Fortune Telling Collection - Horoscope - What are the origins of China's ancient catalogues and star maps in historical development?
What are the origins of China's ancient catalogues and star maps in historical development?
Archaeologists excavated a tomb of the early Western Han Dynasty in Fuyang, Anhui Province in 1977, and unearthed a 28-night disc engraved with a distance of 28 nights. These distance data are the same as those quoted in Kaiyuan Zhan Jing. In addition, the Five Elements Zhan unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province recorded the planetary motion data in the 3rd century BC, indicating that there were angular measuring tools at that time, and it was possible to measure the coordinate position of stars in the Shi Dynasty. The Secret Garden of Lingtai written by Wang Anli, a politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Wei Xiangkao written by Ma Duanlin, a historian at the turn of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, preserved the data of the observation catalog in the Song Dynasty. There are 360 stars in the catalogue recorded in the two books, and 345 stars are recognized by modern star names. The accuracy of this catalog is about half a degree, and the dating date is 1052. Astronomers such as Guo Shoujing in the Yuan Dynasty also completed the measurement of the catalogue, which was kept in the "Pi Depolarization Set" in the Ming Dynasty. This is a book that combines a star map with a catalogue. Next to a star on the map, the receding degree and receding degree of the star are indicated. There are 267 stars, 1375 stars and 739 stars with given coordinates. Therefore, this is both an all-sky catalog and an all-sky catalog. The Ming Dynasty imperial court ordered the translation of four volumes of astronomical documents in the western regions, which were kept in the Translation of Astronomical Documents in the Ming Dynasty. The concept of quantity was first introduced in the book, and it has been circulated in the west since Ptolemy. The astronomical literature translated in Ming Dynasty contains the magnitude and longitude values of 30 stars, which is the original work of Persian astronomer Hiroshi Yaer. Another catalog of the Ming Dynasty is in the book Seven Political Steps written by Ming astronomer Belin, which is an introduction to Arabic astronomy and written in 1477. There are 277 stars in the catalogue. The magnitude, latitude and longitude are given, and the names of Chinese and western stars are compared for the first time, which is very helpful for China people to learn European astronomy in the future. The data of this catalog may have been measured by Arab scholars at Shangdu Observatory in Yuan Dynasty.
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