Excuse me, what is a "railing"

Also known as "female wall", "female wall" and "arrow stack"

Dimension: used to describe the small concave-convex wall at the top of the city wall.

Architectural Style in Song Dynasty: The "parapet" is the transition of adding an arch wall to the roof of a private house.

The origin of parapet

The parapet was called "female wall" and "female wall" in ancient times, which meant voyeurism. It is a battlement built on the city wall in imitation of women's arrogance, so it later evolved into a special architectural term. In particular, it refers to the low wall whose outer wall is higher than the roof, which we can still see in the existing ancient buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties.

According to Ci Yuan, there is a small concave-convex wall above the city wall; Interpretation of the name and palace: "The wall on the city, also known as the female wall, is not as good as the city." It means that because ancient women were humble and had no status, they were used to describe the small concave-convex wall above the city wall, which is the origin of the name parapet.

In the Song Dynasty's Architectural Style, it is said that "the word is inferior to the city, and the woman is to her husband", which is the part above the edge of the city wall. The fifty-first chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms wrote: "I saw a flag flying in the open space near the female wall, and no one was guarding it." The word "female wall" here refers to the continuous concave-convex toothed low wall built on the outside at the top of the city wall to cover the soldiers guarding the city from attacking the enemy. Some cribs have observation holes in the upper part to observe invading enemies, and ventilation holes in the lower part.

Later, the parapet was also called "arrogant", referring to the small wall on the top of the city wall, which was built on the inside of the top of the city wall and was generally lower than the crib, playing a role in blocking and protecting. That's the other wall covering the city wall, which is the "daughter of the city wall". "Ancient and Modern Theory" records: "The female wall, the small wall on the city is also a kind of pride, and it is also a glimpse of the people on the city." It can be seen that the parapet is not only related to voyeurs, but also has a straightforward name, but the word "arrogance" is too narrow and not as subtle as "parapet", so the name "parapet" became more popular later.

Li He wrote in the poem "Shichengxiao": "Under the moon, the levee rises." Du Fu wrote in a poem entitled "The Wall of the Provincial Courtyard": "Bamboo and wood are ten to find." The word "ai" in Chinese refers to its second meaning, which refers to the meaning of low wall.

Liu Yuxi wrote in the poem "Stone City": "The old country is surrounded by mountains, and the tide hits the empty city and it is lonely. In the old moon east of Huaishui, I also came to the female wall at night. " . Li Yu wrote in Leisure Story: Living Room Department: "If it is released privately, it can be named Shoulder Wall within this name. Women are called unmarried women, but they are actually very small. If they point to the small wall on the city, they will go to the city to defend the enemy. Is it a woman? "

According to Li Yu's book, the "female wall" should be a small wall to prevent indoor women and girls from contacting the outside world. It turns out that in ancient times, women were locked in boudoir and could not go out of three doors and four households. However, the small wall is not over the shoulder, and you can peek at the beautiful spring scenery outside the wall. Besides, the wall is dead, but it is alive, so this parapet has made many stories of talented people and beautiful women. Later, this architectural form of parapet not only met the needs of ancient women's voyeurism, but also avoided the embarrassment of being laughed at. Women often fall in love at first sight and find their Mr. Right at a glance.

Throughout the ages, there have been countless mysterious glances and poetic descriptions about the inside and outside of the parapet. Such as: "Swing inside the wall, beauty inside the wall laughs outside the wall", "The voice is getting louder and louder, and all kinds of amorous feelings are mercilessly annoyed", "The partition wall is moving, and it is suspected that the jade man is coming" (note: from outside to inside), "All love can't be locked, and an apricot comes out of the wall" (note: from inside to outside). It can be seen that behind this seemingly rigid architectural form, there is a very rich charm, that is: how do you know the implicit beauty of spring without leaning on short walls?

Nowadays, parapet has become a special architectural term. With the development and progress of society, the romance and poetry of parapet are no longer talked about by people, but only a 90 cm high brick-concrete structure parapet in the national building code. It returns to the origin of architecture and plays its due role in architecture. Generally, it is an indispensable closed part in the construction process on the roofs of some unit buildings.

In ancient times, there was a story of Mulan's "joining the army as her father", and in Qing Dynasty, there was also a legend of Hu Qiaoyun's "building a wall for her father". This "wall" is the "parapet" of Deshengmen in Shenyang.

At that time, after the old man Wang Nuerhachi moved his capital from Liaoyang to Shenyang, he immediately sent a letter to expand the new city. The theory of Zhouyi Bagua was adopted in the reconstruction of the new capital. The number of city gates will be increased from 4 to 8, and a tower will be built at each city gate, and 65/kloc-0 piers will be built around the city. Later, Nurhachi died before the completion date, and the city was continued by his son, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty.

Strangely, of these 65 1 crenels, only 60 crenels on Deshengmen (South Gate) tower are shorter than those on the other seven towers by a layer of blue bricks, which is more than two inches. What's going on here? It turned out that Nurhachi suspected that the wall was built too slowly and ordered Ding Zengfu to be arrested everywhere. As a result, all the men in Fiona Fang, the capital of Shengjing, were taken to repair the city. There is a father and daughter 60 miles south of the city. My father is in his sixties, old and frail, and has been ill in bed for many years. My daughter Hu Qiaoyun lost her mother in her early years and only lived with her father. She lives on her father's diet every day, carrying excrement and urine. She never complains, and she is a filial girl in a million. On this day, the notice of recruiting Ding suddenly reached the Hu family. One has to repair the city. Father and daughter were stunned. The old man has been ill for many years, and his life is still worrying. What about repairing the city There is only one girl and no boy in Qiao Yun's family. What can we do? Watching his father sigh, Qiao Yun secretly made up his mind to repair the city for his father. She seriously entrusted her father to an enthusiastic neighbor temporarily, disguised as a man, pretending to be the son of the Hu family, resolutely joined the ranks of repairing the city, and was assigned to the crib on the Deshengmen rostrum to plaster it. At first, everyone didn't doubt this "young man" with a beautiful face, but strangely, he has a "sissy" and never takes off his clothes at night. A few days later, Qiao Yun thought of his father when he was in a plaster cast on his hospital bed. He felt uneasy and shed tears unconsciously. This scene happened to be discovered by the supervisor who had been standing beside her. The supervisor has been observing her for a long time. Looking at her figure and manner, she felt more and more suspicious. When I found that she looked up and wiped her sweat, and there was no J knot in her throat, my feeling became more and more sudden. Qiao Yun saw that she was caught. She had to tell the truth about her disguised as a man. The competent leader quickly reported to the director. The director didn't dare to neglect, so he made it clear to the emperor. Huang taiji was very surprised and immediately praised her filial piety. But at the same time, Huang taiji thought it was unlucky for women to build a city, so he said to the director, "Remove one layer of bricks from the top of the sixty stacks of Deshengmen and call it the parapet." Since then, the name of "parapet" has spread. People also made up a xiehouyu; "The battlements on the South Gate City are short."