from Nan 'an, Heilongjiang), Yehe (now Lishu, Jilin), Saskatchewan (now Xiahe Valley, Fushun, Liaoning), Hetuala (now Yongling, Xinbin, Liaoning) and other places. Most of the Han surnames are Roche, Cang, Ma, Luo, Li, Zu, Gao, Hai and Li.

(9) Jue Luochan of Manchu, a legitimate surname from the imperial clan of the Qing Dynasty, is an illegitimate child and is not allowed to enter the royal jade family. They all gave Jue Luochan's surname and Jiao Luokanhala in Manchu to show that none of their families was orthodox, and later some people were crowned as Roche.

Origin seven

Originated from the Miao nationality, from the Miao nationality in the southwest of the Ming Dynasty, belonging to the Han nationality's integration into the Miao nationality.

"Yunnan Tongzhi" written during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty records: "There are nine kinds of Miao, mostly in Guizhou, Zhengdian Xuanwei, Zhenxiong, mostly Miao Hua ... Tada, Luo, Chen and Cai"; The Annals of Guizhou, written during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, said: "The West Temple is located in Pingyue, and it was defended by thousands of households in the fifteenth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1382). Today, Fuquan and Qingping in Guizhou belong to Xie, Ma, He, Luo, Lu and Lei. "

Li Zongfang, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, also recorded it in Qian Ji.

Liu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, recorded the Miao and Yao nationalities in Luxi County in the Notes on Investigation of Counties and Counties in Hunan Province, saying: "The scholars in Beijing are the five strong families of Wu, Long, Liao, Shi and Ma, and the surnames of Peng and Luo are also strong"; Liu Xifan, a scholar in the period of the Republic of China, said in Lingbiao Ji Man that according to the records of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, the sixteen surnames of Miao people in southwest China are "Yang, Wei, Chen, Luo and Tian". Shi Qigui, a contemporary scholar, recorded in the field investigation report of Miao nationality in western Hunan that twenty-one Miao surnames, such as Luo Shi, have the largest number.

Obviously, the Luo surname, which was originally a Han nationality in history, was integrated into the Miao nationality, and later became the Luo surname of the Miao nationality.

Yuanliuba

Originated from Buyi nationality, descended from Guluo State in the Spring and Autumn Period, belonging to the Chinese language of the country name.

Roche, a Buyi nationality, is a descendant of the ancient Luo state, and was forcibly moved to Miluo, Hunan by the bear. China people take the original country name as their surname and call it Roche.

After living in Miluo for a period of time, one of them crossed the Luoxiao Mountains and arrived in Jiangxi.

Later, this Luo surname moved from Jiangxi to Guangxi and became today's Buyi people.

In the Tang Dynasty, the leader of Xiyuan people was surnamed Luo. At that time, Xiyuan area was in the two river basins around Guangxi.

Liu Yuan 9

Originated from Yi people, from Shuixi Yi people in Guizhou Province, belonging to the surname changed from Han to Han.

According to the document "Guizhou Fuzhi", the Yi people in Shuixi, Guizhou Province are called "An's, whose first name is Jihuo, and its original name is Roche".

According to the local Yi people in Guizhou today, there were two branches of Suna and Yilong families with strong ethnic origin at that time. Later generations had five surnames because they moved to five different areas, one of which moved to Gualin in the east of Dafang City, and the surname of Guanhan was Roche.

In addition, in the Ming Dynasty, the Yi Russian mother changed her surname to Roche.

Origin ten

Originated from Tujia nationality, it comes from Yi nationality in Shuixi, Guizhou Province, and belongs to the surname changed from Han to Han.

In the seventh year of Zhouzhuang (690 BC), when Chu Wuwang Xiongtong destroyed Luo, some Luo people refused to accept Chu, so they crossed Shennongjia to the west with the adherents of Lu and Yong, entered eastern Sichuan and settled in Langzhong area, becoming one of the "seven surnames of semi-barbarians".

Ban Mei is a branch of ancient Ba people, named after the weapon "Tiger skin rafters".

Chang Qu, a famous scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, recorded in Huayang Guozhi that Emperor Gaozu "restored Luo, Pu, Zan, E, Du, Gong and other surnames without providing rent and tax".

In the history book "The History of the Later Han Dynasty", it is also recorded that Ban Ye Man was exempted from tax because of the great contribution of Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty.

Origin eleven

Originated from Yao nationality, many Luo surnames of Yao nationality have not changed their surnames. Before the Republic of China, some people also used the Luo surname of the local Han nationality to sweep graves, which was the same as the local Han nationality. Because Yao people like single family migration, it is easy to get separated from the clan, and unlike the clan gathering place to preserve genealogy, it is easy to lose contact.

The Luo surname of Yao nationality has been passed down from generation to generation. In ancient times, when Luo and Luo met, they would ask each other about their ethnic origins, such as Chu, Chu, foreign, local and northern Luo.

Zhou Luoshan weaves webs and likes to raise birds and hunt. His ancestral home is Zhoudi, not his real name, so he is called Zhou Luo.

Originated from the surname of Ji in the Zhou Dynasty, it is characterized by the fragmentary volumes and scattered prescriptions of the Book of Changes.

Both of them are Han and Yao.

Chu Luo, who lives in Chu, is characterized by the fact that Luo and Lu are the same clan, and there are also pieces of the Book of Changes. This is reduced to an ancient version, Yidashan, which is more common with Miao Luo's surname.

Luo came from other places, and Luo's surname came back from the desert.

The local Luo, which has been within the scope of Chu for generations, is a general term for Luo in the north, Luo in the north and Luo in other places.

These different Romans originated in the same place, went to different places and met again after 1000 years. Surname is not only a question of surnames, but also means ethnic groups and relatives. People don't take your last name for no reason.

It means the separation and reunion of relatives, the suffering and hardship of survival, the bitterness of war, and the past and whereabouts of relatives.

It doesn't matter if people are different, and it doesn't matter what language they speak.

What's strange about brothers marrying wives of different nationalities and children learning languages from their mothers? Without careful study, it is my personal feeling to rashly say that others have changed their surnames, which is equivalent to being abandoned by relatives.

It belongs to Louyao in northwest Guangxi and belongs to the surname of Han Dynasty.

The Yao nationality in Beilou, who lives in western Guangxi, thinks Miruotuo is their ancestor goddess.

Among them, there is such a song "Song of Creation" ("Leo Tei"): "Miroto let them go and Miroto told them to get married.

Lan and Luo are a pair, Wei and Meng are a pair ... This is the origin of the four surnames, Luo, Wei and Meng.

According to legend, the ancestor of Shi was called Luo.

The surnames of Yao people are also divided into Dameng and Mengxiao. According to legend, the ancestor of Dameng had seven sons named Meng, Lan, Wei, Luo, Pan, Yuan and Lu, which was another source of Yao Luo.

In addition, Yao Le's surname Lou and Han are also Roche.

Today, Luo Yaoshi is mainly distributed in Bama, Donglan, Tiandong, Du 'an and Dayaozhai in Nandan County, Guangxi.

Origin twelve

Originated from Tu nationality, it belongs to the change of Han surname to Han surname.

Luo's family, the Tu nationality, originated from the Luo Gul family in the Tugu Hunbu of Xianbei, and later gradually became the Tu nationality, named Luo Gul Kong (rapeseed grower).

Logur produced rapeseed and later became the title of "rape field".

The Luogur people are famous for their good cultivation of rape, so they translated the local language into Chinese, and the first word of the Luogur people was passed down from generation to generation.

Origin thirteen

Originated from the Jing nationality, it belongs to the surname after localization.

The Jing people used to be called "Yue people", but they called themselves "Annan". Their ancestors migrated from Tushan, Chunhua, Yi 'an and Ruixi to Shanxin, Liwei, Wutou and Tanji Islands in Fangcheng Autonomous County in the south of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. More than 400 years ago.

According to the survey, there are thirty-one surnames of Jing people today, among which Roche, the Jing people of Roche, live in Liwei.

Origin 14

Originated from Lahu nationality, it belongs to Chinese surname.

Lahu people began to have surnames in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, but at that time there were only three surnames: Li, Shi and Zhang.

Since the collection, the Lahu people have more and more contacts with the Han nationality and surrounding ethnic groups, and their surnames have also increased. Now Lahu people have many surnames, including Roche.

Origin fifteen

Originated from the Hani nationality, it belongs to the surname changed from Han to Han.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the magistrate in Lin 'an, Yunnan Province gave the local officials in southern Yunnan Han surnames such as Li, Zhao, Chen and Qian, which was the beginning of Hani people's use of Han surnames. Later, in the process of communication with the Han nationality, some Hani people began to use the Han surname.

Now the Han surname used by the Hani nationality is Roche.

Origin sixteen

Originated from the Li nationality, it belongs to the Chinese surname.

"History of Ming Dynasty" records that in the fourth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1406), "33 people from Qiongzhou County, including Luo Xian, Chen Zong, came to Korea", indicating that Roche was born in the Li nationality in the Ming Dynasty.

Today, Li Luo people mainly live in Ledong County, Hainan Province.

Origin seventeen

Originated from Bai nationality, it belongs to the surname after sinicization.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Tuzhizhou and Tusheguan of the Bai nationality in Lanzhou, Yunnan (now Lanping, Yunnan) were renamed as Roche, which was passed down from generation to generation.

There are many Luo people among the Bai people today.

Yuanyuan shiba

Originated from other ethnic minorities, it belongs to changing the surname from Chinese to China.

Today, ethnic minorities such as Gelao, Dong, Dongxiang, * * *, Zhuang, Korean, Qiang, Bulang, Russian, Mulao and Wa, as well as Gaoshan in Taiwan Province Province, all have Luo, and their sources are mostly promoted by the central authorities in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Roche is a typical multi-ethnic and multi-origin surname, ranking 20th in the current surname list, belonging to the big surname series, with a population of about13.38 million, accounting for about 1% of the total population of China.

Yicheng, Hubei is the birthplace of Roche, and then moved south, first from Xiangyang, Hubei to Zhijiang, then to Changsha, and finally became a local family in Nanchang, Jiangxi during Han Jing's reign.

In the pre-Qin period, Roche had been active in Hubei, Henan, Gansu and other places.

When they arrived at King Chu Wen, the Luo people entered Miluo County, Hunan Province southward.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the surname Luo had been

After the broadcast, it moved to Nanchang, Jiangxi. Until the Song Dynasty, Luo developed very prosperously in Jiangxi and became the most popular surname in Jiangxi.

Then Luo entered Guangdong and Guangxi from Hunan and Jiangxi to the south, Xiangxi and Xiangnan to the west, and then east Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan to the west.

After the Tang Dynasty, especially in the Ming Dynasty, Luo had spread to the north and south of the motherland and developed steadily in Guangdong, Fujian and Sichuan. Luo entered Taiwan in the early Qing Dynasty.

In the Song Dynasty, there were about 340,000 people surnamed Luo, accounting for 0.44% of the national population, ranking 52nd.

Jiangxi is the largest province with Luo surname, accounting for about 38.8% of the total population of Luo surname in China.

The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Sichuan, Anhui and Hunan provinces, accounting for 70% of the total population of Romania, followed by Henan, Fujian, Shanxi and Guangxi provinces, with a concentration of 19%.

The whole country has formed two Luo population gathering areas centered on Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan and Sichuan.

During the Ming Dynasty, there were about 700,000 Luo surnames, accounting for 0.75% of the national population, and it was the 24th surname in the Ming Dynasty.

During the 600 years of Song Yuanming, the net population growth rate was 20%, and the population growth rate of Luo surname was higher than that of the whole country.

As the subject of Luo surname had moved from the north of the Yangtze River to the south of the Yangtze River as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, several wars in northern China did relatively little harm to Luo surname.

Jiangxi is still the largest province of Luo surname, accounting for about 29.4% of the total population of Luo surname.

The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Sichuan and Hunan. The Luo surname in these three provinces accounts for about 49% of the total population of Luo surname, followed by Fujian, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Guangdong and Gansu provinces, where 33% of the population of Luo surname is concentrated.

Its population mainly moves from the north to the southeast and south, and the migration to the northwest is also obvious.

Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Sichuan, two major Luo population gathering areas, have been re-formed in China.