Why are there twelve constellations _ Why are there twelve constellations and zodiac signs?

Why is there the name "Twelve Constellations"

1 Aries:

Aries is actually a relatively dim constellation. There are no bright stars. The brightest star is called Hamal, which means sheep head. China's name is Lou Susan, and the apparent magnitude is 2.0, which is not very bright. However, Venus is in Aries recently and can crush other constellations all day. . . The name Aries comes from the story of golden fleece in ancient Greek mythology. In a certain country (probably located in the southwest of Greece, because I was confused at that time and didn't understand the relationship between the three place names Tessali, Minos and Pioxia), King Atamas and the cloud goddess Nefeller had a son and a daughter, namely Prince friso and Princess Heller. Later, like all dog blood stories, Atamas moved on and fell in love with enoch. Nefeller left angrily, and the drought came to the country. Then the kind stepmother enoch began to murder his stepson and stepdaughter. . . The specific killing situation is different. In most versions, she told Atamas that sacrificing Prince friso to God was the only way to stop the drought. At this time, Nefeller came to save her child-then the protagonist appeared-and Nefeller brought a golden sheep with wings. This golden sheep is also well-founded-it was born by Poseidon, the sea god, and Poseidon had copulation with the fairy Theophany when he was still a sheep. Then Frissos and Heller ran away on the golden sheep, but in the process of running away, Heller fell off the sheep, and the sea she fell into was named Heller Sea (now renamed as the strait connecting the Aegean Sea and Malahi, which is part of the Istanbul Strait). Then friso successfully fled to Korkas (now Georgia) and was welcomed by King Ides. Then friso killed the golden sheep and presented it to Poseidon, the sea god. Sheep were raised to the sky and became Aries. . . Aries is actually a relatively dim constellation. There are no bright stars. The brightest star is called Hamal, which means sheep head. China's name is Lou Susan, and the apparent magnitude is 2.0, which is not very bright. However, Venus is in Aries recently and can crush other constellations all day. . . The name Aries comes from the story of golden fleece in ancient Greek mythology. In a certain country (probably located in the southwest of Greece, because I was confused at that time and didn't understand the relationship between the three place names Tessali, Minos and Pioxia), King Atamas and the cloud goddess Nefeller had a son and a daughter, namely Prince friso and Princess Heller. Later, like all dog blood stories, Atamas moved on and fell in love with enoch. Nefeller left angrily, and the drought came to the country. Then the kind stepmother enoch began to murder his stepson and stepdaughter. . . The specific killing situation is different. In most versions, she told Atamas that sacrificing Prince friso to God was the only way to stop the drought. At this time, Nefeller came to save her child-then the protagonist appeared-and Nefeller brought a golden sheep with wings. This golden sheep is also well-founded-it was born by Poseidon, the sea god, and Poseidon had copulation with the fairy Theophany when he was still a sheep. Then Frissos and Heller ran away on the golden sheep, but in the process of running away, Heller fell off the sheep, and the sea she fell into was named Heller Sea (now renamed as the strait connecting the Aegean Sea and Malahi, which is part of the Istanbul Strait). Then friso successfully fled to Korkas (now Georgia) and was welcomed by King Ides. Then friso killed the golden sheep and presented it to Poseidon, the sea god. Sheep were raised to the sky and became Aries. . .

In fact, this sheep left a more famous story, which is the love-hate relationship between Jason and Medea. Friso gave golden fleece of a golden goat to Aedes as a gift, and then everyone knew the story of Argo. This is another story.

2.taurus?

There is a bright star in Taurus. In the picture, Aldebaran (from Arabic, meaning follower) and China's name is Bi Su Wu. At present, the story of Taurus in Greek mythology should (because there are different opinions, which will be mentioned later) come from the story of Europa girl. Well, that's right, it's the Europa girl. . . Europa was a princess of Phoenicia, and she was very beautiful (at this time, you can pile up various adjectives to describe the beauty of this girl), and then Zeus, as a romantic, began to play tricks on her (anyway, Zeus has been seducing girls in various ways in the whole Greek mythology). In order to seduce her, Zeus turned himself into a strong white cow and then mixed with Europa's father's herd. Then Princess Europa and her female companion saw the white bull when they were picking flowers in the herd, and then they stroked the cow, and then (omitted 10000 words) they rode on the back of the cow in a daze. Then Zeus quickly seized the opportunity to carry her off the sea and swam all the way to Crete, where he revealed his identity to her and finally succeeded (where is my moral integrity ……). Europa became the first queen of Crete, and the mainland under her feet was named after her (actually Crete is not in the European continent, and I don't know how the great ancestors of ancient Greece made up stories). Zeus then shaped a constellation in the sky according to the shape of the white cow, which was called Taurus. . .

? I believe the names of the first two constellations can be seen at least. Actually, it should be called Taurus and Taurus. . .

There is another saying about the name of Taurus, which is related to another sister IO seduced by Zeus. After Io was seduced by Zeus, she turned Io into a heifer in order not to let Hera find out. I won't say more about the specific plot. In some versions, Taurus was changed after Io took off, but this version of Europa is more recognizable. Today, Jupiter in the solar system is named after Zeus (Jupiter, his name in Rome). Among them, Jupiter's two larger moons, Io and Europa, were named Io and Europa respectively. There should be other versions of this story, but I don't know. ...

3.Gemini

Gemini is one of the easily recognizable constellations in the zodiac, because Gemini has two bright stars. . . These two stars are both in the picture. They are called kastor (North River II) and Poldyux (North River III). These goods are Gemini twins. Their stories are quite rich and wonderful. The story begins with dear Mr. Zeus. This time, he took a fancy to Rita, the queen of Sparta, and then turned into a swan to seduce her, and then successfully realized his wish (forgive me for running away from home). Rita then had sexual intercourse with her husband, and finally gave birth to two pairs of twins, one of whom was the child of the Spartan king, namely Caster and Clytaemestra; The other pair is Zeus' children, that is, Portius and the famous beauty Helen (the person who caused the Trojan War). So according to the setting of this story, Custer is a descendant of human beings, so he will die (nonsense), but Bordeaux is a descendant of God, so he is immortal. Caster and Portius grew up to be very close brothers. They are all Argo's heroes (yes, Jason went to find golden fleece's boat), and they also played once to save Helen and take her back from King theseus of Athens. There are many stories about them. Here is only a short story related to Gemini: that is, the two sons of the brother of the Spartan king (that is, their cousin Caster), the fiancé es of Linkos and Iddas, were abducted to Crete by Caster and Bohr dukes, and then each gave birth to a son. Later, Linkos and Iddas took Caster and Bohr dukes out surfing. They robbed the herdsmen's cattle, and then when dividing the beef, Linkos and Iddas designed to humiliate them both. The two of them planned revenge, and the chance of revenge was that when Lincos and Iddas came to Sparta to visit their uncle, they took the opportunity to let Lincos and Iddas's cows run away. The result was discovered, so they fought. As a result, Iddas stabbed kastor with a spear, and Bohr dukes killed Lincos. Just as Iddas was about to kill Bohr Dacres, Zeus hacked Iddas to death to save his son. . . Then Bordeaux was very sad because Caster died, so he asked Zeus to give Caster half of his immortal body. So Zeus lifted them to the sky and turned them into Gemini. The two brightest stars in Gemini were named after them.

There are many tidbits in this story. For example, Lincks had an excellent eye for story setting, and it was seeing the twins let their cows go that triggered the fight between the two brothers. Later, astronomers named the constellation where the gap between Ursa major and Auriga is located as Linkos, saying that because this constellation is extremely dim, only people with vision like Linkos can see it. Well, the climax is the Chinese translation of this constellation called Tmall. . . Now it seems that Ma Yun is really far-sighted (Linkos, Lynx, meaning animals like lynx). . . For example, when Linkos and Iddas came to Sparta, Helen and Paris, Prince of Troy, were also in Sparta. It was because the two of them went out to play practical jokes that Paris had a chance to refuse Helen, which led to the Trojan War. . .

4. Cancer

Cancer is the darkest constellation in the zodiac, without a brighter star. However, Jupiter is in Cancer recently. If Jupiter is found, there will be cancer behind Jupiter (update: it is no longer there). . . The name of Cancer comes from Hercules, the most legendary and famous hero in ancient Greek mythology. Heracles's father is our acquaintance-the sister of the seducer Zeus. Zeus took a fancy to the sister of Queen alcmene of Thebes (counted as Zeus' great granddaughter) and pretended to be her husband when her husband Amphitryon went out ... but Amphitryon came back that night, which was better than the wedding after a long separation. So they lived in harmony again. So later, alcmene gave birth to a pair of half-twins-Hercules and Iphickles. Hercules was jealous of Hera, the queen of heaven, and Hera tried to kill him in various ways. For example, when Hercules was only eight months old, Hera put a poisonous snake in his cradle, but Hercules, then a baby, killed the snake. Later, Hercules was lured crazy by Hera and killed his wife and children after getting married and having children. After he woke up, he regretted it. In order to atone, he accepted the task of Eurystheus, king of Thebes-ten impossible tasks (Eurystheus later went back on his word and added two more). Thebes' throne should have belonged to Hercules, but Hera got off Eurystheus and inherited the throne. Eurystheus is also the main enemy of Hercules). Later, Heracles was lured crazy by Hera, killed his friend Evy Toth, and then went to serve Queen Opal to atone. He also participated in the Argo expedition to find golden fleece, saved Prometheus and captured Troy (before the Trojan War). Cancer originated from the second of the ten impossible tasks. He was sent to get rid of Xu Dela, a nine-headed water snake living in LeLeonard Lake. This water snake was put there by Hera to wait for Hercules. Hercules went to Xu Dela with a sickle (a sword or a stick according to some works of art). But he soon discovered that when he cut off one of Xu Dela's heads, two heads would grow in the original place. Later, Heracles's nephew Yi Olaus thought of a way, that is, the growth behavior of this snake head is very similar to that of a plant. After cutting off its head every time, it can quickly burn off the residual neck with a flamethrower. Hercules adopted this method, and after successfully cutting off Xu Dela's head, no new head grew. See Xu Dela don't stay up at this time, Hera released cancer (the protagonist finally came to 23333) to help, the result was easily trampled to death by Heracles (also said to be killed or hacked to death with a tree). Finally, Hercules successfully cut off Xu Dela's real head with Jin Jian given by Athena and killed it. Xu Dela and Cancer were later promoted to the sky by Hera, becoming Ophiuchus and Cancer respectively. Cancer is the darkest constellation in the zodiac, without a brighter star. However, Jupiter is in Cancer recently. If Jupiter is found, there will be cancer behind Jupiter (update: it is no longer there). . . The name of Cancer comes from Hercules, the most legendary and famous hero in ancient Greek mythology. Heracles's father is our acquaintance-the sister of the seducer Zeus. Zeus took a fancy to the sister of Queen alcmene of Thebes (counted as Zeus' great granddaughter) and pretended to be her husband when her husband Amphitryon went out ... but Amphitryon came back that night, which was better than the wedding after a long separation. So they lived in harmony again. So later, alcmene gave birth to a pair of half-twins-Hercules and Iphickles. Hercules was jealous of Hera, the queen of heaven, and Hera tried to kill him in various ways. For example, when Hercules was only eight months old, Hera put a poisonous snake in his cradle, but Hercules, then a baby, killed the snake. Later, Hercules was lured crazy by Hera and killed his wife and children after getting married and having children. After he woke up, he regretted it. In order to atone, he accepted the task of Eurystheus, king of Thebes-ten impossible tasks (Eurystheus later went back on his word and added two more). Thebes' throne should have belonged to Hercules, but Hera got off Eurystheus and inherited the throne. Eurystheus is also the main enemy of Hercules). After that, Heracles was lured crazy by Hera, killed his good friend Evy Toth, and then went to serve Queen Opal to atone. He also participated in the Argo expedition to find golden fleece, saved Prometheus and captured Troy (before the Trojan War). Cancer originated from the second of the ten impossible tasks. He was sent to get rid of Xu Dela, a nine-headed water snake living in LeLeonard Lake. This water snake was put there by Hera to wait for Hercules. Hercules went to Xu Dela with a sickle (a sword or a stick according to some works of art). But he soon discovered that when he cut off one of Xu Dela's heads, two heads would grow in the original place. Later, Heracles's nephew Yi Olaus thought of a way, that is, the growth behavior of this snake head is very similar to that of a plant. After cutting off its head every time, it can quickly burn off the residual neck with a flamethrower. Hercules adopted this method, and after successfully cutting off Xu Dela's head, no new head grew. See Xu Dela don't stay up at this time, Hera released cancer (the protagonist finally came to 23333) to help, the result was easily trampled to death by Heracles (also said to be killed or hacked to death with a tree). Finally, Hercules successfully cut off Xu Dela's real head with Jin Jian given by Athena and killed it. Xu Dela and Cancer were later promoted to the sky by Hera, becoming Ophiuchus and Cancer respectively.

5. Leo

Leo is one of the twelve constellations that is easy to recognize, and there are several bright stars. The brightest star is Xuanyuan XIV (from Latin, meaning prince/king, and China called it Xuanyuan XIV), and it is also one of the brightest stars in the night sky. Leo comes from Hercules, the top ten impossible tasks. He was sent to kill lions in Nemea. There are different opinions about the origin of this lion. One of them is that lions are descendants of Zeus and Selene. This lion usually hijacks Niemoya's maiden to its cave, and then when the warriors with the dream of saving the princess rescue the maiden, they will see the injured maiden lying on the ground after entering the cave, but when they approach the maiden, the maiden will suddenly become a lion, then eat the new one and give the bone to Hadders, the guardian of Hades. The weapons on the earth can't penetrate the lion's fur, and the lion's claws are sharper than all the weapons on the earth. Hercules met a boy after he set off. The boy said that if Hercules could kill the lion and come back within 30 days, the people in the town would sacrifice a lion to Zeus. If Hercules didn't come back, he dedicated himself to Zeus (another version is that he met a shepherd and his son was eaten by a lion. The shepherd said that if he killed the lion and came back within 30 days, he would sacrifice a sheep to Zeus, otherwise he would sacrifice the sheep to Hercules). Hercules didn't know that the lion's iron cloth shirt was externally hung, so he found some arrows on the road. As a result, he found that the arrow was bounced off by the lion at the scene. . . However, Hercules managed to block a back door of the lion's cave, then went in through the front door and killed the lion with his extraordinary power (this story is bloody, and finally it depends on the opening). He peeled off the lion's skin with the lion's paw at Athena's reminder and returned as scheduled on the 30th day. The lion was lifted to the sky and became a Leo. Leo is one of the twelve constellations that is easy to recognize, and there are several bright stars. The brightest star is Xuanyuan XIV (from Latin, meaning prince/king, and China called it Xuanyuan XIV), and it is also one of the brightest stars in the night sky. Leo comes from Hercules, the top ten impossible tasks. He was sent to kill lions in Nemea. There are different opinions about the origin of this lion. One of them is that lions are descendants of Zeus and Selene. This lion usually hijacks Niemoya's maiden to its cave, and then when the warriors with the dream of saving the princess rescue the maiden, they will see the injured maiden lying on the ground after entering the cave, but when they approach the maiden, the maiden will suddenly become a lion, then eat the new one and give the bone to Hadders, the guardian of Hades. The weapons on the earth can't penetrate the lion's fur, and the lion's claws are sharper than all the weapons on the earth. Hercules met a boy after he set off. The boy said that if Hercules could kill the lion and come back within 30 days, the people in the town would sacrifice a lion to Zeus. If Hercules didn't come back, he dedicated himself to Zeus (another version is that he met a shepherd and his son was eaten by a lion. The shepherd said that if he killed the lion and came back within 30 days, he would sacrifice a sheep to Zeus, otherwise he would sacrifice the sheep to Hercules). Hercules didn't know that the lion's iron cloth shirt was externally hung, so he found some arrows on the road. As a result, he found that the arrow was bounced off by the lion at the scene. . . However, Hercules managed to block a back door of the lion's cave, then went in through the front door and killed the lion with his extraordinary power (this story is bloody, and finally it depends on the opening). He peeled off the lion's skin with the lion's paw at Athena's reminder and returned as scheduled on the 30th day. The lion was lifted to the sky and became a Leo.

6.virgo

First of all, Virgo is the name of this constellation in astrology and Virgo in astronomy. Virgo is also an easily recognizable constellation. The brightest star is Spica (Latin, the etymology of the word Spike in English, meaning ears of wheat). The name probably comes from some stories that associate Virgo with Demeter, the goddess of agriculture. I also mentioned this controversy at the end of the full text. China's name is Kaji. Now the question is, who is the Virgin of Virgo? First of all, Virgo is the name of this constellation in astrology and Virgo in astronomy. Virgo is also an easily recognizable constellation. The brightest star is Spica (Latin, the etymology of the word Spike in English, meaning ears of wheat). The name probably comes from some stories that associate Virgo with Demeter, the goddess of agriculture. I also mentioned this controversy at the end of the full text. China's name is Kaji. Now the question is, who is the Virgin of Virgo?

The answer is the daughter of Astraia, Astray Oss and eos, the goddess of the dawn. However, I want to remind you of the fact that there was also a goddess named astoria in ancient Greece. This is not a question of translation. They are not the same person. . . The hostess's name is spelled Yi Shen Xing, and the starry night goddess is Asteria. However, our hostess also has a title, which crushes the starry night goddess in all directions, because this title is called "Virgin Goddess". . . But at least it proves that China is not unique in linking virginity and purity. . . Her story is also simple: in the golden age of mankind (archaeologists say that we only have the Stone Age), all the gods lived on the ground with human beings. Later, as human beings gradually became greedy and selfish, the gods began to flee from human beings and fled to Olympus, until finally only the woman who believed in innocence and purity remained on the earth. But in the end, she also ran away. . . She couldn't stand the bad quality of human beings any longer, and fled to the sky and became a Virgo. . . The play is over. However, according to the legend of the great Greek sage, she will return to the world one day, and this time, she will be the messenger of the golden age. . . It's kind of like the judgment day in Christian legend. . . )

7. pounds

Libra has no bright stars, but it's not all dark stars (like Cancer), but there are two stars with medium brightness (although this constellation is still dark as a whole). . . As can be seen from the picture, these two stars may be basically invisible in the city. . . Libra has no bright stars, but it's not all dark stars (like Cancer), but there are two stars with medium brightness (although this constellation is still dark as a whole). . . As can be seen from the picture, these two stars may be basically invisible in the city. . .

If you want to make the story of Libra short, you can end it with one sentence: It is the balance in the hands of Astraia, a virgin in the sky!

But obviously this is not good. After all, when did the hostess of our last constellation start to bring props? . . In fact, in Greek mythology, many goddesses carry scales, such as Demeter, the goddess of agriculture, Simis, the goddess of law and discipline, and Dyke, the goddess of justice related to our mistress. Dyke, one of the three goddesses of time series, is the daughter of Zeus and themis. Like her mother, she holds the balance in her hand and is responsible for the fairness and justice of the world. In ancient Greek mythology, Astraia and Dyke were often associated (I don't know why, maybe you are as strange as I am. . . )。 According to Greek mythology, Dyke lived next to Astraia. Describing this constellation as the balance mastered by Astraia is only evidence of their connection, although in the actual myth, Astraia did not grasp the balance. Some people think that this balance is a symbol of dikes. Some people even think they are the same person. . . The relationship between the characters involved in the stories of these two constellations (Dyke and Astraia) is difficult to understand with our logic, and I don't know much about many places. Please be careful when consulting information from network sources (for example, many related entries in Baidu Encyclopedia are missed by mistake).

8. Scorpio people

Scorpio is a very bright constellation, which can be regarded as one of the most recognizable constellations in the summer sky. Its image is a scorpion. Its brightest star is Antares, which means the rival of Ares (the Roman god of war, also the name of Mars). It is called Antares in China. There is an idiom called July filariasis, which means the weather is getting cold. One of the "fire" is antares. This star is red and similar to Mars, so it is nicknamed Big Mars. In July of the lunar calendar, the position of Mars gradually sinks to the west at dusk, and at the same time, the weather turns cold, so this idiom comes into being. The second bright star, Shaula (from Arabic, meaning raised tail, which China called Vesupa), is not dark.

There are many legends of Scorpio, which are often contradictory in various records of ancient Greek mythology, but all of them are related to Orion without exception. The story used below is a version recorded by hesiod. The son of Orion, Poseidon and Euryale, Princess of Crete, he is good at hunting. Once, he hunted in Crete with themis, the goddess of the moon, and Leto, the mother of themis, and then he said that he would kill all living things on the earth. . . Then the goddess of the earth heard it and sent scorpions to assassinate Orion. Then the scorpion succeeded. . . Yes, that's it. . . After the death of Orion, themis asked Orion to ascend to heaven and become an Orion. And this scorpion was also launched and became a Scorpio. In fact, these two constellations are the most magnificent and bright constellations in winter and summer respectively. It is said that Orion hunts in the sky in winter, and then scorpions appear in summer, and he runs away. Du Fu's "It's hard to meet a donkey friend", "The Morning Star" and Shang's "Scorpio Star". . . The most reliable record of Greek mythology is actually Homer's epic, but the story of Orion is only a few lines in Homer's epic and lacks details, which leads future generations to design different details to fabricate his story. So, today we see many different versions. . .

9. Sagittarius

Like Virgo, in astronomy, this constellation has a different name. It should be called Sagittarius The brightest star is Kaus Australis, which means bow-shaped south. China is called Jisu III. Everyone should be careful, there is another constellation in the sky called Centauri, but Centauri and Centaur are both the same thing, both images of Centauri in western mythology, which were translated into Centauri when the Harry Potter series appeared. . . Anyway, it's good that everyone remembers the same thing. The image of Sagittarius is actually a Sagittarius with a bow, so many stars in it are called Gongnan and Gong Zhong. . . Like Virgo, in astronomy, this constellation has a different name. It should be called Sagittarius The brightest star is Kaus Australis, which means bow-shaped south. China is called Jisu III. Everyone should be careful, there is another constellation in the sky called Centauri, but Centauri and Centaur are both the same thing, both images of Centauri in western mythology, which were translated into Centauri when the Harry Potter series appeared. . . Anyway, it's good that everyone remembers the same thing. The image of Sagittarius is actually a Sagittarius with a bow, so many stars in it are called Gongnan and Gong Zhong. . .

Speaking of the origin of the name Sagittarius, it is an unsolved case. I don't know if you ask me. The central figure of the whirlpool, oh no, the figure of the horse is Kai Long Xing Centauri-there has been a long debate about whether he was lifted to the sky and turned into Centauri or Sagittarius, and there are corresponding records. . . Centaur is a savage creature, but Kay Long Xing is one of the most civilized. . . He was the mentor of many heroes in Greek mythology, including theseus, Achilles, Jason and Hercules. He was accidentally shot by Hercules, and after his death, he ascended to heaven and became-I don't know-which constellation he loved. However, it seems that he is more credible as a centaur, because this record was first written by the Roman poet Ovid. Most people who think that Kay Long Xing is Sagittarius think that Sagittarius is a constellation created by Kay Long Xing in his own image to guide Jason to find Argo during his trip to golden fleece. . . Because the story is confusing, I won't say much. . .

12. Pisces Palace

It smells like the weak again. . . Pisces is also a relatively dim constellation, which appears in the autumn sky and is also the last constellation in the traditional zodiac. Its image is a fish with two tails connected. It smells like the weak again. . . Pisces is also a relatively dim constellation, which appears in the autumn sky and is also the last constellation in the traditional zodiac. Its image is a fish with two tails connected.

The story of this constellation comes from the same source as Capricorn, except that the protagonists are Aphrodite and eros (their Roman names-Venus and Cupid-may be more familiar to everyone). When Tai Feng attacked Pan's party, Aphrodite and her son were there. Both of them jumped into the sea to escape (Pan who was present jumped into the Nile at the same time, according to this point, if not, the banquet should be held at the mouth of the Nile), so they all became fish. In order not to be washed away by the current, Aphrodite and eros tied their tails together with a rope, and this image later became Pisces. The star representing the rope is Pisces α, also called Alrischa, which means rope, but it is too dark to see.