Call for help! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! The Brazilian turtle got pneumonia and said that he would use blisters. What medicine should I use? About how much?

Pneumonia: You put it in water. It's better to have more water to see if it leans when swimming. If it is, it will be more serious; If not, it won't be serious. Reducing the amount of water in the turtle's body is enough to cover the turtle's shell. Add amoxicillin to the water and raise the water temperature appropriately (about 28 degrees is the best). When feeding food and swimming, the turtle will swallow the medicine, and it will be fine in a week or so. However, it should be noted that the fluctuation of water temperature or feeding environment temperature is the main cause of turtle pneumonia.

1. Symptoms and causes: mucus in the corners of the mouth and nose, lethargy in the tortoise, weakness in the front and rear legs, and panting in the nose and mouth. It is related to the temperature change.

② Drug treatment: isolate the feeding box and raise the temperature to about 30 degrees. Gentamycin is added into water according to the ratio of 1: 20. The most important thing is to give medicine. Crushing amoxicillin and vitamin 21 (a little), mixing with raw eggs (a little), gently holding the sides of the head with thumb and forefinger when the tortoise stretches its head, opening its mouth with a large needle tail, and dropping the mixture of medicine and eggs with a syringe. One or two drops each time, about ten drops each time, twice a day.

In addition, I will tell you how to raise Brazilian tortoises:

Brazilian tortoise, formerly known as red-eared slippery tortoise, originated in the United States. Belongs to the turtle family. It is the most widely raised reptile in the world. Their origin is located in the Mississippi River valley, mainly in the United States. Red-eared turtle is a kind of water turtle with webbed feet. There are typical red stripes on both sides of the head, and sometimes there is a red spot on the top of the head. Red stripes sometimes break into two or three spots with different shades, ranging from orange to crimson. Therefore, the easiest way to distinguish the Brazilian tortoise is to see if there are red stripes on its front two sides. It is worth noting that the stripes on some turtles' ears are yellow instead of red. These are all varieties of red-eared turtles, whose scientific name is "yellow-eared turtle". But it is usually called the Brazilian tortoise.

A typical newly hatched red-eared turtle has a charming green shell and skin. The carapace is covered with a perfect pattern composed of yellow-green to dark green stripes. As the tortoise grows up, the color of its shell will change. The green background of young adults will be replaced by dark yellow or dark brown, and finally become dark brown olive. The pattern on the shell is composed of black lines, stripes and smoke spots, sometimes mixed with white, yellow or even red spots.

First of all, Brazilian turtles, like other kinds of turtles, have the following characteristics.

1 is a group of animals with external heat sources. The tortoise's body temperature is affected by the change of its environmental temperature. The heat energy for maintaining body temperature mainly comes from the heat energy of the surrounding environment. The following table lists the body temperatures of turtles after 24 hours at different temperature levels:

Ambient temperature℃ 5 10 15 20 25 30

The body temperature of soft-shelled turtle is 5.78 0.4710.410.2614.58 0.2919.35 0.35 23.89 0.44 28.55 0.78.

It can be seen that their temperature changes with the change of temperature. Sometimes when Brazil is sick, some turtle friends often dissolve the powder in hot water and feed it to the little turtle, which is extremely incorrect. The correct way is to use mineral water or pure water to keep the medicine at the same temperature as the water temperature where the Brazilian tortoise lives.

2. It has the characteristic of dormancy.

This is a very effective way for turtles to cope with the harsh external environment. Dormancy is usually divided into hibernation and summer sleep. Some turtles choose to sleep in summer when the temperature is too high in summer, but because Brazilian turtles are water turtles, they usually hibernate only in winter. Generally speaking, when the water temperature is below 20 degrees, the Brazilian tortoise begins to stop eating. When the water temperature is lower than 1 1 degree, it enters shallow hibernation; When the water temperature is below 6 degrees, the Brazilian tortoise begins to go into deep hibernation. When the water temperature is below 5 degrees for a long time, the Brazilian tortoise is in danger of freezing to death. Many turtle friends want to keep them in winter, which requires some experience. This is especially true for new turtle friends. In winter, due to the temperature difference between room temperature and water temperature, Brazilian tortoises easily get pneumonia and die. Therefore, if conditions permit, the Brazilian tortoise should be allowed to hibernate, which is also in line with its natural laws. Brazilian tortoises can stay dry for the winter when they are adults, but they also need to soak in water once a week or so. Brazilian adults can hibernate with wet cloth. Before hibernation, when the water temperature reaches 22℃, human antibiotics are mixed into the feed to enhance the disease resistance of soft-shelled turtle. When the water temperature drops to 14℃, the activity of soft-shelled turtles decreases, most soft-shelled turtles sink to the bottom and stop eating, and a few soft-shelled turtles only eat a small amount. At this time, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the pond and check the soft-shelled turtle, including skin, head, feces and parasites. Unhealthy turtles can't hibernate, so they should be raised separately. The water temperature should be raised above 20℃ before they can eat, and corresponding treatment measures should be taken. In hibernation, occasionally when the water temperature rises above 16℃, the tortoise will wake up and move. Don't feed it at this time, in case the temperature drops at night, leading to indigestion and other diseases. During hibernation, some abnormal turtles, such as floating on the water and weak limbs, should be fished out in time and kept in isolation. After hibernation, with the increase of temperature, the water temperature reached about 18℃, and some turtles were able to eat. At this time, it is not appropriate to feed in a hurry, and wait until the temperature difference between day and night does not exceed about 6℃. Before feeding at 1 time, it is necessary to thoroughly change the dressing and disinfect.

The tortoise is an oviparous reptile.

The tortoise is an oviparous reptile fertilized in the body. Both water turtles and tortoises have to lay eggs on land. So the Brazilian tortoise is no exception. It is also necessary to lay eggs and hatch. The sexual maturity of red-eared turtles is generally 4-5 years. Some soft-shelled turtles have been raised by artificial heating, and the weight of the second-year-old soft-shelled turtles has reached 1000 g, but they have not been able to reproduce. The mating period is from May to August every year, and the eggs are laid 3-4 times a year, with 1- 17 eggs each time. The number of eggs laid depends on the size of the individual turtle. Turtles usually lay eggs in the early morning or evening. Before laying eggs, they dig 1 8 cm in diameter and 10 cm in depth, and then aim their tails at the caves. When laying eggs, their hind legs are slightly extended, so that the eggs can slide into the cave along the hind legs to prevent the eggs from breaking. After laying eggs, the turtle dug the cave with its hind legs and covered it. The surface of the cave was slightly lower than the ground. The whole spawning process takes about 2 hours. Egg white, oblong. The egg has a long diameter of 29 ~ 3 1 mm and a short diameter of 15 ~ 18 mm, and weighs 5 ~ 7 grams.

Second, the life span, age calculation and sex identification of Brazilian tortoise

1, life span of Brazilian tortoise

Many turtle friends want to know the life span of their turtles. Take this question for example. I also read the relevant information. According to Teacher Wang Peichao's Guide to Ornamental Turtle Breeding, Professor J.W.Gibbons( 1987), an American reptile ecologist, once observed the life span of turtles by the marked weight method. After 23 years of research, it is found that only 3.4% of the turtles in 10000 can live for more than 25 years. Individuals who live from 20 to 24 years old account for 7.3%, and those who can live 15 ~ 2 1 year old account for 2 1.4%. About 68% can live to 15 years old. Turtles can live longer under feeding conditions. We found from the Internet that a long-lived Brazilian tortoise can live to be 35 years old.

2. Age of Brazilian tortoise

The calculation method of turtle's age is generally based on the number of concentric rings on the tortoise shell shield, and each ring represents a growth cycle, that is, one year. The number of concentric rings on the shield, plus 1 (born one year after breaking the shell) is the age of the turtle. This method can only be more accurate if the concentric ring pattern of tortoise shell is clear. For an old turtle or a turtle with fuzzy concentric rings, only its approximate age can be estimated. In addition, heated turtles are not suitable for calculation in this way.

3. Male and female identification of Brazilian tortoise

There is no obvious difference in appearance color between male and female, but there is a great difference in weight. When the female individual weighs1000g and the male individual weighs 250g, sex identification can be conducted. The weight of female individuals can reach1000 ~ 2,000 grams, the abdominal nail is flat, and there are cloacal holes at the rear edge of the dorsal nail; Male individuals weigh less than 500 grams, have long claws and a long tail. The cloacal foramen is located at the tail outside the posterior margin of the dorsal nail. The female body is wider, the tail is shorter, and the cloaca hole is close to the base of the tail; The male is narrow and long, the tail is long and thick, the cloaca hole is far from the base of the tail, and the claws are long.

Third, Brazilian tortoise and water.

1, the effect of water on Brazilian tortoise.

Brazilian tortoise belongs to water turtle, so it depends on water naturally. Interestingly, Brazilian tortoises basically eat and pee in water. I saw on the internet that some netizens mentioned that Brazilian turtles excreted in their hands. But we haven't found any record of Brazilian tortoises eating on land. So if you want to raise a Brazilian tortoise, don't forget to create a water environment for it.

2. The water level of Brazilian tortoise.

Many new turtle friends saw a turtle choking on the Internet. They thought that Brazilian turtles should be kept in shallow water. In fact, this is not entirely correct. In fact, through the practice of the author and many netizens, the Brazilian tortoise is a master in water, and no matter how deep the water is, it will not choke. But even so, the water level should be strictly controlled, because many Brazilian turtles like to play when they are raised together. Sometimes turtles are knocked over. At this time, if the water level is too deep, it may be drowned, so the appropriate water level is the height of a turtle (to be on the safe side, don't calculate the height of the turtle's neck). Young turtles under 5CM should not exceed the height of the shell. In addition, if your turtle has a deep water level, you should design a "land island" so that the turtle can rest and breathe.

3. The number of times the Brazilian tortoise changed water.

Many turtle friends think that the water for raising water turtles should be as clean as possible. That's not true. Some bacteria in natural water are normal. Some of these bacteria are good for Brazilian turtles. Turtles in nature can maintain a healthy state because of the balance of bacteria in the body. If there are no beneficial bacteria in turtle body or the balance is broken under the condition of artificial feeding, it will lead to illness or malnutrition. So in the feeding process, if there is a filter in the container, there is no need to change the water every day. Usually change the water of 1/2 or 1/3 once every half month, and then replenish fresh water. However, if turtles are kept in tanks and eat in the same tank, if the leftover food is difficult to clean or will pollute the water quality, the number of water changes should be increased as appropriate. You can also change 1/3 water every day. If there is no filter, it depends on the cleanliness of the water. If you want to replace all the water, it is best to sink the tap water for a day or two to achieve the effect of chlorine removal. Generally, water should be changed every 10 ~ 15 days/time in summer. If the water color is brownish green or blue-green, it means that the water quality is too "fat" and all water should be changed in time. From June to September, due to the high temperature, changing water should be carried out 3 to 4 hours after feeding. In winter, turtles can change water less or not during hibernation.

4. Water temperature of Brazilian tortoise.

The optimum water temperature for Brazilian tortoise is 20 to 32 degrees. However, because the water mold is active at 17 to 28 degrees, in order to prevent this kind of bacteria from breeding and infecting Brazil, the feeding temperature in Brazil is usually controlled at 28-30 degrees.

Fourth, the food of the Brazilian tortoise.

Brazilian tortoises are carnivores when they are young. I like to eat breadworms, red nematodes, small fish, shrimps, lean pork, five animals and so on. As an adult, I like to eat vegetarian food such as leaves and fruits. It is suggested that feeding young turtles (below 4CM) should be mainly breadworms and red nematodes. If you feed other foods, you need to cut them carefully, otherwise it will be difficult to swallow. When the soft-shelled turtle grows to more than 4 ~ 7 cm, you can consider feeding lean pork and small fish. Feed some shrimps from head to tail regularly. In the process of feeding should pay attention to:

When the ambient temperature is above 20 degrees in spring and summer, the soft-shelled turtle has strong activity and can be fed 3-4 times a week. If fed every day, the weight will increase rapidly, reaching100g a year. It is not suitable for feeding when the ambient temperature is 17 degrees. Go to sleep below 15 degrees. Vitamin E powder and antibiotics are added in spring and autumn to increase the amount of eggs conceived by turtles and enhance their physique.

Feeding time is fixed. Generally, it is 10 ~ 14 in spring and autumn and 7 ~ 9 or 18 ~ 19 in summer. When the temperature is too high or too low, the tortoise eats little or nothing.

The feeding place should be fixed, which is convenient for observing the eating and activities of turtles. When feeding, healthy turtles can climb to the food table to eat. Those turtles who are slow to respond or don't eat should pay attention to observation, and those who are serious should be kept separately.

Don't trim the nails of young turtles. Young turtles can't swallow big food because of their small mouths, so they tear food with their nails. If you wipe your nails, it will affect their eating.

Change food regularly, don't feed only one kind of food. This can balance the nutrition of soft-shelled turtle and prevent it from getting sick.

Food must be fresh. Turtles are not scavengers. Eating bad food will also make you sick.

5. The number of Brazilian tortoises.

Many friends who have just started raising turtles have asked this question. Actually, this is an interesting question. If you are a turtle lover, I hope you can raise them, then you should first estimate whether your feeding equipment is enough after your little turtle grows into a big turtle of 20-30CM in a few years. In fact, even if you are using 1. A 2-meter vat is feeding the Brazilian tortoise. When they grow up, this vat is only enough for 2 ~ 4 turtles to live. Of course, some turtle friends will keep their chinemys reevesii at home and wander with them. It is also a solution to find a big container when eating. In addition, some turtle friends like to keep only one turtle. Judging from the information provided by online turtle friends, the consequences of doing so are not as good as raising more than two turtles. Because raising two or more turtles, they will compete for food and territory. This will increase their exercise and benefit their health. Enhance their immunity. Therefore, raising 2-4 turtles is the choice of most new turtle lovers.

Feeding container of Brazilian tortoise

The Brazilian tortoise needs enough space to move, which is the most basic requirement. For most Brazilian turtles, at least 40CM rectangular containers or larger containers should be used to raise turtles. Only such a large water tank can put the filter and heater in the water tank. Too small a tank can't be equipped with these devices, or even if you barely put it in, your turtle won't have enough space to move on the heater and filter every day to perform the "Lingbo micro-step"! There should be enough water in the container. The measure is that once the tortoise accidentally turns over, it can be easily turned back by using the buoyancy of water. It is estimated that this height is at least about 3/4 of the turtle's length. Some turtle friends will keep turtles in sorting boxes, pots and even sinks. This is not impossible. But you'd better buy a glass jar for the tortoise. On the one hand, the transparency is good, and the sunlight can be directly irradiated recently. Secondly, turtle friends can also observe turtles from different angles to increase the happiness of raising turtles.

A friend raised a 1-2CM Brazilian turtle in a small round goldfish bowl. This is just a stopgap measure. Because if the tortoise grows up, this small tank will definitely not be enough. The author once had a lesson in this respect. When I first started to raise turtles, I bought two small Brazilian animals about 5CM and raised them in a small round goldfish bowl. A few days later, I found that the water tank was too small. In order to ensure that the tortoise has enough space, I have to buy another 40 cm rectangular water tank. With the increase in the number of turtles (6) and their continuous growth (now 5CM turtles have grown to 6. 6CM) Now the author finds that if the heater and filter are put into a 40CM water tank, the turtle's activity space will be limited. Therefore, the author intends to buy a 100CM value-added tax to completely solve this problem. From this point of view, the most economical way is to plan how many turtles you want to raise at the beginning of breeding, so as to choose the right breeding container and save repeated investment in the future.

Sixth, the choice of Brazilian tortoise

The selection of turtles can be seen from the aspects of appearance, activity and physique.

1. When the weight of female turtle is 1000g and the weight of male turtle is above 250g, the appearance of red-eared turtle is mature. The appearance is neat, and the nail and abdominal nail are not damaged or festered; The skin on the body surface is anhydrous mildew or ulceration; Fingernails of limbs are intact, eyeball is prominent, but it is not red and swollen, and there is no white secretion.

2. Active and healthy turtles jump into the water or escape immediately after being disturbed when climbing on the shore, and sink into the water or swim after being submerged. On the other hand, it is not appropriate to choose turtles that are slow to respond after being disturbed, do not escape, and float on the water after being submerged.

3. A turtle with strong physique, large body, active eating and full limbs. When crawling, the limbs are propped up, and the abdominal armor is suspended in the air, instead of the abdominal armor sticking to the ground. Pull the turtle's leg with your hand, and your hand feels that the turtle's leg is strong and contracts inward.

Seven, feeding should include equipment and some appliances.

1, the container shall be equipped with the following equipment:

(1) a heater

(2) a filter

(3)UVB lamp tube

(4) The place where turtles bask in the sun

(5) Thermometer

(6) Siphon

(7) sundry fishing nets

(8) A pair of rubber gloves

If your turtle container is placed in a place with cold air or airflow, add a cover to the container (pay attention to ventilation).

It is worth noting that not every turtle owner has to buy or use these appliances. They all have different uses, which are briefly introduced as follows:

-Some friends keep turtles by heating in winter, and a heater becomes an essential electrical appliance.

Some friends are too lazy to change water for turtles every day, so a strainer becomes an indispensable tool.

A friend keeps turtles in places where the sun can't be seen all day, so a full-spectrum lamp becomes an indispensable instrument.

-a friend feeds at night and says he wants to watch turtles swim at night. Fluorescent lamps are essential. In fact, Gui You can buy a lamp holder (100 yuan to 200 yuan, the price is related to the brand, the size of the lamp holder and the place of purchase, which are basically imported). Then buy an ultraviolet lamp and a fluorescent lamp. You only need to irradiate the tortoise 1 hour every week (some articles say that it can only be irradiated for 5- 10 minutes), and it is best not to be on the spot when irradiating. Usually, fluorescent tubes can be changed into lighting.

Some friends keep turtles in the water, but there is no land. At this time, a place for turtles to bask in the sun has become an essential tool.

-Since the activity and health of turtles are closely related to water temperature and air temperature, thermometers are necessary instruments for breeding turtles. You can effectively know what the current water temperature is. It is best to buy two, one to detect the water temperature in the water and the other to detect the air in the cylinder. The price of thermometers is very cheap, the cheapest one is one yuan.

If you need to change some water for the tortoise, instead of all the water, a siphon is essential.

-If you want to fish out turtle droppings or leftover food from time to time, a debris net is essential. You can buy it anywhere where tropical fish are sold, from one yuan to two yuan each.

A pair of rubber gloves is necessary if you want to disinfect water with potassium permanganate or wash water tanks and other appliances by hand. It can prevent your hands from being corroded by potassium permanganate, and it can also prevent you from being scratched by some instruments.

The following is a detailed description of some electrical appliances.

2. Heater

If the winter temperature in your area is lower than 15℃ and the water temperature is lower than 16℃, and you want to raise turtles in winter, a heater (some people call it a heating rod) is essential.

The appearance of the heater is a test tube. The tube is supported by ceramic or translucent heat-resistant glass tube, wound with Ni-Cr alloy wire, filled with quartz sand and sealed with rubber plug. Working principle: When the power supply is turned on, the current first passes through the Ni-Cr alloy wire, which makes it heat. With the increase of temperature, the quartz sand is finally conducted into the glass tube, thus gradually increasing the temperature of water. Electric heaters can be divided into two types: those with constant temperature control and those without constant temperature control unit. We recommend the one with thermostat. This will help to keep the water temperature constant. According to the type of heating tube material, it can also be divided into glass tube and stainless steel.

At present, there are three kinds of heaters on the market: plug-in heaters, immersion heaters and heaters with control units.

1) external heater. The upper end is hung or adsorbed on the upper wall or side wall of the cylinder with a sucker, and about 2/3 of the length is immersed in water, and one end of the connecting wire is exposed out of the water, and then the shaft core (or turntable) in the rubber tube is rotated to set the required temperature. Clockwise rotation means heating and counterclockwise rotation means cooling. Until the indicator light to be heated flashes. Observe the temperature after 2-3 hours and adjust it as needed.

2) Immersed electric heater. Its use method and principle are the same as that of the external heater, except that the whole heater is immersed in water. Some have temperature adjustment scales, which can be directly adjusted to the required water temperature scale.

3) The heater is matched with the thermostat. The heater is immersed in water, and then the water temperature is controlled by the L.C. electronic thermostat. This product is safer, more durable and easier to operate than the first two. Suitable for large aquariums. 、

When using the heater, the power setting depends on the size of the feeding container. According to experience, an ordinary living room needs 0.5W heating power per liter of water. Generally, for a rectangular cylinder of 75CM×30CM×45CM, a heater of 150W can be used. A 90CM×45CM×45CM vat needs a 200W heater.

Because stainless steel heaters are not small, generally more than 60CM, glass tube heaters are the only choice for friends who use small and medium-sized containers to raise turtles. When buying glass tube heaters, please pay attention to the following issues:

-Try to buy brand-name products, such as brand heaters such as Yinsheng, to ensure the quality.

-If the turtle has been raised above 500g, it is necessary to consider adding a protective cover outside the heater to prevent the turtle from damaging the heater. In fact, the direct cause of the damage of many heaters is that turtles are too naughty.

-Please unplug the power supply before changing the water. When replacing fresh water, be careful to let the heater cool in the air for at least 10 minutes before adding new water, otherwise the heater will burst.

-It is best to buy a heater with a constant temperature control unit, otherwise it is difficult to control the temperature in the cylinder.

-Be very careful when cleaning to avoid damage.

-Don't touch the water in the container with your hands after electrifying, in case of over-electrifying.

Step 3: Filter

There are three main filtering methods of filters: mechanical filtering, chemical filtering and biological filtering. In fact, the latter two filtration methods are usually used in tropical fish culture with strict requirements on water quality, but mechanical filtration is enough because turtle's requirements on water are not so high.

Mechanical filtration, also known as physical filtration, is a method to reduce the turbidity of water. Fine inorganic substances, organic houses and some or all microorganisms in the water gradually condense into aggregates visible to the naked eye through flocculation, which are suspended or deposited in the water to cause water turbidity. The existence of a large number of these aggregates will not only reduce the transparency of water and affect the ornamental effect, but also consume dissolved oxygen in water and affect the growth of endangered turtles. The function of mechanical filtration is to prevent large particles and stickies. The filter frame is a kind of filter material with good water permeability and dense gaps.

According to the position of the filter in the container, it can be divided into bottom filter, upper filter, external filter, built-in filter, trickle filter and mixed filter. At present, there are two kinds of turtles: up-filtration and built-in filtration.

1) upper filter. Divided into two parts. The filtering part is installed at the top of the container, and the water pump sinks in the water at the bottom of the cylinder. Water is pumped into the filter for filtration, and then it is put back into the cylinder by gravity. At present, the new product also increases the oxygen permeability function. The advantage of this filter is that activated carbon or biochemical filter balls can be placed in the filter box. Filter cotton cleaning is very convenient. The disadvantage is that it takes up the space at the top of the water tank. If you use a small pot below 40CM, it will occupy almost all the space at the top, which will bring inconvenience to feeding and cleaning. Therefore, it is suitable for larger cylinders.

2) Built-in filter (submerged filter). The device is immersed in water, and the water is directly sucked into the pump through the filter at the inlet of the pump by using the submersible pump, and then discharged into the cylinder. This kind of filter has the advantages of small volume, low noise, limited aquarium space, easy management, assembly and maintenance, etc., but the cleaning time of the treated water body and filter material is short, and it can only be used in smaller water tanks.

3) Others: activated carbon. Many friends who have just raised turtles often ask about the use and purpose of activated carbon. Here is a brief introduction. Activated carbon has the functions of fading and deodorizing. Quickly purify water. The frequency of each use should not be too long. When the water in the tank is clear and tasteless, you can take out the activated carbon, rinse it with salt water, and then expose it to the sun for later use. The newly bought activated carbon should be washed with clear water to prevent a large amount of carbon powder from entering the cylinder. High quality activated carbon should be neutral, granular, with the largest surface area, dust-free and easy to degas. Some friends worry that chlorine in tap water will do harm to soft-shelled turtle, and chlorine can be quickly removed by activated carbon. The method is as follows: use a plastic bottle (coke bottle or sprite bottle), the bottle mouth is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the bottom of the bottle is opened with a water outlet pipe. The bottle is filled with activated carbon, and the chlorine in tap water is removed by the adsorption of activated carbon, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid chlorine removal. The service life of activated carbon is limited. If it is used for too long, it may be harmful not to replace it.

Step 4 light

If your turtle can't see the sun all day, you need to irradiate it regularly with UVB tube.

2.0 of UVB refers to the irradiation intensity of UVB. The specific use depends on the habits and size of the animals you keep. For example, 2.0 is suitable for small and medium-sized rainforest animals, such as sub-adult ig, and 5.0 or 8.0 is suitable for desert animals, such as maned lions. The ultraviolet rays used by ordinary animals do little harm to people, so there is no need to formulate some special defensive measures. Otherwise, animals can't stand it. The main function of UVB is to use UVB to promote the circulation of digestive system in animals with variable temperature, and it can also effectively disinfect skin and promote the growth of calcareous synthetic bone. It is one of the necessary tools for climbing friends.

5. siphon

Siphon is a pipe that makes the water in the cylinder automatically flow to the water receiving container by using the height difference between the water level in the cylinder and the water receiving container. It can be a rubber tube or a plastic tube. When changing water, first put the water container under the turtle container. The water receiving container must be lower than the water level of the turtle's container, otherwise there is no way to let the water out. In fact, the greater the water level difference between the water container and the turtle container, the greater the speed and flow rate of water. Fill this pipe with water under the tap, then put it in the turtle tank with one hand holding the nozzle at one end and the other hand holding the other end in the water container. Finally, loosen both ends of the pipe and the water will automatically flow out.

6. Layout of feeding environment

Brazilian tortoises are usually kept in glass jars. This paper takes the glass jar as an example to talk about the environmental layout of aquaculture. Part of it is taken from Family Breeding of Ornamental Turtles —— Teacher Zhou Ting.

If the height of the water tank is enough, the submerged filter should usually be arranged vertically in the corner of the water tank, which can save valuable space for turtles. The rest platform (where turtles bask in the sun) is installed opposite the filter. The water level in the cylinder should be half of the slope of the rest platform. The heater can be placed under the rest platform, which is beautiful and should not be hit by turtles. If the tortoise weighs more than 250 grams, a shell (glass heater) should be added outside the heater to prevent the tortoise from colliding and leaking electricity. A small amount of snails or cheap goldfish or tropical fish can be kept in the tank (goldfish can eat small stolen goods that cannot be filtered by the filter, and turtles can eat fish when they are hungry), which can not only increase the ornamental effect, but also keep the water clean. You can put a thermometer in the tank to observe the water temperature. You can put a lamp holder on the top of the cylinder and regularly irradiate the tortoise with fluorescent lamp or UVB. The cylinder should be covered and kept warm when the room temperature is low in winter (don't cover it completely to avoid affecting ventilation).

Eight, the disease prevention of Brazilian tortoise

Preventing the Brazilian tortoise from getting sick mainly through the following aspects.

1, create enough exercise space for turtles, stimulate them to exercise more by raising more than two turtles, enhance their physique and try to avoid getting sick.

2, recipes can not be single, you need to change food from time to time. Let them take some vitamins every two weeks.

3, the water quality is good, and skin diseases are prevented.

4. Immediately after feeding, prevent them from being placed in a low temperature place to prevent enteritis.

5. Pay attention that the temperature difference between the air temperature and the water temperature should not be too big, within 2 degrees, otherwise the tortoise will catch a cold or pneumonia.

6. Family members should be careful not to talk to the tortoise directly, otherwise it will make the tortoise catch a cold.

7. Try to give turtles a chance to bask in the sun. Ultraviolet rays in the sun have bactericidal effect. But be sure to avoid them being exposed to the hot sun in summer.

8. Observe the activities of turtles. If the behavior is abnormal, find the reason in time. Eliminate diseases at an early stage.

Note: The information provides the steps of dancing.