Zhang Heng's Story Mathematics

Zhang Heng (AD 78- 139), a native of Xi 'e, Nanyang (now Shiqiaoxia Village, Nanyang City, Henan Province), once held the posts of Shangshu and Hejian. He is "intelligent, sensitive and eager to learn, like the death of Sichuan, sleepless." Morality is overflowing, articles are floating clouds, mathematics is poor in the world, production is natural, skills are extraordinary, and aboveboard. "He" is not disrespectful, and he is disrespectful of virtue; ""I'm not ashamed of Lu's incompetence, but of my ignorance. "He was a great scientist, writer, inventor and politician in the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, and set up a towering monument in the history of world science and culture.

In seismology, he invented the "seismograph", which is the first measuring instrument in the world.

Seismic and azimuth instruments are earlier than those in Europe 1700 years. In astronomy, he invented the "armillary sphere", which is the world's first large-scale astronomical instrument driven by water to observe stars. He wrote books such as Notes on the Huntianyi Instrument and Lingxian, drew a complete star chart, and put forward the scientific conclusion that "moonlight is born in the sun". In geography, he drew a complete topographic map and developed "back-bulging cart" and "pulling cart". In mathematics, he wrote The Theory of Calculation, and calculated the values of pi between 3. 1466 and 3. 1622. It is amazing that such an accurate calculation can be made over 1800 years ago. In meteorology, he created "Hou Fengyi", which is an instrument for forecasting wind force and direction, more than 65,438+0,000 years earlier than the western weather vane. In mechanics, his "single wood carving" is the earliest aircraft in the world, as well as plans (solar shadow devices) and activity calendars. In literature, he is a brilliant star in the history of China literature. The representative works "Tokyo Fu" and "Xijing Fu" are collectively called "Erjing Fu", which describes the prosperous scenes of Chang 'an and Luoyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty and satirizes the dissolute and shameless parasitic life of bureaucrats and nobles. Du Nan Fu vividly depicts the social outlook, natural scenery and folk customs of Nanyang County at that time. In addition, there are more than 30 articles such as Return to Tianfu, Four Fu Xuan and Four Xi History. In art, he ranks first among the six famous painters in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Zhang Heng's great contribution to science and technology, literature and art is not only the glory and pride of the Chinese nation, but also the precious wealth left to the whole human history. Zhang Heng deserves to be a dazzling science and literature twin in the world. 1956 10 inscription by Mr. Guo Moruo: "Such an all-round development figure is also rare in world history." 1990 In May, Mr. Yan Jici also wrote an inscription for Zhang Heng's Tomb: "Exquisite instruments reveal the world, and scientific sages write the future."

Zhang Heng was listed as a world cultural celebrity in 1950s. 1953 and 1955, China successively issued the portrait of Zhang Heng and the seismograph stamps. 1960, Princeton university translated and published his "two capitals fu". 1970 and 1977, the international astronomical union named a crater on the moon as "Zhang Hengshan" and an asteroid in the solar system with the number 1802 as "Zhang Hengxing". 198 1 year, Shanghai Shipyard named a 16000-ton multi-purpose freighter built by Zhonglang Company as "Zhang Heng", and set sail all over the world with the glory and pride of the Chinese nation.

Zhang Heng's Tomb, a national key cultural relics protection unit, is located in the west of Shiqiao Xiao Shi Qiaocun, Wolong District, Nanyang City. Because Zhang Heng was a Shangshu in his later years, it is also commonly known as the tomb of Shangshu. There are mountains and water, and the scenery is beautiful. A stone's throw north of the tomb is the "Ping Zi Reading Desk". According to legend, it is the place where Zhang Heng studied hard and studied hard when he was a child. The tomb is adjacent to Wan and Luo ancient roads in the east, and faces Hubei Mingsha Temple across the road. On the west side of the tomb is a raw field, and the newly built highway runs through the north and south. Two waters, like ribbons, flow eastward from the tomb, with willows dancing on both sides. If other landscapes are pearls shaped like necklaces, then Zhangheng Cemetery is a crystal jewel. For thousands of years, how many people have been attracted here to look at the remains, explore the past and think about the leisure of ancient things. After paying a visit to Zhang Heng's Tomb, Luo, a famous literary figure in the early Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "Crossing a Tomb": "Western Hubei should be reasonable and Nanyang should be virtuous." Jade is impetuous and beautiful, and copper is muddy and thoughtful. "Wait a minute. These sincere poems express admiration for Zhang Heng's brilliant talents and remarkable achievements. The original building in Zhang Heng's Tomb is magnificent, and the stone beast is opposite to Weng Zhong, and the temple is magnificent. However, more than a thousand years later, due to wind and rain erosion and war damage, the scenery became increasingly desolate. After the founding of New China, the party and the state rebuilt Zhangheng Cemetery. In recent years, it has been newly built and expanded, and its scale has gradually increased.

Entering the gate of the completed cemetery, the first thing that catches people's eyes is a pair of tall and majestic Han Que, made of brick and covered with double eaves. The upper part of Hanque is decorated with a bucket arch and a phoenix bird. Under the roof at the top, two stubborn people grabbed the roof in one hand and wandered around while playing, embarrassed. There are seven exhibition halls on the east and west sides of Hanque, displaying the utensils invented by Zhang Heng and the text and picture panels introducing Zhang Heng's great contribution in his life. There is a watchtower at the top of the exhibition hall, which is symmetrical from east to west and quite spectacular. Northbound along the road, it is a cross-shaped curved bridge that leads from east to west to monuments and galleries, from grave to grave, and continues along the central axis. The stone statues on both sides are arranged in an orderly way, passing through the altar in the middle and climbing the steps, which is a flat land. Standing here, looking out, Pufeng is far away, Hull River is like a belt, ancient pagodas stand tall, villages and Tian She alternate with each other, and nearby pavilions each hold their own potential, and strange trees and different grasses win glory. Just like a beautiful scroll of colored ink paintings, it makes people feel relaxed and happy, lingering. Through the stone pavilion, there is a granite statue of Zhang Heng, five meters high. The statue looked up, solemn and lifelike. On the marble covering around the base, there are inscriptions and reliefs of "armillary sphere" and "seismograph". Behind the statue is a dark gray stone wall engraved with the full text of Zhang Heng's Ode to Hometown. Bypassing the monument wall, there is a tall tomb with a height of 8 meters and a circumference of 79 meters. The mausoleum is surrounded by Zhou Songbai and has a circular tunnel for tourists to visit. Mr. Guo Moruo's poem tablet stands in front of the tomb, which is surrounded by blue bricks and octagonal flower walls. Inscriptions from Jiajing to Guangxu in Qing Dynasty were erected on both sides of the tomb door, and the stele building was stamped. On the east side of the monument building, the symbol monument of "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit" is erected, and on the west side, the inscription monument of Mr. Yan Jici is erected.

People in Nanyang, Zhang Heng's hometown, are learning from Zhang Heng, inheriting and carrying forward Zhang Heng's achievements. At the same time, they are warmly welcoming groups of Chinese and foreign tourists who come to visit Zhang Heng's Tomb and Zhangheng Museum.

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Ancient and modern cemeteries?

In the fourth year of He Yong, Emperor Shundi of Han Dynasty (A.D. 139), Zhang Heng, who suffered a lot, died without regret and was buried in his dream hometown-Nanyang, western Hubei. At the age of 62. Since then, the great scientists and writers in the history of our country have rested on this fertile soil that gave birth to him and nurtured him, taking heaven and earth as friends and vegetation as companions, and watching the vicissitudes of the world. ?

Zhang Heng's Tomb is located in the northwest corner of Shi Qiaocun, Shiqiao, Wolong District, Nanyang City, 25 kilometers away from the urban area. Because Zhang Heng held the post of Shangshu in his later years, it is also commonly known as "Shangshu Tomb". There are mountains and water, and the scenery is beautiful. Two kilometers northwest of the mausoleum, it is the famous site of Western Hubei City in Han Dynasty. On the east side of the tomb, it is adjacent to Wan and Luo ancient roads, and faces the North Wanming Temple across the road. The stone chambers in the Song Dynasty and the ancient pagodas in Sun Yicheng Temple are still well preserved and listed as key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. Looking back on that year, the temple was not lonely, because the sound was loud, the incense was constant, and the morning bells were ringing. On the west side of the tomb, there is a fertile land, and the newly-built highway runs through the north and south. Two waters, like ribbons, flow eastward from the tomb, with weeping willows dancing on both sides. A stone's throw north of the tomb is the "Ping Zi Reading Desk", which is said to be the place where Zhang Heng studied hard and studied hard in his childhood. ?

If other landscapes are pearls shaped like necklaces, then Zhangheng Cemetery is a crystal jewel. For thousands of years, how many people have been attracted here to look at the remains, explore the past and think about the leisure of ancient things. After paying a visit to Zhang Heng's Tomb, Luo, a famous literary figure in the early Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "Crossing the Tomb of Zhangpingzi": "Western Hubei should be reasonable, while Nanyang should be virtuous. Jade floats and algae is beautiful, and copper is turbid and deep. I suddenly miss today and yesterday, not the past and present. The setting sun is dark and the wind is ancient. I only sigh at the end of the poor spring. " Zheng Gu, a poet, once wrote a poem called Temple of Zhang Heng here: "Far vulgarity is only for lewd sacrifice, but it has been solid for many years. Jiangyan has no drums in the afternoon, until now, "Four Sorrow". " These sincere poems not only express the poet's admiration for Zhang Heng's brilliant and remarkable achievements, but more importantly, they truly record the tombs and temples at that time.

However, over the years, thousands of years later, due to the erosion of wind and rain, the destruction of soldiers and bandits, the situation of Zhangheng cemetery has become more and more barren. During this period, although some people with lofty ideals repaired it, it was still as desolate and lonely as the morning star. By the time of the Republic of China, even Zhang Heng's name seemed to have been forgotten, so that a joke was made that people only knew the tomb of Shangshu but didn't know Zhang Heng's Tomb. The reading desk has long since disappeared, leaving only bricks and rubble. The cemetery is overgrown with weeds and thorns, with only a bare mound and two mossy and illegible stone tablets. ?

Sometimes, I dare to teach the sun and the moon to change into a new sky. After the founding of New China, the state attached great importance to Zhang Heng Mausoleum, and the relevant units assigned special personnel to collect and sort out the relevant historical materials of Zhang Heng's invention, and carried out imitation model work. From 65438 to 0956, the Henan Provincial People's Government allocated special funds to build Zhangheng Cemetery and Reading Desk. The tomb was raised again, and in front of it stood an inscription by Mr. Guo Moruo, former president of China Academy of Sciences: "... such a comprehensive and developed figure is rare in world history." A stone tablet that worships for thousands of years and makes people admire. Pines and cypresses are planted all over the tomb area, and octagonal blue brick flower walls are built around it. On both sides of the gate, there are steles between Jiajing of Ming Dynasty and Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, and there are stele buildings. A brick-waist-shaped high platform was rebuilt on the former site of the reading platform, and there is a stone tablet inscribed by Song Shaoliang, the former Nanyang Commissioner. 1June, 963, Zhang Heng's Tomb was announced by the Henan Provincial People's Government as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit; 1988 1 month, which was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit. And confirmed the scope of protection. ?

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Zhang Heng Museum?

The master plan of Zhangheng Museum was designed by Henan Institute of Ancient Architecture on the basis of repeated argumentation by many experts and scholars. The designer considered the combination of Zhang Heng's cemetery with the surrounding environment, topography and geomorphology, and learned the excellent traditional experience of ancient architecture in China. The appearance of Han-like buildings and the blue-gray tone highlight the solemn atmosphere of cemeteries and museums, and the overall layout and the image of single buildings imply Zhang Heng's outstanding contribution in history. ?

The overall planning covers an area of about 38,000 square meters. It consists of two parts: Zhangheng Cemetery and Museum. The planned cemetery covers an area of about15000m2. Comprehensive cemetery status, arranged on the north-south axis, can be roughly divided into two parts. The southern part includes Han Que, concierge, curved bridge, stele building, gallery, stone statue student, altar and tomb passage. There are stone steps, Shixiangtang, bust of Zhang Heng, monument wall, mausoleum and watchtower in the north. ?

The entrance to the cemetery is located at the southernmost tip. The first thing that enters people's field of vision is a pair of tall and majestic Han Que, made of masonry and covered with double eaves. The upper part of the pavilion is decorated with a bucket arch and a phoenix bird. Under the top eaves, two urchins are playing and wandering, clutching the eaves. After the Han Que, there were seven gatehouses on the east and west sides, and a watchtower was built on the top of the gatehouse, which was symmetrical from east to west and quite spectacular. Not far from the north along the road, there is a cross-shaped curved bridge, which leads from east to west to monuments and galleries, and from north to mausoleum. Moving on along the central axis, the stone statues on both sides are arranged in order, pass through the altar in the middle and climb the steps, which is a flat land. Standing here, looking out, Pufeng is far away, the Hull River is like a belt, ancient pagodas stand tall, villages and Tian She alternate with each other, and nearby pavilions each hold its own position, and strange trees and different grasses compete for each other. Just like a beautiful scroll of colored ink paintings, it makes people feel relaxed and happy, lingering. Passing through the Stone Elephant Hall, there is a bust of Huagang statue of Zhang Heng, which is five meters high. The statue looks up, solemn and lifelike. The base is of reinforced concrete structure, covered with marble, and surrounded by inscriptions and reliefs of "armillary sphere" and "seismograph". There is a dark gray tablet wall behind the statue, engraved with the full text of Dunan Fu written by Zhang Heng praising his hometown. Bypassing the monument wall, there is a tall "bucket-shaped" tomb, surrounded by four Zhou Songbai, and a circular tunnel for tourists to visit. ?

Zhangheng Museum is located on the west side of Zhangheng Cemetery, near the newly-built expressway, covering an area of about 23,000 square meters. Its main buildings include gatehouse, comprehensive exhibition hall, ancient planetarium, simulated earthquake hall, stele gallery, comprehensive exhibition hall and so on. Through these exhibition halls and museums, the audience can fully understand Zhang Heng's life story, scientific contributions, inventions and literary achievements. Ancient Planetarium: Its design is based on the "Lingtai" in the Han Dynasty and the figures in the traditional calendar of China. It can show China's outstanding contributions and achievements in ancient astronomy. Ancient astronomical instruments and modern observational astronomical instruments can be copied on the roof, which can not only publicize astronomical knowledge to the masses, but also provide scientific research for professional academic groups; Simulated earthquake museum: display the historical data of China earthquake and publicize the knowledge of earthquake prevention; At the same time, the auditorium is designed as a movable facility, where the audience can sit and experience earthquakes at all levels, accompanied by natural strange phenomena such as ground sound, ground light and abnormal smell. The inscription gallery collects and engraves ancient and modern celebrity hymns. In a word, Zhangheng Museum will be built into a good place to carry forward excellent national culture, popularize scientific knowledge and educate the masses in patriotism. ?

According to the requirements of "overall planning and phased construction", the construction project of Zhangheng Cemetery is currently under construction. Now, in addition to the students who are carving and installing the statue of Zhang Heng and the stone statue, the hardening and greening tasks of the walls, corridors, gatehouses, watchtowers and roads in the cemetery have been completed. The construction of Zhangheng Cemetery has begun to take shape.

The construction of Zhangheng Museum has been strongly supported by leaders at all levels and relevant departments, which has aroused great repercussions in society. Many leaders and the masses gave generously, which fully expressed the people's thoughts and feelings of loving science and worshiping Zhang Heng. As Zhang Deqin, then director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, said after listening to the report on the construction of Zhangheng Museum in Zhangheng Cemetery, "Donating money to Zhangheng Cemetery is not only a matter of money, but more importantly, it has aroused the patriotic enthusiasm and scientific enthusiasm of the masses and achieved the educational purpose". ? Looking ahead, the prospect is gratifying. A large-scale and spectacular Zhangheng Museum has sprung up in Nanyang, a famous historical and cultural city. It is of great significance to inherit and carry forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation, enhance the awareness of science and technology, invigorate the national spirit, promote the construction of socialist two civilizations, and expand the scientific and cultural exchanges and friendly exchanges between our people and the people of other countries. ?

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Zhang heng

When Zhang Heng was a child, his family was poor, but he was young, studious and smart. Cui Ai, a famous scholar in China, said that he was "intelligent, sensitive and eager to learn, like the death of Sichuan, and never sleeps". When he was a teenager, he accumulated quite a wealth of knowledge. In the sixth year of Yongyuan (AD 94), Zhang Heng left his hometown with lofty political ambitions and began to travel around famous cities, seeking teachers and asking for jobs. He once traveled to Sanfu, entered the capital, observed imperial studies, recited the Five Classics and practiced six arts. At the age of eighteen, he wrote his first literary work, Wenquan Fu.

At the age of twenty-three, Zhang Heng was hired as the master book by Baode, the magistrate of Nanyang County. Since then, he has spent ten years writing two famous Jingbin (that is, Xijingbin and Tokyo Bin), satirizing the unhealthy trend that "the world will be extravagant for a long time", vividly describing the grand occasion of the famous capital and the old city, and showing his high achievements in literature.

In the fourth year of Yongchuan (A.D. 1 10), Zhang Heng was recommended by Baode to become a doctor in Beijing. After three years in office, he was promoted to assistant minister of Shangshu, and was promoted again in the second year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1 15). He was appointed by a surname to be in charge of astronomy, calendar and weather forecast. Since then, he devoted himself to literature and achieved great success.

Zhang Heng's view of celestial bodies in the universe is "Huntian theory", which holds that "Huntian is like a chicken" and the relationship between heaven and earth is like an eggshell wrapped with egg yolk. His book Lingxian used terms such as equator, ecliptic, South Pole and North Pole, and drew the first complete star map of China, with 2,500 stars. In 1 17, he created the world's first armillary sphere driven by dripping water from a copper pot. The armillary sphere can turn twice, and it is engraved with the north and south poles, the equator and the ecliptic. Twenty-four solar terms, sun, moon, stars, etc. The positions and positions of the sun, the moon and the stars are exactly the same as those in the universe. In the first year of Jianguang (A.D. 12 1), Zhang Heng was transferred to Sima Ling, and then went to the lunar eclipse table. In the first year of Yongjian (AD 126), Shun Di was transferred to the old post of Taishiling. In the first year of Yangjia (AD 132), a seismograph for waiting for the wind was created, which was made of pure copper and shaped like a wine bottle. Eight dragons surround it, with their faucets facing east, south, west, north and northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest respectively. Every dragon has a copper pill in its mouth, and a frog is squatting under every faucet. If there is an earthquake, the longkou in the direction of the earthquake will automatically open, and the copper pill will roll out and fall into the frog's mouth. The staff can immediately write down the time and direction of the earthquake.

Zhang Heng also created and invented the drum car in the meter, the guide car, the shadow-measuring turtle, the unique wood carving and so on. , and wrote the theory of calendar composition and calculation, and wrote more than 30 books on science, philosophy and literature. He made great contributions to calendar, mathematics, philosophy and literature and art.

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Zhang Heng Chronicle?

Zhang Heng, whose real name is Ping Zi, was born in Nanyang. Grandfather, the word "Jun You", treat "Liang Qiu Yi" less. When he was a martial artist, he served as the prefect of Shu County, worshiped riding a captain, and later worshipped the prefect of Yuyang. After his death, his wife was poor. Father is always unknown. ?

AD 78 (the third year of Zhang in the Eastern Han Dynasty)-1year old Zhang Heng was born in Nanyang E (now Shiqiaoxia Village, Wolong District, Nanyang City, Henan Province) and his good friend Cui Yuan and Heng were born in the same year. ?

79 years (the fourth year of Zhang Di's founding)-2 years old? Ma Rong was born (79- 166). Ban Gu edited White Tiger Yi Tong. ?

80 years (the fifth year of Zhang Di's founding)-3 years old? Ma Yan worshiped Dr. Volkswagen and became a master. ?

8 1 year (Zhang Di was founded six years ago) -4 years old? Is it five words or a year's life? . Yu Bao died in June.

In 82 (the seventh year of Zhang Di's founding), at the age of 5, Ban Gu wrote Hanshu. ?

83 years (eight years after the founding of Emperor Zhang)-6 years old? Zhao Zhuru got Zuo Shi, Gu Liang Chunqiu, Wen Gu Shangshu and Shi Mao from Jia Kui. ? Zheng Zhongzu. ?

84 years (the first year of Zhang Hehe)-7-year-old Xun Shusheng (84- 149). ? In August, Zhang Qian went to Pepe to take office and built a shrine for Huan Tan's tomb. ?

In 85 (Zhang Yuanhe two years)-at the age of eight, I wrote a letter in February, and Li Fan and others wrote the Calendar.

86 years (Zhang and three years)-9 years old?

87 years (the first year of Zhangdi Zhanghe)-10 years old

88 years (Zhang and two years)-1 1 year?

89 years (the first year of Yongyuan)-12 years old? In July, Dou Xian defeated the Northern Xiongnu and attacked Ranyanshan in Le Ming. ? Bao Deju, assistant minister of Huangmen. ? Chen Chong is the Taishou of Mount Tai. ?

90 years (Yong Yuan 2 years)-13 years old? Wang Chongzu, the author of Lun Heng. ? Ban Chao broke the Vietnamese. ?

9 1 year (three years in Yongyuan)-14-year-old Hu Guangsheng. ? Jia Kui is the left corps commander. ?

1April 1992 18 Shi Jing earthquake. ? On June 19, an earthquake of magnitude 13 occurred in this county. ? Chen Chong is a big sinong. ? Cui Yuan's father Cui Ma passed away. ?

1993 (five years of yongyuan)-16-year-old Li Gusheng (93- 146). ?

In 1994 (the sixth year of Yong Yuan)-17 years old? At Sanfu? ? In September, Lu changed to Guang Luxun. ? Chen Chong moved to Tingwei.

In 1995, 18 years old, you Sanfu, wrote "Hot Spring Fu". ? Enter the capital and learn five classics and six arts. Zhu Lian Xiao? It is not enough to establish a government. ? Cui Yuan went to Beijing. ? Shi Jing earthquake on September 25th.

In 1996 (the eighth year of Yongyuan)-19 years old? Spent two years in the capital. ? Know Ma Rong, Wang Fu, Zhang Dou and Cui Yuan. ? Write "Seven Debates". The first grass "Erjing Fu". ?

1997 (nine years of Yong Yuan)-20 years old, worked in Beijing for three years. ? Xu Zhisheng (97—— 168). ? Lu Xun and Lu Gai are both Stuart. ? Longxi earthquake in early March. ? Cai Lun was secretly made a sword from above. ? Ban Chao sent Gan Ying to Daqin (Rome) in the Western Regions, but he was blocked by rest. ?

In 1998 (the tenth year of Yongyuan) -2 1 year? Spent four years in the capital. Ma Yan passed away (17-98). ?

1999 (11th year of Yongyuan)-22 years old? Spent five years in the capital. Write Ding Qingfu. ?

100 year (12th year of Yongyuan)-23 years old? Baode is the magistrate of Nanyang, and the balance is the main book of Baode. ? Make a simultaneous song. ? It is illegal for Lu Gai to beat Zhang. ? Xu Shen wrote Shuo Wen Jie Zi.

10 1 year (13th year of yongyuan) -24 years old? For two years, I have been a master writer of Balder. Write fan fu. ? Stuart Lugai, please. ?

102 (14th year of Yongyuan) -25 years old? I've been Balder's main book for three years. ? Stuart Beggar died and wrote Stuart Lv Gong.

103 (fifteen years of yongyuan) -26 years old? As Baldor's main work for four years. Write an inscription. ? In September, I visited the south with the emperor and realized my dream. ?

104 (in the 16th year of Yongyuan) -27 years old? Five years as a master work of Baldor. 10, Chen Chong visited Sikong. ? Chen (104—— 187) is 84 years old. ? In Yanzhou, Henan, Xu and Hebei, crops have been damaged by years of rain, and the sale of alcohol has been banned.

105 (the first year of Yuanxing) -28 years old? I have been a bald master book for six years. The eunuch ordered Cai Lun to improve the papermaking technology and make it "Cai Hou Paper". ? May 2 1 day Fufengyong earthquake. ? In December, the emperor collapsed, and the youngest son was only a hundred days old and succeeded the Shang emperor. ?

106 (the first year of the Shang emperor Yanping) -29 years old? For seven years, I was a master of Balder's book. ? In April, Chen Chong died. ? Engage in "common Chen Gongyi". ? In summer, there were 37 rains in the county; There are many floods in autumn and winter. ? Let's stop playing with dragons and people. ? In August, Shang Emperor died, and Liu Hu, the son of Qinghe King, was appointed as Andi. ?

107 (the first year of Andi Yongchu)-30 years old? Eight years of master Balder's book. ? Write "Erjing Fu". Such as "Nanyang literary scholars praise books." ? This is the18th earthquake in this county 1998. ?

108 (the second year of Ann) -3 1 year? For nine years, I was the chief bookkeeper of Bowder. ? Nanyang satrap Baode worshiped Dasinong and went back to his hometown to study. ? That year, there were forty floods, strong winds, heavy rains and hail in the capital and counties. ? County 12 earthquake. ? In November, Deng Zhi paid homage to the general. ? Deng Zhi asked Ma Rong to be Mr. Sheren, but they didn't get along. ?

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109 (third year of Ann) -32 years old? When studying at home for 2 years. ? Deng Zhi tired to call the general, should not. ? FuFeng Zhang Dou avoid qiang chaos, home outside the yellow. ? Mars was born.

1 10 year (the fourth year of Ann) -33 years old? Accumulate knowledge. ? Serina Liu asked Shen Heng to comment on the views of the East, but without success. Write fu. ? Ma Rong should be called by Deng Zhi. He should be the secretary of the school. ? In early March, these four earthquakes occurred in nine countries and regions. On September 3, an earthquake occurred in Yiqi County. ?

1 1 1 year (the fifth year of Ann)-34 years old as the last year of studying at home. Goodbye, doctor. ? Learning is too mysterious. ? There is a book with Cui Yuan. Making "Tai Zhu Xuan". Make "Xuantu". Bao Jide, an old farmer, died, and people called him "Bao Jide, an old farmer". ? On the seventh day of the first month, there was an earthquake. ?

1 12 (the sixth year of Ann) -35 years old? Langzhong for two years. ? Discuss Han etiquette with Serina Liu, indecisive. ?

1 13 (the seventh year of Andiyong) -36 years old? Three years in Langzhong. ?

1 14 (five years of Andiyuan)-at the age of 37, Feng Xiaolian was transferred to Shangshu as an assistant minister. Learn astronomy, yin and yang, academic law, and arithmetic. It is the bird calendar of the Yellow Emperor. In the first month, I sent a letter to Sanfu County to merge, cooling down the six counties and letting the redundant poor flow. On June 28th, Hedong collapsed. This is the15th earthquake in this county in 2005.

1 15 (the second year of Andiyuan)-moved at the age of 38. Making topographic maps is the first of the six schools in the late Han Dynasty. There are nineteen locusts in Hexian County, Henan Province, and the locust plague has lasted for seven years. 1 1 9 county earthquakes at the beginning of the month.

1 16 (three years in Andi Garden)-39 years old, lived in Taishiling for two years. It is wonderful to study yin and yang. Be a little bastard. Ma Rong starred in Ode to Guang Cheng. February county national earthquake.

1 17 (four years in Andi) -40 years old? Lived in Taishiling for three years. ? Build an armillary sphere. Turn it into a leaking room, corresponding to the sky, if appropriate. ? Take notes on the armillary sphere, and turn water leakage into armillary sphere notes. ? Liu Zhen and others. Who revised the Han family law? Hu Guangju Lian Xiao. ? This is the13rd earthquake in this county in 2007. ?

1 18 (five years in Andi) -4 1 year? Lived in Taishiling for 4 years. ? Write "Ling County" and "Ling County Map". ? This is the14th earthquake in this county in 2007. ?

1 19 (Andi Yuan six years) -42 years old? Five years of Taishiling. ? Author of Calculation Failure Theory. ? On the first day of December, there was food every day, and there was an earthquake in the county. ?

120 (the first year of Andi Yongning) -43 years old? Six years of Taishiling. ? Serina Liu and Liu are biographies of famous ministers since Jianwu. ? Deng Zunfu, Cui Yuanxi is the general of Liao. ? There were thirty-three floods in the capital and counties and twenty-three earthquakes in the counties. ?

12 1 year (the first year of Andi Jianguang) -44 years old? Master's order, transfer to the bus. ? There is a book that has made great progress. ? Deng Zhi committed suicide in May. ? In May, Cui Yuan was exempted from the Zunfu. ? On September 20 of that year, Xu rushed to the "Shuowen Jiezi Table". On each seal, the gains and losses are recorded. Send Dr. Guanglu to handle the case and give money to the deceased, 2000 people. Except for this year's rent. Don't stop paying tribute to those who have suffered greatly. ?

122 (the first year of Andi Yan Guang)-45 years old? I have lived on the bus for two years. ? Huang Xian died. ? In early September, these seven counties and countries suffered the 27th earthquake.

123 (Andy Yan Guang two years)-46 years old and Zhou Xingli lived on the bus for three years. ? Cui Yuan's bicycle riding general Yan Xianfu. ? Take Yang Zhen as a high place. ?

124 (Andy Yan Guang for three years)-47 years old? I have lived on the bus for four years. ? In February, I traveled from Andi East to meet Confucius. Hengzuo "East Tour Patent". ? Write Dance Fu. ? Write "Feather Hunting Fu". ? Ma Rong starred in Ode to the Orient. ? Cui Yuan called Chen Chan Emperor An Di, a waste prince. ?

125 (Andy Yan Guang four years) -48 years old? I have lived on the bus for five years. ? There will be a solar eclipse at the new moon in March. ? 1 1 On April 4th, an earthquake occurred in the capital and counties. ?

126 (the first year of Shun Di Yongjian)-49 years old? At the end of the bus is Sima Ling. Return to Taishiling. ? Shun Di sealed the epidemic last winter. ? Make "should be between". ? Lee? Write to the emperor because of the change of the weather. ? 1 1 On April 4th, an earthquake occurred in the capital and counties. ?

127 (Shun Di was built two years ago) -50 years old? Re-live in Taishiling for 2 years. ? Write "Hongfu" ? On July 5, Zheng Xuansheng (127-200). ?

128 (Shun Di has been built for three years) -5 1 year? Return to Taishi for 3 years. ? On the 25th day of the first month, Hanyang's land rent and customs tax will not be collected this year. On the fourth day of April in summer, Dr. Guanglu was sent to Hanyang, Hanoi, Wei Jun, Chenliu and Dong Jun to help the poor. ?

129 (Shun Di was built for four years)-52 years old and lived in Taishiling for four years. ? Write "Feather Hunting Fu". ? After the flood, Zuo Xiong pushed the school to avoid disaster. ?

130 (Shun Di was founded five years ago) -53 years old? Five years in Taishiling. On Shu. ? Ma Xu worships a captain who protects Qiang. ?

13 1 year (Shun Di has been built for six years) -54 years old? Six years after Taishiling. ? In September, imperial academy was established, with room 240 and room *** 1850. ?

132 (Yang Jia Yuan Nian, Shun Di)-55 years old and lived in Taishiling for 7 years. ? In July, the seismograph was made of pure copper. ? Make a record on the seismograph after the wind. ? On The Public Comment.

133 (Shun Di yangjia two years)-56 years old? Eight years after the Taishi Order. ? Countermeasures of Yangjia Ernian Stone Earthquake. The ministers ordered Zuo Xiong to raise Ma Rong and Zhang Heng. Consult first, and worship Lang as a teacher. ? Go to "Please ban books". In the process of moving, I went to Shudu. Cai Yong was born (133- 192). ?

134 (Shun Di yangjia for three years)-57 years old? I have been a waiter for two years. ? I asked you to specialize in Oriental View and collect heritage. And about "three histories of seeking reunification". ? There are more than ten things about Sima Qian and Ban Gu that are inconsistent with the classics. ?

135 (Shun Di yangjia four years) -58 years old? I have been a waiter for three years. ? Write "Fu Xuan". He wrote the exegesis of Zhou Guan. I tried to make up for Yi Shuo's image, but I didn't. ? Cui Yuan resigned from General Liang Shangbi and was promoted to a talented person in the middle of the year. ? Businessmen regard Guli as a middle-level official. ? The earthquake in Shi Jing occurred on130 February (136 February 18). ?

136 (the first year of Yonghe, Shun Di)-59 years old? In the last few years of service, he became a river. ? Write "Complaint". Moved to general Liao. ?

137 (Shun Di Yonghe two years) -60 years old? Lived in Hejian for 2 years. He wrote Four Sorrow, Ode to the Skull and Ode to the Grave. ?

138 (three years in Yonghe, Shun Di) -6 1 year? Lived in the river for three years. ? In February, I wrote Return to Tianfu. ? Seek bone by writing. ? Bye, minister. ? Zuo xiongzu ? Hou Feng's seismograph tasted Yilong's machine, but the ground did not move. Scholars in the capital accused it of its absence. It arrived in a few days, and there was an earthquake in Longxi, so everything was wonderful. Since then, it has made historians remember what to do. ? February 16, Taibai lost. The whole family was killed for restraint. In addition to this year's land rent, especially no tax. ?

139 (Shun Di Yonghe four years) -62 years old? He died in Shangshu and was buried in western Hubei. The Kyoto earthquake on April 8

Author: Nanyang people replied to this statement in Hong Kong in February 2006-1121:12 and deleted it.

7 Reply: 〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓-Nanyang Zhang Heng's Tomb 1 1.

Invented the world's first seismograph and meteorological instrument?

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were many earthquakes in China. In order to locate the earthquake in time and save people's lives and property, Zhang Heng paid attention to collecting earthquake information and records after becoming an official for the second time in 126. After years of painstaking research, he finally invented the world's first science to determine the location of earthquakes in 132 (Yangjiayuan year in Shun Di, Eastern Han Dynasty). Using it, we can not only know whether there is an earthquake, but also measure its direction. ? This seismograph is made of pure copper, shaped like a statue of wine and eight feet in diameter. There is a raised top cover on the instrument, and the exterior of the instrument is engraved with seal characters and figures such as mountains, turtles, birds and animals. There is a column inside the instrument, which can move laterally in eight directions along the guide rail and operate an on and off switch. Outside it, there are eight dragons, and each dragon has a dragon in its mouth.