What are the characteristics of the starry sky in autumn?

Bear room female seat

Hunting dog, grand duke

Libra, South Ship.

Rear seat, raven constellation

Lions and poisonous snakes.

Cancer in Ursa major

Mufu building

In the spring sky, the most striking thing is the Big Dipper (stars α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η in Ursa Major) hanging high in the northern sky. Because the brightness of the seven stars is relatively large, it is easy to find. Starting from the Big Dipper, you can find the main bright stars in spring: the two stars (β and α) connecting Doukou, extending to five times the distance between the two stars, you will find the brighter Polaris (α of Ursa minor); Looking southwest along the connecting line of the other two stars δ and γ in Doukou, you can find the bright Xuanyuan XIV (Leo α star).

A large arc can be drawn along the curves of several stars (δ, ε, ζ, η) on the barrel handle. If you extend this arc, you can find the bright orange star arcturus (alpha star of Capricorn), continue your southern tour, you can find another bright star Virgo of arcturus (alpha star of Virgo), and then continue your southwest tour, you can find a quadrilateral composed of four small stars, which is corvus corax. This big arc, which starts from the handle of a bucket and ends in corvus corax, is the famous "Big Spring Curve". The triangle consisting of arcturus, Cepheus and Leo β is called the "Spring Triangle". An equilateral quadrilateral consisting of a spring triangle and a star in Canis Canis is called a "spring diamond".

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Summer starry sky

Infinite constellation Scorpio

Snakes and eagles.

Ophiuchus coronatus

Sky arrow and lyre

Swan constellation Sagittarius

Tianlong constellation

The important symbol of the starry sky in summer is the Milky Way, a light belt extending from Dongping line in the north to the southern horizon, and a "summer triangle" consisting of three bright stars, namely Vega (Alpha Lyra), Altair (Alpha Aquila) and Tianjin IV (Alpha Cygnus) on both sides of the Milky Way. The Milky Way in summer is extremely magnificent, but it can only be seen in the wild without light interference. When Vega cruises south along the shore of the Milky Way, she can see a bright red star-Antares (Scorpio α), which forms an S-shaped curve with more than a dozen stars. This is the famous Scorpio in summer, and its tail is immersed in the dense part of the Milky Way. From Altair to the south along the Milky Way, you can find Sagittarius, six of which form the "Southern Dou Six Stars", which is far opposite to the Big Dipper in the northwest sky. The Milky Way in Sagittarius is the widest and brightest. Because this is the direction of the center of the galaxy. The connection between Vega and Altair continues to extend to the southeast, and Capricorn composed of dark stars can be found. Patrol southwest along the connection between Tianjin Sihe and Vega, and you will find Wuxian. In the west of Wuxian, there are seven small stars in a semicircle, which is the beautiful northern crown.

☆ Autumn starry sky

Pegasus Poerxiusi

Dolphin Capricorn

Fairy and fairy throne

Hou Xian left Yu Nan left.

Whale water bottle

Pisces

"Flying horse in the sky, the Milky Way hanging obliquely" is a symbol of the starry sky in autumn. Patrol the autumn starry sky, you can start from the "autumn quadrangle" (also known as "flying horse-fairy box") in the direction of the head. This quadrilateral is like a square. When it is overhead, its four sides just represent one direction. The quadrangle in autumn is made up of three bright stars in Pegasus (α, β, γ) and one bright star in Andromeda (α), which is very eye-catching.

Extend the east side line of the quadrilateral to the northern sky (that is, from the gamma star of Pegasus to the alpha star of Andromeda), find the Polaris through Cassiopeia, and extend southward along this baseline to find the bright star (β) of Cetacea. This long north-south line is almost at Right ascension. It is convenient to remember and estimate the position of the stars. Extend the western line of the quadrangle to the southern sky (that is, from the beta star of Pegasus to the alpha star), and at the low altitude in the south, you can find the famous bright star in the autumn sky-Beijiao (the alpha star of Pisces), and extend northward along this baseline to find Cepheus.

From the northeast corner of the quadrangle in autumn to the northeast along Andromeda, Perseus composed of three rows of stars can be found. To the southeast of the quadrangle in autumn are Pisces and the Great Whale. Wang Xian, Hou Xian, Fairy, Perseus, Pegasus and Whale form a brilliant royal constellation, which is the main constellation in the autumn sky. To the southwest of the autumn quadrangle are Aquarius and Capricorn.

There are few bright stars in the autumn sky, but there are many deep-space objects like Andromeda Extragalactic Galaxy (M3 1).

Starry sky in winter

Canis major hunter constellation

Dog sign and rabbit sign.

Taurus constellation Bojiang constellation

Aries yufu constellation

Double base

It's freezing in winter, so it's not a pleasant thing to go out and watch the stars at night. However, in all seasons, the starry sky in winter is the most magnificent. Winter is the brightest season of stars all year round, and many constellations are very easy to identify. Of course, the most striking thing is Orion hanging high in the southern sky: the three stars (Orion δ, ε, ζ) sandwiched between the red bright star Betelgeuse (Orion α) and the white bright star Betelgeuse (Orion β) are quite attractive. Looking south and east along Samsung, you can find Sirius (Alpha Canis), the brightest star in the whole day. Just to the east of Betelgeuse, there is another bright star, Nanhesan (Alpha Canis). Betelgeuse, Sirius and the constellation Nanhe form the famous "Winter Triangle", through which the dim Milky Way passes, which is the darkest part of the whole Milky Way.

Looking northwest along the three stars of Orion, we can find another bright red star (Alpha Star of Taurus), and several small stars near it belong to the famous "Bi Cluster". If you continue to look north, you can see the Pleiades Cluster consisting of 6-7 small stars, all of which belong to Taurus. The northeast of Taurus is the five-pointed star Auriga, and the main star of Auriga is Capella, which is also a very bright star. Looking northeast along the connecting line between Betelgeuse and Betelgeuse, we can find two bright stars, namely Kitagawa III (Gemini Beta) and Kitagawa II (Gemini Alpha). Connecting Capella, Beihe III, Nanhe III, Sirius, Betelgeuse and Sotheby's V can form a spectacular "winter hexagon".

☆ Overview of other constellations

South Corona, Pony and Tian Ge.

Jackals, centaurs, tridents.

Southern Triangle, Tian Yan and Dragonfly.

Swordfish, water snake, Indian.

Phoenicia, Phoenicia, Phoenicia

Rhododendron, flying fish, crane.

Clock rack, net rack, easel.

Temple of Heaven Block Q South Pole Block Circular Gauge Block

Telescopic mirror base display miniature mirror base rectangular ruler base

Jade Buddha Tower, Sky Furnace Tower and Carving Tool Tower

Pump seat mountain seat deer leopard seat

Scorpion, tiger, lion and cat.

Kirin constellation c sextant constellation fox and beaver constellation

Shield block south cross block

(2) Observation place ☆

As we all know, the main observation site is the Observatory.

The Purple Mountain Observatory of China Academy of Sciences is one of the most famous observatories in China. It was built in 1934 and is located on the scenic Purple Mountain in the southeast suburb of Nanjing. Purple Mountain Observatory is a comprehensive observatory. When it was founded, it had a reflective telescope with a diameter of 60 cm, a refractive telescope with a diameter of 20 cm, an astrograph with a diameter of 15 cm and a solar beam splitter. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, part of it was moved to Kunming and the other part was destroyed. 1949 after the establishment of the new China, the damaged astronomical instruments were repaired, and advanced astronomical instruments such as chromosphere telescope, confocal telescope, binoculars refraction telescope, Schmidt telescope and radio telescope were successively added, which can be used for the observation and research of stars, asteroids, comets and artificial satellites, as well as the routine observation of the sun, the study of the laws of solar activity and the prediction of solar activity. The Purple Mountain Observatory is also the authoritative organization of calendar calculation in China, and is responsible for compiling and publishing the China Astronomical Yearbook of Astronomy, Navigation and Astronomy. The Purple Mountain Observatory began to build the largest NEO telescope in China last year (1999). This telescope will rank among the top five similar telescopes in the world. The spherical mirror diameter of this telescope is 1.20m, and the light transmission aperture is1m. At present, mirror grinding has started and is expected to be completed in 2002. Purple Mountain Observatory will build an observatory in Tieshan Temple Forest Park, Xuyi, Jiangsu Province, and place this telescope.

The world-famous British Observatory is now located in Hearst Montsouburg, Sussex, on the south coast of England. Greenwich Observatory was established in 1675, located in Greenwich, London, England. After World War II, it moved to a new site, but retained the name of "Royal Greenwich Observatory". 1884, the meridian passing through this observatory was determined as the standard reference meridian for global time and longitude measurement, also known as the prime meridian, namely the zero meridian. When Greenwich Observatory was first built, its purpose was to accurately observe the moon and stars and help navigators determine the longitude. Now it has developed into a comprehensive optical observatory in Britain. 199965438+On February 28th, a new time system-Greenwich Electronic Time (GET) was officially born, which will provide a time standard for global e-commerce. The original Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) will be used as the world standard time of 2 1 century.

(5) Ending ☆.

The formation of good scientific quality begins with our interest and curiosity, and scientific and technological activities are conducive to the development of scientific interest. Among many scientific and technological activities, astronomy extracurricular activities are particularly attractive to us and have always had a wide range of fans. Many astronomy enthusiasts in history later became successful astronomers. The ins and outs of celestial bodies such as the sun, the moon and the stars all attract our exploration. Through astronomical extracurricular activities, let us look up at the beautiful starry sky that can arouse infinite reverie, stimulate our interest in exploring the mysteries of the universe, make us not only know ABCD, but also have the ability to appreciate the wonderful realm of "lonely smoke in the desert, the long river sets the yen", make us admire and love science, accumulate knowledge constantly, and form our ambition and ideal of devoting ourselves to science.

Extracurricular activities in astronomy not only help to expand our knowledge, but more importantly, it plays a very important role in cultivating our quality by studying astronomical knowledge, astronomical production, astronomical observation, and even visiting, visiting and publicizing. First of all, the astronomical activity class has cultivated our observation ability. Secondly, the astronomy activity class has cultivated our thinking ability. Third, the astronomical activity class has cultivated our practical ability. Fourth, the astronomy activity class has cultivated our creative ability.

Scientists are making unremitting research and exploration on the unpredictable and wonderful starry sky, and many unknown mysteries will be revealed. Through this study, we learned the knowledge about the constellation, broadened the knowledge of the textbook, deepened our understanding, refuted the absurd view of the birth constellation, and enhanced our interest in learning geography and studying geography.