Introduction of constellation radiator _ radiator

How powerful is M 16? Which countries are using it? Is China's army equipped?

The M 16 rifle is the second-generation rifle changed by the United States after the Second World War, and it is also the first small-caliber rifle officially included in military equipment in the world. This series of automatic rifles mainly includes M 16, M 16A 1 and M 16A2.

1957, a few months after the American army equipped the M 14 7.62mm rifle, it formally proposed to design a new gun. At that time, two American companies competed to develop a rifle to shoot bombs, one of which was Amar Park Jung Su. The company improved its designed AR- 10 7.62 mm rifle into an AR- 15 rifle that fired 5.56 mm bullets. 1957 Amar Park Jung Su company won the bid for the design scheme. Satisfactory results have been achieved in Aberdeen proving ground. According to the test results in cold areas, some improvements have been made to the AR- 15 rifle, such as strengthening the barrel, allowing the gun bore to shoot with water, increasing the trigger holder and shooting with gloves. 1962, the U.S. air force purchased 8,500 AR- 15 rifles for the first time to equip the airport security forces, and named them M 16 rifles. 1964 the army officially equipped the gun.

The M 16 rifle exposed many problems on the battlefield in Vietnam. The most important thing is that the chamber is seriously polluted and the jamming failure rate is high. In view of the problems existing in the battlefield, Amar Park Rongsu Company improved the gun and named it M 16A 1 Rifle. 1967 finalized, 1969 has been heavily equipped with the us military.

After the selection test of NATO small-caliber rifles in 1977~ 1980, it is determined that Belgian SS 109 type 5.56 mm bullets are NATO standard caliber bullets, while M 16A 1 type rifles can only use American M 193 type 5. In order to unify NATO caliber and further improve the combat performance of rifles, Colt Manufacturing Company improved the M 16A 1 rifle. 1982, the United States marine corps purchased 200,000 improved M 16A 1 rifles for the first time and named them M 16A2 rifles. 1984 In March, the US Army officially announced the adoption of the M 16A2 rifle.

The M 16 series rifles are equipped in 55 countries and regions, including Australia, Chile, Dominica, Haiti, Italy, Jordan, Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, New Zealand, Lebanon, Sri Lanka, Viet Nam and Taiwan Province Province of China.

design feature

M 16 series rifles are characterized by small caliber, light weight, high shooting accuracy, strong continuous combat capability and good killing effect within the normal range of rifles (400 meters). Lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys and plastics and advanced processing and manufacturing technologies are widely used.

M 16 rifle adopts the working principle of air duct. This kind of gun is different from ordinary pneumatic rifles. It does not have a piston assembly and a gas regulator, but uses an air duct. After the bullet is fired, the gunpowder gas enters the airway at high speed through the air guide hole and directly enters the air chamber between the gun rack and the gun bolt. The sealing ring on the bolt prevents the gunpowder gas in the air chamber from advancing, so the rapidly expanding gas pushes the frame backwards. After the frame completes the free stroke, the unlocking helicoid on it interacts with the locking guide post of the lock tongue to unlock the lock tongue in the right direction, and then the frame drives the lock tongue to continue to move backward together.

① ① ① Characteristics of M16 rifle

The gun is mainly composed of an upper shell assembly, a lower shell assembly and a bolt assembly. The upper shell assembly comprises a barrel, a sight, an air duct, upper and lower guard plates, a muzzle flame arrester, a barrel connecting hoop, a dust cover, a handle, an upper shell and the like. The lower shell assembly comprises a gunstock, a grip firing and launching mechanism, a safety mechanism, a return spring guide tube, a return spring, a lower shell and a shell connecting sleeve, etc. Bolt-frame assembly includes loading handle, bolt locking guide post and its fixing lock, bolt, shell lifter, frame, etc.

The firing mechanism is hammer rotary. The striker has no striker spring. When firing, the firing pin hits the tail end of the bolt with an annular protrusion to ensure the normal protrusion of the firing pin. During the unlocking process, the annular partition on the frame drives the striker to move backwards. Before the frame re-enters but does not complete the free travel after locking, the annular partition restricts the striker from moving forward, and can only fire after the machine gun is locked.

The launching mechanism only has single shot and continuous shot, not three shots. The trigger holder can be opened downwards, which is convenient for soldiers to shoot with leather gloves/cotton gloves. The reducer handle has three positions: single shot, continuous shot and safety. By changing the position of the reducer handle, the launching mechanism can directly control the hammer.

The fixed triangular straight butt, square guard and handle of the gun are all plastic, and many important parts are aluminum alloy.

② The characteristics of m16a1rifle.

The M 16A 1 rifle is an improved version of the M 16 rifle. The main improvements are as follows: the gun bore is chrome plated, and the reentry spring guide tube (also called buffer) is redesigned to reduce the firing rate and prevent it from rebounding and unlocking during locking action; Because the M 16 rifle has no pull handle, an auxiliary locking device is added to the right rear end of the shell, which consists of a row of fine teeth on the right side of the shell frame and an auxiliary push handle extending from the right side of the shell. Its function is that when the bolt cannot be completely locked due to failure, the shooter can push it by hand. M203 40mm grenade launcher can be hung under the barrel, which has point and surface killing ability.

③ ③ Characteristics of M16A2 rifle

The M 16A2 rifle is an improved version of the M 16A 1 rifle. The main improvements are as follows: the heavy barrel with greater rigidity is adopted, and the winding distance is changed from 305 mm to 178 mm, which can fire Belgian SS 109 5.56 mm bullets and improve the effective range and long-range killing power; A three-beat mechanism is added, which can be single-shot and three-shot, or single-shot and continuous shooting; The instrument can adjust the height and direction deviation at a distance of 800 meters; The downward opening of the muzzle flame arrester is cancelled, which can restrain the muzzle from jumping up during shooting and eliminate the ground dust in the muzzle area during prone shooting; A shell guide plate is added behind the shell throwing opening on the right side of the shell, which can prevent the shooter (left) from hitting the face when throwing the shell; The wooden guard was changed from square to round, and the radiator was improved. The wooden guard is ribbed and easy to grasp. The stock and grip are made of high-strength nylon; Equipped with portable detachable tripod to improve the shooting stability in prone position.

Aiming mechanism

M 16 series rifles adopt mechanical sight, which is installed on the vertical triangular sight base, and the scale is installed in the handle of the gun rack.

M 16/M 16A 1 rifle adopts cylindrical sight, L-shaped scale and shutter, and the scale is divided into 0 ~ 300m and 300 ~ 500m.

The M 16A2 rifle uses a cylindrical sight and a double-hole camera ruler. The large hole is used for short-range shooting within 200m, and the small hole is used for long-range shooting. The optical sight can also be mounted on the handle.

ammunition

M 16/M 16A 1 rifle uses M 193, M777 5.56mm ordinary bullet, M 196, M778 5.56mm tracer bullet and m199 5.55. The M 16A2 rifle uses SS 109 5.56 mm bullets (that is, NATO bullets), and M 193 5.56 mm bullets and other 5.56 mm bullets can also be used.