Mr. nan's main views on the role of vernacular Chinese movement

A few days ago, my old friend Ji Jun strongly recommended nan huaijin to me, and said with emotion, "We all had a little knowledge of traditional culture before, and it was only after reading nan huaijin's book that we suddenly realized." I didn't take it at first. According to my prejudice, the gold content of high-yield writers' works is often questionable. Mr. nan huaijin has so many works that he seems to have discussed all areas of traditional culture. I can't believe it. It's not that I haven't read his article. A few years ago, when he was at his best, he read a little from the crowd and left no impression, so it was over. This time, I can't stand Ji Jun's repeated recommendation. Maybe I really can't be underestimated, so I found one of Nan's most important works, The Analects of Confucius. First reading, regret. Yes, this Analects is the classroom record of South students. There are inevitably some mistakes in the speech, but according to Mr. Nan himself, he has spoken the Analects of Confucius four times in 15 years, and he can make some revisions before publishing the book, which is also responsible for the readers.

To tell the truth, after reading Learn First, I have no interest in reading any more: a piece of absurd talk, a pedantic talk. This is what I thought after reading it. Later, I saw Mr. Zhang Zhongxing say that after reading the Analects of Confucius for about 100 pages, I decided not to read it any more. It seems that Mr BOC is more patient than me. Ji Jun said, don't be too busy evaluating. You may not say so if you bite your teeth and read the whole book. I said, the first piece stinks. Do you want a second piece? If you eat sand for the first meter, will there be food for the whole bowl of rice? Ji Jun also said that nan huaijin revealed in his speech that some contents were "convenient" and there was no need to delve into its details. I said, not to mention the wording of the article, (radishes and cabbages have their own tastes, and it is also his style for him to interpret classics like this. The textual research errors of righteousness are endless, which is inconvenient at all. So many mistakes in the article will not benefit all sentient beings, but will mislead children. Ji Jun smiled: How many mistakes are there? I said: it's not a big problem to find a hundred mistakes. Ji Jun said, then you can write. Because of this sentence, I crustily skin of head and began to read this "magnificent masterpiece". After reading the article for politics, I quickly admitted my mistake to Ji Jun: "I was wrong." "How about it?" "Not a hundred fallacies, but more than a hundred fallacies." So there is this title, and there is the following text.

It should be noted that Mr. Nan has too many unconventional surprises in this book. As a scholar, there is no need to make irresponsible remarks as long as it makes sense. What I want to point out here are those obvious injuries. Of course, I will also dare to put forward my own views on some things that can be discussed, hoping that those who know will decide what is right and wrong.

In the discussion, the main length will be Nan's original words, which is also a helpless move. My comments are in brackets. If readers are worried that I am out of context, they can refer to the original text. Mr. Nan's works are outstanding in today's world and are easy to find on the Internet.

foreword

"As for the value of Confucius' theory and The Analects of Confucius, no matter at any time or in any region, as long as it is not misinterpreted, it will always have indestructible and immortal value.

(The key is not to "misinterpret")

"I said, for example, since the May 4th Movement, China literature has changed from old literary works to vernacular Chinese. What is its function? In the past few decades, we have witnessed the popularization of education, knowledge and absorbing world knowledge, which undeniably promoted the progress of families. But for China culture, it was cut off from now on. What is the reason? There are too many things piled up in China's cultural inventory, and thousands of years of culture have been preserved through ancient prose. As for the students who have received the education of vernacular literature, they can't read ancient Chinese, and of course they can't open this warehouse. Therefore, from the standpoint of China culture, they have to stop here.

The history of the May 4th New Culture Movement has its own conclusion. After more than ten years of "vernacular education", I can still read ancient Chinese, and now nearly half of middle school Chinese textbooks are classical Chinese. From Mr. Nan's interpretation of The Analects of Confucius, we can see that he was a "victim" of the May 4th Movement, because his ancient prose is hard to compliment. )

"One hundred years ago, there was no distinction between men and women in English and French books unless they were experts.

(Is this a fact? What is "gender-neutral"? Old English does exist in Britain, but it was incomprehensible to ordinary English people a hundred years ago. It's too exaggerated. )

"For example, the toilet, an indispensable thing in our daily life, was' convenient' when we were young, then' to relieve ourselves', and now it is' number one'. Look at it, it has changed a lot in the past decades. Therefore, when we read the materials, we found that the vernacular before and after the May 4th Movement was simply unreasonable. Can't you say it well in the present article? That's great. Okay？ After reading the article, the value is over, and most of them have no retained value.

(This is nan huaijin's logic, "It's fine", but "It has no reserved value". The movement of vernacular Chinese has been less than a hundred years, and has its own mature process; The classical Chinese has not changed, otherwise why did Zhu bother to annotate The Analects? Mr. Nan must think that most classical Chinese are valuable, but history seems to think otherwise. )

"After the Tang and Song Dynasties, China culture, if you want to talk about Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, will become the three major stores. Buddhism is like a department store, where there are all kinds of department stores and everything. If you have money and time, you can go shopping. ..... Taoism is like a shop, you don't have to go if you are not sick, but you have to go if you are sick. ..... Confucian Confucius and Mencius thought is a grain depot, which is to be eaten every day. "

(This is a novel metaphor in the whole book, but it should be pointed out that this metaphor is not originated by Nan, but borrowed from Travel Notes of Lao Can. The ninth time: "Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are like three pavements, and three brands have been set up. In fact, they are all groceries and daily necessities. But the shops of Confucianism are bigger, and the shops of Buddhism and Taoism are smaller and all-encompassing. " )

"To deeply understand the evolution of China's culture and history, we should not only understand why it happened today, but also know what to do in the future. These are all very important issues at present, so we should study the four books. "

(Zhao Pu, Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, said: "Half of the Analects of Confucius governs the world." Now it is "a set of four books to rule the world." Awesome! )

"Before the Southern Song Dynasty, Four Books did not use his annotations."

Were there "four books" before the Southern Song Dynasty? )

"Since we study Confucius, Confucius has two sentences in the Book of Changes and Biography:" The book is not full of words, and the words are not full of meaning. "

It has long been pointed out that the copulative part of the Book of Changes can't be ahead of Mencius in both thought and style. )

"Now in my mind, there are many places that have boldly overturned the ancient saying. Now I think the Analects of Confucius is inseparable. There are twenty articles in The Analects of Confucius, each of which is an article. In this book in our hand, we now see a circle in the sentence. This circle was broken by Rusong at first, and then it became a dogma, which cannot be broken. Moreover, the whole twenty Analects of Confucius are connected together, which is a whole article. "

(It's really "bold". The question is, is there such an article? You only need to look at the numerous appearances of Confucius in The Analects of Confucius to know whether it is an article or not. Of course, perhaps the "article" here uses nan huaijin's definition, which can be justified. It's wonderful to put words from different times, different occasions and different things together to form an article. In this way, the quotations from Chairman Mao are an article, the motto of Oxford University is an article, and the dictionary of famous sentences written by middle school students is also an article. Because Mr. Nan has such a view, in the following, in order to prove that dozens of sentences in each article are an article connecting the preceding with the following, he looks for the "grass snake gray line", which is really difficult for his hometown. This reminds me of a little game that we often play at class parties. Every time we write a sentence casually, we connect it in series. This is really an article, full of humor. We will enjoy the Analects of Confucius, but Mr. nan huaijin won't think it is a game. )

"Learning while learning" section

"Learning while learning" focuses on the "time" of time and the "learning" of probation. "

(often "when"? )

"Because the era of Confucius is only a few million, among these millions, he has 3,000 disciples, and they are all elites. That's an incredible force. "

Does Confucius really have 3,000 disciples? Reading Zhong's Shi Sanjiu, you will know that the old saying "three" and "nine" are mostly imaginary. The so-called three thousand disciples, three thousand disciples and three thousand beauties are a dime a dozen, and only bookworms will take them seriously. )

"Especially the military science expert Luz."

("A gentleman will be crowned when he dies." At the height of the war, I would rather die than surrender. Look at how Luz died, and you will know if he is a military expert. )

"It's a pleasure to have friends from afar"-don't be afraid of not knowing, and you'll know slowly. This is far away, this is far away from the space area. Confucius' knowledge did not rise until the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty 500 years later, and it was greatly improved. Dong Zhongshu promoted Confucianism, and Sima Qian wrote historical records, which greatly praised Confucius. How far apart this time! It has been lonely for 500 years, so I know that "it is a pleasure to have friends from afar."

(It turns out that Confucius' "far" has such a profound meaning, not only referring to space, but especially to time. If his hometown says "I want to eat", don't simply understand that he is hungry. What he eats here can be understood as both material food and spiritual food. When Freud's theory was popular, many people liked to explain everything. Lu Xun said that children pout, eating and drinking milk, not kissing. Besides, is Dong Zhongshu worthy to be a friend of Confucius? Confucius is a group and; Dong Zhongshu gave a lecture under the curtain, and the students rarely saw your face. Children don't talk about strangeness, fierceness, and god; Dong Zhongshu talks about the sense of disaster. Let them hold hands and thank you for your imagination. )

"The most important work of Confucius is Autumn, and the two most important sentences after he wrote Autumn are Autumn for those who know me and Autumn for those who are not me." Throughout the ages, these two sentences have their own interpretations, both of which are ambiguous, and have been clarified in our time. Why? Since the democratic era, everyone has accused Confucius of helping the autocratic emperor, because the autocratic emperor's ideological system and system used the part of Confucius' spirit of "respecting the monarch"

(1, since the May 4th Movement, there have been many articles about the author of Autumn. Confucius was never a historian of Lu. What right does he have, even the ability to be a historian of Lu? It is not uncommon to regard legends as historical facts in The Analects of Confucius. 2. Mao Zedong can say, "Those who know us are guilty of the Cultural Revolution." It is not difficult to understand the contemporary. Only Confucius was so fascinated that he became a prophet more than 2500 years ago. It was not until this democratic era that people "sinned" him for "respecting the monarch", and I wouldn't believe it if I killed him. )

"It can be seen that Confucius returned to Lu to give lectures and preach, and he was cultivating younger generations. Just like our hearts, he is afraid that this lifeline, this root, will be lost after his death. As we are now, we are desperately telling young students to let them run for a generation. "

(desperately? Don't try your best to ruin China culture, miss your children, right? )

"The University was written by Ceng Zi. It was originally an article in the record. Later, in the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was pulled out and changed into one of the four books. "

(Tang or Song? As we all know, The Four Books was written by Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty. )

"We saw it with our own eyes. Decades ago, this trend was preserved. Even if a student wins the highest prize, the government has made great achievements. When I returned to my hometown, I saw my teacher, who had neither fame nor status. Students should bow to him, just as they did when they were teachers. Students are like this to teachers, and teachers are also responsible for students for life. "

Decades ago, you saw the champion with your own eyes? Teachers and students are responsible for each other all their lives. This is nan huaijin's view on the relationship between teachers and students. If the students listening below bow to him, it should be his proudest thing. Unfortunately, times are really different, and the world is really "down". )

"For a special example, we clearly saw Fang Xiaoru in the Ming Dynasty. Later, when Ledi tried to kill him, he was not afraid of death in order to be a loyal minister. He said he would destroy nine of my families at most, and Yongle would kill ten of them. The added family is his teacher's family and thinks that the teacher did not teach him well. "

("Jia Gen" is obviously Fang's student, but Mr. Fang Xiaoru wronged him. If he is careful, he will let Mr Nan Huai Jin destroy this family. )

"In the literary world, there are three ways: one is" Jundao ",which talks about how to lead, how to be a parent, how to be a good leader in charge, and even how to be a good monitor. These are "Jundao". The second is "the way of being a minister", which means how to be a loyal subordinate and how to help one thing. Secondly, "learn from others."

(In the 1970s, Mr. Nan was still talking about teachers, who were deeply involved in traditional culture. )

"Now that we're here, it's worth studying. We should pay attention to how to establish and revive the inherent spirit of respecting teachers and attaching importance to Taoism in the future. Nowadays, respecting teachers is just a number. It is the pupils who truly respect the teachers. I think you all have this experience. If our children are studying in primary school, they will tell what the teacher said when they come back. A few years ago, on Teacher's Day, the child went home to pay tribute to the teacher and said that he would give him 50 yuan. The child must say no, this is to ask the teacher to pay 100 yuan. This kind of thing fades in middle school; ..... The higher the knowledge, the less the spirit of respecting teachers. This is a great irony of today's China culture. "

Teachers still need to be respected, but primary school students switch "What does the teacher say". If they don't respect their teachers, they will follow blindly. "Giving money to teachers" is obviously a bribe in disguise, especially linking money to students' seat performance. If you look at Three Chapters of Cui Men by Taiwan Province writer Wang Dingjun, you will have a more vivid understanding of the bad habit of "respecting teachers and attaching importance to Taoism". Nowadays, teachers are paid professionals, unlike Confucius, who need the support of students. )

"A year or two ago, there was a young man who was born (uneducated) filial. In order to be filial, he did some small things and broke the law. For such a filial person, psychologically and morally, we feel that this is "not a crime", because he got money for filial piety and medical care and violated the law. This is excusable. "

It is excusable to break the law for a "noble" reason. This is Mr nan huaijin's view. In the choice of life and death, Gao Li's wife should also be exempted from accepting bribes, because she thought of her silly daughter, which reflected a kind of loftiness. )

The word "Jun" and "A gentleman can do whatever he wants" is to overthrow the reality of Kongjiadian in the past. They think this is an autocratic thought and an ancient dogma of controlling emperors and dictatorships. This is not the case ... The word "Jun" in China culture is not a word dedicated to emperors. For example, we used to write to our peers, and it was difficult to call him Mr. or brother. Even a teacher writes to his students. The teacher is very modest and calls the students "Mr. so-and-so" If a gentleman represents the emperor, it is the "emperor", okay? There is no such thing. In our China culture, letters are usually called honorifics. This sentence means that no matter a friend or a colleague, he feels good about you. He knows you, knows you, and thinks you have to help him. But if you agree, he is a gentleman. Since you promised to help your friend finish one thing, you should obey the rules and do your best to lift the sedan chair. If you promise, you will keep your promise. "

("Wonderful explanation", no one is stupid enough to understand "a gentleman" as "an emperor". Anyone with a little common sense knows that Jun is the honorific title for each other in the world. But the context of this sentence is Confucius' statement, not repentance. In the Analects of Confucius, either "gentlemen" are used together, and when you use Jun alone, you refer to Jun unless you refer to the other party. As Confucius said, "It is better to die in the summer than to have a monarch." "Your envoy has arrived, and I am loyal. Wait a minute. Besides, I don't regard Jun as a friend. )

"So China culture ruined itself."

Look at the Analects of Confucius. I believe this more. )

"So" people who have no friends are not as good as themselves ",what is it? Don't look down on anyone, and don't think that anyone is inferior to yourself. One is self-respect, (? ) The next sentence is respect for home. Since we want self-esteem, we must respect everyone's self-esteem at the same time. "People who have no friends are not as good as themselves. "Don't think that your friends are inferior to you, and no friends are inferior to you."

The grammar is not clear. If "nothing" is regarded as "not thinking", what is "thinking"? This is simply an unreasonable remark. The point is that you don't know how to use friends as verbs. This is not snobbery. When you say "nothing" as "nothing", it still means "nothing is inferior to your friend", which is similar to the traditional explanation. This section focuses on what a gentleman wants and doesn't want. "Nothing" is not harmonious at all. )

"For the Five Classics, in the classic interpretation, the essence of each book is expressed in just a few words. Take the current vernacular as an example, you can get several doctors in just a few words per sentence. " "make a mountain out of a molehill Although everything has been involved since the Renaissance in16th century, it shows that a doctoral thesis can be written. But in ancient times, it was just a few words. "

Gu only wrote a few words because he couldn't write more. If you don't believe me, please try engraving on bamboo slips with a knife. So in ancient times, you can save it. Because of this, there are so many misunderstandings. Classical Chinese is not a good thing )

The old saying "ambition" means "will", which includes thoughts and attitudes. ..... So the phrase "Father is keeping his will" means that when the father is in front, words and deeds should be consistent. Even when my father is not in front of me, carrying my father's back, and even when my father dies, we must match our words with our deeds. "

(Let me borrow Mr. Zhang Zhongxing's comment: "Even middle school students can't make mistakes when' you' and' nothing' are in opposition, but this nan huaijin actually understands' you' as' before' and' not behind', and' ambition' is consistent with words and deeds, which also absorbs the spirit of modern women's equality. It is really incredible that there is a "coming out" besides "father". " )

"Look at the marriage instrument. In the past, I worshipped heaven and earth and my father. Later, it was changed to civilized marriage, and the bride wore white clothes. This is our past mourning; There is also a best man, Sarah's flower girl, who got married in a civilized way. Next, legal issues, writing an engagement, stamping two chapters, and adding proof are very ready for divorce. "

Like the matchmaker's words in the past, father's orders, sedan-chair weddings and marriages covered with red cloth are preferable. )

"I can't write letters, I don't know how to look, I don't know how to advance and retreat, and I don't know whether the seat is superior or inferior."

(Look at the person in Liang Shiqiu's essay Modesty who knows how to "advance and retreat" and desperately gives up his seat and knocks out his front teeth, and you will know how important it is to have a seat in middle school. )

Therefore, Wang Zhidao, the forerunner of China culture, is "beautiful". The most remarkable thing is that our culture was established earlier than any nation or family in the world. "

The four great civilizations are ancient. In terms of time, they don't seem to be ranked first in the middle, do they? )

"Historical Records compiled by Confucius is essential for learning China culture."

(Ji was compiled by Confucius? Never heard of it! I think it's based on the sentence "It's a narrative biography" in Historical Records Confucius Family. In order to raise the status of Confucius, I can't wait to put everything on Confucius, regardless of the common sense of literature and history. )

"Facts and China's philosophical thoughts are included in the Book of Changes and other books, and they are the most, but they need to be sorted out by everyone."

("and the most" refers to the number of words or content? I hope it's not arrogance. )

"There is a right path", and this "Tao" refers to learning and self-cultivation. So where is the Tao? Ancient books and books are "well-known",

(Typical "Southern School" explanation. "Tao" means "book" Is there such a saying in ancient Chinese? According to the traditional explanation-can't it be "moral"? )

Confucius said, "Give it, and then you can talk about poetry! "Confucius said that you understand this truth, and now you can start reading books and poems."

("can speak poetry" means "can start reading" and "can start reading poetry". Words should be read, spoken, poems should be said, books should be written and poems should be written. What should I say about "harmony"? Can you translate "I can discuss poetry with you"? )

"We know that in the field of literature, China culture has a process of evolution and development. Generally speaking, it is the so-called Chinese, Tang poetry, Song poetry, Yuanqu and Ming novels. In the Qing dynasty, I think it was the couplets, especially the famous artists like ZTE and Zuo, who developed the couplets to the highest point. This is probably the evolution of our literary form for thousands of years. "

(Han Fu, right? Who is the highest couplet in Qing Dynasty? It's not too late to talk about literary history. )

The part of "becoming a politician"

"Confucius said: Governing the country by virtue is like Beichen, living in its place, and the stars are * * *. The Big Dipper was discovered in the past.

It's time for the west to point to Ursa major. ..... In the past, great generals had to know astronomy, geography and everything before they could lead troops. Because astronomy is very important in the military, take marching as an example. If you cross the road, you can tell the direction without instruments. I used to have a very ordinary culture, but now we know nothing about the inherent "astronomy" We can't help but pay attention to these things handed down from generation to generation, and we must pick them up. ..... Throughout the year, the movement of celestial constellations seems to obey the command of the Big Dipper, follow it and revolve around it. Not only all the year round, but also every month, the direction pointed by the Big Dipper is different, and the whole celestial body is running at any time. At twelve o'clock every day, the direction of the Big Dipper is also changing, and it is a fixed change for trillions of years. It can't be wrong, and it will never be wrong. "

This paragraph reflects the style of The Analects. Let's say: 1, Beichen is the North Star, not the Big Dipper; 2. Ursa major is two concepts. In fact, the Big Dipper is just the belly and tail of Ursa major, not the occasion of Ursa major. 3. A general must have a lot of knowledge, but "knowing astronomy above and geography below, everything can lead troops" is a bit magical. Ordinary people can also tell the direction according to the starry sky, and it seems that they don't need to be proficient in astronomy. Mr. nan said this, perhaps because he read too many romantic novels; It is true that we have detailed observation records of ancient astronomical phenomena. For example, every time Halley's comet appeared in history, its ancestors recorded it. Unfortunately, they never knew it was the same comet. On the other hand, Inghaley, who has only seen it once in his life, successfully calculated its orbit and predicted its period. Therefore, it seems unnecessary to "retrieve" our "inherent astronomy"; 5. "This is trillions of years, a fixed change, and it can't be wrong. In fact, it can never be wrong ",a typical metaphysics. The big bang theory tells us that the universe is expanding rapidly all the time, and the Big Dipper thousands of years ago and thousands of years later is definitely not this shape. Perhaps it is out of this "fixed" concept that Mr. Nan worships The Analects of Confucius and the ancients so much. )

"Just mentioned, the earliest development of China culture is science, and the earliest development of science is astronomy. To talk about the history of world science and even the history of science, we must first study astronomy. When it comes to astronomy, astronomy in China was developed 3,000 years ago. It is the first one in the world. "

("On science, we must study astronomy first", a unique opinion. )

Taoist Zhuangzi said, "A hurricane begins at the end of Pingmei". Hurricanes are typhoons in Cantonese and Fujian dialects, but they are also typhoons in the west. We saw that the intensity of the typhoon was so strong, but when it woke up, we only saw a duckweed leaf on the water, which moved for a while, followed by the appearance of one level and one level, and gradually became a typhoon. "

(Please, Miss Nan, how about some common sense? Typhoons are not magically shaped like you said. The hometown of typhoon is in the Pacific Ocean, unlike duckweed. )

"Or, sitting at home dropped a dollar, this is an accident? But because he was sitting at home, he picked up the money when it fell! He doesn't sit at home when he goes out, and the money that falls is not his. "

(wonderful logic! By analogy, everything is inevitable and there is no accident in the world. Mr. nan, admire! Indeed, scientists have coined the word "accident". )

"Three hundred" refers to the Book of Songs in China literature, which is the work of the fourth son of each family (local unit) for hundreds of years since Zhou Dynasty.

(The Book of Songs was not compiled by Confucius. Confucius may have contributed to the music arrangement of The Book of Songs, which has long been a conclusion in the history of literature. The so-called deletion of poems by Confucius is nothing more than to raise Confucius' attachment. Besides, the Book of Songs is not all the works of Lao Si. )

The other three kinds of works in The Book of Songs are "Fu", which means direct narration. Followed by "than", if you see heavy snow, you will think of your hometown in the north, ... "

(1, "other three forms", compared with the previous Yasong, it seems that the Book of Songs is divided into six categories. Seeing snow reminds me of my hometown, so "Xing" is not "Bi". "Xing" is a touch of scenery, which is caused by things. "Bi" is a metaphor. Common sense! )

"In the history of China, any great politician is a great poet and writer."

(another "everything"! )

"Because we are Shirley, China writers are philosophers and philosophers are writers. To understand China's philosophy, you must read all the books of the past five thousand years. "

Who can "read all the books in five thousand years"? It seems that China's philosophy has not been understood at all times. Sad husband! )

"When will there be a bright moon? Asking for wine from heaven, I wonder what year it is tonight? " Isn't it a philosophical problem? Where did the universe come from? Will the emperor eat western food or Chinese food tonight?

As soon as Mr. Nan explained, I understood that this is a philosophical problem. Just the last sentence, can you cut down on this boring gag? )

"There is no distinction between literature and history: China historians are all great writers and philosophers."

("Du" and "Du". )

"There is no difference between politics and politics: a great politician is a great writer."

(Another "Du". )

"We have a straightforward Emperor Gaozu, and he will also have a' big wind and flying clouds, Wei Jiahai returns to his hometown'. "Stop that now! If you don't get to that position, maybe it will be: "The typhoon is coming, the tiles are blown off, and the rain is leaking down my stairs!" "Therefore, a great politician must have a sincere sense of poetry."

(……)

"At the age of 60, the problem came again. What happened to Confucius' ears before he was sixty? Is the auricular point inflamed? "

("Southern Humor")

"If you want to understand the changes in political forms in the Middle Ages, you must read' ten ring' or' Three Links'-general outline, general outline, general outline."

(The "three links" refer to Tongdian (Tang Duyou), Tongzhi (Nanqiao) and Literature General Examination (Duan Lin). It's really good that you have created a general scholar and a general exam. )

"Sun Meng asked me about filial piety, and I said to him," There is no violation. " It was the nickname of Meng, because he had a considerable position in the dynasty at that time and was a good man politically, so Confucius respected him very much and only called him by his nickname.

(Sun Meng is a compound surname, not a surname. Forgive my ignorance, but in autumn, are there any figures? )

"We know that China culture often stresses filial piety, especially Confucianism. Edit four books and five classics, add filial piety and elegance, and collect thirteen classics series. "

The Thirteen Classics are all about filial piety? )

"The most knowledgeable people in the world never write anything or a word. Their thoughts and theories are written by students. Like Sakyamuni and Jesus, students write things, not themselves. But the two saints in the class are miserable, and Confucius is the worst. Students don't write very much. Teachers write to praise students. ..... Today we know Yan Hui, and Confucius often mentions his proud disciple in his works. "

Mr. Nan took The Analects of Confucius as a work of Confucius, which was not mistaken. He said this more than once in this book. )

"Confucius said: Knowing new things can be a teacher. From the text to explain, as we all know, it means that the past serves the present and you can be a teacher at home. According to the literal interpretation, that's it. In fact, we need a deeper understanding. " So "-to know the past, such as the history of China, after five thousand years, the twenty-fifth history. "

From the word "far", we can think of it for a long time, and from the word "reason", we can contact twenty-five histories. Mr. nan is consistent. "So" should be said to be "past" and "new" should be said to be "present". I have learned. )

"To discuss these four kinds, if you use the science of modern job classification as your doctoral thesis, you can at least write him two million words. But my ancient culture likes simplicity, and hundreds of words of articles will be solved. "

(No wonder his "The Analects of Confucius" needs to write 1000 pages to explain thousands of words. According to Mr. Nan, 10,000 pages should be written. In The Analects of Confucius, this kind of praise for China's ancient culture is "simple" everywhere. The question is, why didn't Mr. Nan, who was saddened by "cutting off the cultural lifeline" during the May 4th Movement, write his masterpiece in "simple" classical Chinese? )

Confucius said: By! What do you know? A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know. You are the real name, and Luz's real name is Zhong You. There should be a small punctuation mark under the word "teaching" to indicate education and teaching.

(disconnect "teaching", is this still a sentence? )

In particular, ancient articles, said at different times and places, can be linked together, but they can still be a tortuous and structural article with great literary value.

(But this literary value needs to be explored by Mr. nan huaijin, who is both "bold" and delving into the past. It's really not easy. )

"Now is 1974, which is the 20th century. It's quite sad that we now stand on the standpoint of China culture in this western language. A grandfather should not be parallel to his grandson and should not erase his own history. "

(To use AD is to erase one's own history, that is, grandparents and grandchildren are parallel, which is really "painful". However, the West now uses Arabic numerals. Do they feel lost, too Perhaps only people with megalomania will care so much about what belongs to them. )