How to crack the 5500-ton frigate by the big country navy

How to crack the 5500-ton frigate destroyer is the original intention of a big country navy. As main battle ships and strategic cruisers, these 20,000-to 30,000-ton ships are huge and relatively slow in maneuverability, and are vulnerable to various high-speed light ships equipped with torpedoes. Instead, there must be a new type of ship with the same high-speed performance, which can quickly expel poachers with firepower.

The basic function is to patrol the "watchdog" around the large fleet. During World War I and World War II, the full tonnage of so-called destroyers was generally 1500 tons, while the tonnage of frigates was lower, generally below 1000 tons.

After World War II, destroyers have gradually become unworthy of the name, because the tonnage is generally getting bigger and bigger. After 1980' s, Aegis destroyers with a tonnage of over 9,000 tons appeared, and their tonnage and combat effectiveness have greatly surpassed those of early light cruisers. At the same time, there are fewer and fewer conventional 10,000-ton cruisers, and cruisers and battleships have gradually become "scarce" or even "extinct" ships in the modern navy.

There are two main reasons for this: the first is the appearance of anti-ship missiles, which enables hundreds of tons of missile boats to carry multiple heavy anti-ship missiles and launch long-range anti-ship attacks from dozens or even hundreds of nautical miles away. The warheads of these early anti-ship missiles are quite huge. Once hit, the comprehensive destructiveness is even stronger than the direct hit of the past 406 mm caliber shells. A small-tonnage missile boat can carry four to eight large anti-ship missiles.

If there is no electromagnetic interference and hard interception, then the comprehensive strike efficiency of four heavy anti-ship missiles against ship targets dozens of nautical miles away is even stronger than that of battleships launching hundreds of heavy artillery shells during World War II. Because unguided naval guns volley 100 times, they may not be able to hit with one shot; However, if four heavy anti-ship missiles are launched continuously, it is absolutely guaranteed to hit more than two.

One more thing, airplanes are playing an increasingly prominent role in modern naval warfare. Most of the so-called "naval battles" have actually become carrier-based aviation or land-based aviation to decide the outcome in advance between sea and air. If there is no air combat capability at sea and comprehensive air defense, anti-ship and anti-missile capabilities, it is impossible to win modern naval battles only by relying on the surface fleet.

Therefore, the large-scale popularization of anti-ship missiles and the fact that the outcome of air combat determines the outcome of naval battles make cruisers and battleships with a tonnage of more than 10,000 tons more and more unsuitable in modern naval battles. As a result, the tonnage of destroyers became larger and larger, and Aegis destroyers gradually replaced cruisers and battleships, and the word "expulsion" had a new understanding.

As the destroyer was magnified several times, the tonnage of frigates that were completely out of the water in the past began to grow. By 2 1 century, few frigates built by big countries were less than 4000 tons. The navies of some rich countries in Europe have actually begun to be keen on building large frigates of more than 5,000 tons, equipped with medium-sized phased array radars.

As a result, the boundaries between large frigates and destroyers have become increasingly blurred. Because many modern conventional destroyers only started from 6500 tons to 7000 tons.

If the full tonnage of large frigates is close to 6000 tons, there has been a large-scale overlap between them in terms of basic tonnage and functional settings. This situation may be deliberately pursued by some small and sophisticated navies, but it may not be a good phenomenon for the navies of world-class powers.

Because the total number of destroyers equipped by big countries' navies is more than that of small and sophisticated navies, if the positioning of the new generation of destroyers and large frigates is too overlapping and vague, the limited military resources will not be able to play the corresponding maximum combat effectiveness. For example, the comprehensive cost of a main Aegis destroyer is 10 B, so the cost of a large frigate supporting it can't exceed 300 million US dollars at most, and even it is most reasonable to control it above 200 million US dollars.

In this way, a main Aegis destroyer can get three or four large frigates at the same cost, and the deployment scope and comprehensive combat capability of the three large frigates will even be significantly stronger than that of 1 main Aegis destroyer. For the new large frigate, it is necessary to find a key system with better cost performance under the condition of a certain upper cost limit.

For example, the full price of the double-sided rotating phased array is only one third or even one quarter of that of the four fixed large shields, but its comprehensive performance can reach 70% of that of the four fixed large shields, which means that the aforementioned goal of producing three to four large frigates at the cost of 1 main shield can be achieved.

Second, the big country navy does not need to "impersonate" a class of capital ships with a limited number of large frigates like a small but sophisticated navy; Like the main Aegis, we should do everything we can in air defense, anti-submarine and anti-ship performance. Large frigates of big countries' navies can pursue stronger special performance, such as focusing on deep-sea anti-submarine capability with low noise characteristics of all-electric propulsion.

From the above two points of view, the planning and design of the constellation-class new frigate of superpowers can be regarded as a negative textbook of complete failure. Because its full tonnage has exceeded 7000 tons, such a large tonnage doesn't even have a bulbous bow sonar, and the final cost of a single ship is likely to exceed 3 billion dollars. This price is enough for other big countries to produce 15 new 5500-ton frigates.