Brief introduction of Manchu dance and Manchu song and dance culture

Shaman Sacrifice Song and Dance: Manchu people believe in Shamanism and perform in the form of songs and dances when holding important ceremonies such as worshipping gods, worshipping heaven and worshipping ancestors. Shaman is the main role in song and dance. In the process of dancing, the shaman wears a bell on his waist, a drum in his hand and God's clothes, and dances with the sound of handicrafts. Sacrificial songs include Shen Qing tune, Beideng tune and Tiaobo tune. Including crying dance, single encouragement, bronze mirror dance and so on. Singing and dancing during the sacrifice, expressing reverence, praise and prayer, later developed into Manchu stage art songs and dances.

Single drum waist bell: Single drum waist bell is a common name of artists, also known as "playing single drum" or "pulling bell". This is a sacrificial dance, with many small bells wrapped around the waist and holding a "single drum". Manchu people believe in Shamanism and worship the gods of eagle, python and crow. During the festival, on the day of ancestor worship, the "Buddha Mother" is invited to the God, and then the "Tea Horse" begins to dance. They wore hats and bells around their waists, danced with drums in their hands and sang hymns. They jumped into the house first and then out of the yard. The content of ancestor worship is to mourn the merits of ancestors, bless world peace, bless the good weather, and pray for the elimination of diseases and disasters.

Wukui dance, also known as "Wukui dance", is a celebration dance of Manchu people. Originated from the early hunting life of Manchu, it is not only the performance after harvest and hunting. Dancing in groups of five, wearing masks of tigers, leopards, bears, deer and roe deer, is cheerful and interesting.

Banquets, celebrations, songs and dances

This kind of song and dance is mainly mangshi Qi Dance, also known as mangshi Dance. This kind of dance scene is varied, including "male busy", "female busy", "opponent dance" and "line dance". Not only at banquets and festivals.

It is the main representative form of Manchu dance in mangshi, and the word "mangshi" is a transliteration of Manchu dance. Mangshi's performance form has been recorded in Liu Liao by Bin: "Manchuria Banquet. Both men and women are masters and can change dances. They will hold one sleeve high on their foreheads and the other sleeve behind their backs and hover proudly. There is also Japanese mangshi, who sings alone and is summarized by the word "Qi". Judea's Han songs and dances regard this as a kind of life. " . Wu's Notes on Ningguta records: "Manchu folk songs and dances are famous for their vulgarity, and both men and women are arrogant. Two people dance with each other, while others clap their hands and sing. On new year's eve or in a celebration, every sentence is. A ceremony of "being a fool with potential" was held in the ancestral hall.

Court Song and Dance: Court Song and Dance appear in many court activities, such as festivals, expeditions, victories, celebrations and banquets. Among them are the entertainment of Manchu royalty and nobles, as well as the performances of professional actors. After entering the customs, the Qing dynasty accepted all the ritual and music systems except traditional songs and dances, such as Zhonghe Shaole, Jiaomiao Mountain Bigu, Palace Banquet Zhonghe Yueqing, Shanbi Yueqing and so on. Manchu traditional song and dance is a dance trend song integrated into court song and dance, which is different from the traditional movements of past dynasties.

Qinglong dance: Qinglong dance is a kind of situational dance performed in harvest year and celebration ceremony. It is the most Manchu-style dance among the court dances in Qing Dynasty, leaving a deep trace of folk dance. Qinglong dance takes dancing and vigorous dancing as its pleasure, and originated from reckless dancing. This name was formed during the Qianlong period. It is used for New Year's Day, Longevity Day, New Year's Eve, and the grand banquet of the emperor's wedding in the palace. Usually performed by princes, ministers and dancers. The dance is quite big, with hundreds of people and instrumental accompaniment.

Folk Song and Dance: Yangko is the most distinctive among Manchu folk songs and dances. This is a traditional folk song and dance, especially the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. At this time, every village and township organized yangko teams to perform in all aspects. Performers often have various appearances, such as scholars, old people and old women, sometimes dancing, sometimes talking and sometimes singing. This Manchu song and dance is very popular.

Yangko: Also known as "Tatar Yangko". Much better than last night. There are dozens or dozens of dancers. The performers each took a ruler and two logs and went on strike while dancing. Usually three or four people pretend to be women, three or four people pretend to join the army, play umbrellas and lanterns, and sell plasters. Accompanied by gongs and drums, "Dance is a song, and song is a dance". This is a costume song and dance performance. Some people walk, others walk on stilts. If two yangko teams meet on the road, they will resist the shoulder-lifting ceremony and respect each other.

Manchu folk dance. Performed by several men with bronze bells tied around their waists. Playing the board and twisting the waist bell to make the board bell harmonious. Originated from the early riding and shooting life of Manchu.