What are the functions of blood collection tubes with different colors?

1, red top tube (dry vacuum tube without additives)

The inner wall of the blood collection tube is evenly coated with drugs (silicone oil) to prevent wall hanging. It uses the principle of natural blood coagulation to coagulate blood, and the serum is naturally precipitated and then centrifuged for use. Mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, renal function, myocardial enzyme, amylase, etc.). ), electrolyte (serum potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, etc. ), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, serum immunology.

2. Orange cranial canal (blood clot)

The inner wall of the blood collection tube is evenly coated with silicone oil to prevent wall hanging, and coagulant is added at the same time. Coagulant can activate fibrin, turn soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin polymer, and then form a stable fibrin clot, which can generally coagulate the collected blood within 5 minutes. Generally used for emergency biochemistry.

3. Golden skull tube (blood collection tube containing inert separation glue and coagulant)

Silicification of the tube wall and coating with coagulant can accelerate blood coagulation and shorten the test time. Adding isolation glue into the pipe can isolate the hose with good affinity and play an isolation role. Generally speaking, even in ordinary centrifuges, separation gel can completely separate the liquid components (serum) from the solid components (blood cells) in blood, and pile up in test tubes to form a barrier. After centrifugation, the serum has no oil drops and will not block the machine. Mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, renal function, myocardial enzyme, amylase, etc.). ), electrolyte (serum potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, etc. ), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, PCR, TORCH, serum immunological testing, etc.

4. Green skull tube (heparin anticoagulant tube)

The blood collection tube contains heparin sodium or heparin lithium. Heparin is a mucopolysaccharide containing sulfuric acid group, which has a strong negative charge. It can enhance the inactivation of serine protease by antithrombin III, thus preventing the formation of thrombin and platelet aggregation. Heparin tubes are usually used for emergency biochemical, TORCH and hemorheological tests. When detecting sodium ions in blood samples, heparin sodium tube should not be used to avoid affecting the test results. Nor can it be used for white blood cell counting and classification, because heparin can cause white blood cell aggregation.

5. Purple skull cap tube (blood collection tube containing EDTA and its salt)

Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid is an amino polycarboxylic acid, which can effectively chelate calcium ions in blood. Chelated calcium will remove calcium from the reaction point, thus preventing and terminating the endogenous or exogenous coagulation process, thus preventing blood coagulation. Compared with other anticoagulants, EDTA salts (2K, 3K, 2Na) are usually used as anticoagulants because they have little effect on the agglutination and morphology of blood cells. Used for general hematology (blood routine) examination and blood ammonia detection. Can not be used for hemagglutination and trace element examination.

6. Blue skull cap tube (blood collection tube containing sodium citrate anticoagulant)

Sodium citrate chelates with calcium ions in blood samples and has anticoagulant effect. The ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1: 9, which is mainly used in fibrinolytic system (prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thrombin time, fibrinogen). Pay attention to bring enough blood (2ml) when taking blood to ensure the accuracy of the test results. Immediately after taking blood, mix it backwards for 8- 10 times.

Extended data:

Blood distribution sequence

1. Use order of glass test tubes: blood culture test tubes, serum test tubes without anticoagulant, sodium citrate anticoagulation test tubes and other anticoagulation test tubes.

2. Use order of plastic test tubes: blood culture test tube (yellow), sodium citrate anticoagulant test tube (blue), serum test tube with or without coagulation activator or gel separation, heparin test tube with or without gel (green), EDTA anticoagulant test tube (purple), and blood glucose decomposition inhibitor test tube (gray).

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-vacuum blood collection tube