Jin Yanzhou constellation _ Jin Tingyou constellation

How does Guo Shoujing influence China?

Guo Shoujing (1231-1316) was an astronomer, mathematician, water conservancy expert and instrument manufacturing expert in China in the Yuan Dynasty. The word Ruosi, Han nationality, is from Xingtai, Shunde (now Xingtai, Hebei). He was born in Yuan Taizong for three years and died in Yuan Renzong for two years. Guo Shoujing used to be the water superintendent, responsible for repairing the canal from Dadu to Tongzhou. 1276, Guo Shoujing revised the new calendar, and after four years, it worked out the chronograph calendar, which has been used for more than 360 years. This was the most advanced calendar in the world at that time. 198 1 year. To commemorate the 750th anniversary of Guo Shoujing's birth, the International Astronomical Society named a crater on the moon after him.

On the basis of many years of astronomical observation, Guo Shoujing compiled the Chronological Calendar of the Yuan Dynasty, which has been used for 400 years and is the longest calendar in the history of China. He accurately concluded that 365.2425 days is a year, which is the same as the current Gregorian calendar in the world. Guo Shoujing is obsessed with invention. He invented, improved and manufactured more than 20 kinds of astronomical instruments, such as simple instrument, altimeter, astrology, armillary sphere, exquisite instrument, upright instrument, reasoning instrument, landscape symbol, peeping instrument, solar eclipse instrument, astrolabe and chronograph. These achievements predate Europe by 300 years. Guo Shoujing also set up a "stargazing platform" to observe celestial bodies with simple instruments. He measured the intersection angle between the ecliptic and the equator and the distance between the 28 constellations, and its accuracy was greatly improved. This laid a scientific foundation for compiling a high-precision calendar; The device principle of simple instrument has been widely used in modern astronomical telescopes. Guo Shoujing presided over the geodesy with a length of 5,500 kilometers from north to south and a width of more than 3,000 kilometers from east to west, and put forward the concept of "altitude" for the first time. Guo Shoujing worships science. He burned books of Yin and Yang, got rid of superstition and washed away the floating theory of ancient accounting, thus bringing astronomy into the scientific track. Tang Ruowang called him Tycho of China. Guo Shoujing spent most of his life in water conservancy construction, covering more than half of China's land, completing the regulation of more than 100 rivers and dams, and presided over the opening of the canal project from most areas of the Yuan Dynasty to Tongzhou, that is, the Tonghui River for thousands of years, which made great contributions to the ancient water conservancy in China.