Explanation of astrological knowledge: Who discovered Sirius?

Sirius is the body of Manu, the constellation of Giant Bird, with Laonian in the south wing and Nanhesan in the north wing, which just divides the night sky in Polynesia into two halves. The rise of Sirius marks the beginning of summer in Greece ... so let's see who discovered the constellation "Giant Bird"!

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Sirius's foreign records

Sirius appeared in the earliest astronomical records and was regarded as "Sopdete" by the ancient Egyptians (Greek: Seirios；; Egyptian: Sothis). During the Middle Kingdom, the Egyptian calendar began with the sunrise of Sirius. That morning, Sirius was far enough away from the sun, rose earlier than the sun, avoided strong light, and reappeared in the sky after 70 days of disappearance. This day is very important on the calendar, because it is also the day before the flood of the Nile cycle and the summer solstice. The hieroglyphics of Sopdiet are a star and a triangle. Sirius disappeared in the air for 70 days, symbolizing in mythology the days when Sodet and Ai Xisi spent the Egyptian underworld.

The ancient Greeks believed that Sirius represented a dry and hot summer, plants withered, men were weak and women were irritable. Because Sirius is very bright, it will flicker even more when the weather is unstable in early summer, which indicates that bad things will happen. People affected by it are called "astroboletos" (α σ ρ ο β ο λ ο) or "hit by a star". It will be written as "burning" or "flame" in written records. The season after the appearance of this star is called "dog day" in summer. In order to get cool air, the natives of Kea Island in Aegean Sea would make sacrifices to Sirius and Zeus, and would wait for Sirius to appear in the next summer. If it rises very bright, it is a good sign of making a fortune; On the contrary, if the rise is turbid or dim, it indicates the arrival of the plague. The coins excavated from the island in the 3rd century BC are engraved with shining dogs or stars, which shows the importance of Sirius. The Romans celebrated the sunset of Sirius around April 25th. On that day, they presented a dog, incense, wine and a sheep to Robigo, the god of dry valleys in Rome, hoping to stop the rust caused by starlight that year.

Ptolemy of Alexandria took Sirius as the center line of the celestial sphere in the star map written in his astronomical masterpiece Volume VII and Volume VIII. He described Sirius as one of the six red stars (see the red controversial section below). The other five are actually M and K stars, such as arcturus and Betelgeuse.

Bright stars were very important to ancient Polynesians, because they had to sail between many small islands and atolls in the Pacific Ocean through astronomical phenomena. When bright stars are located in Jamlom on the horizon, these stars are used by sailors to find the designated place. These stars can also be used as latitude markers. Sirius's deviation is consistent with Fiji Island, so he goes straight through Fiji Island every night.

Sirius is the "Giant Bird" constellation "Manu's Body", which is always read as the south wing and the south river is the north wing, just dividing the night sky in Polynesia into two halves. The rise of Sirius marks the beginning of summer in Greece, so it marks the beginning of cold winter in Maori. Tower Kurua stands for Sirius and winter in the local language.

1676, edmund halley spent a year in St. Heron Island in the South Atlantic to study the starry sky in the southern hemisphere. About 40 years later, in 17 18, he compared his astrometry with Ptolemy's masterpiece of astronomy and discovered the self-motion of a star that had always been regarded as "fixed". Both arcturus and Sirius moved significantly. Sirius moved south for 30 minutes (about the diameter of the moon) between 65438 and 0800.

1868, Sirius became the first star whose speed was measured. Sir william huggins carefully examined the spectrum of Sirius and observed a significant red shift. He therefore concluded that Sirius was far away from the solar system at a speed of about 40 kilometers per second. Although compared with 7 times per second measured today. The speed of 6 kilometers is too high, but that measurement started the study of the radial speed of celestial bodies.