Can embryo transfer screening completely eliminate the risk of genetic diseases?

Some people say that the rate of spontaneous abortion is high in elderly women after pregnancy, and the rate of fetal chromosome abnormality increases. Yes, these risks increase with age. Speaking of which, you have to back down again. After abortion, we will be traumatized physically and mentally, but abortion is a way to eliminate bad embryos. Let's give birth to a healthy baby, cheer for ourselves and accept it bravely. Of course, we can't always let the body destroy embryos. Now, embryos with normal chromosomes can be selected for transplantation through preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) technology of IVF embryos, which can avoid abortion caused by embryos. It is a very beneficial technology for elderly women to give birth to healthy babies. Experts pointed out that PGD is to detect the part above the embryo that is most prone to chromosome variation, and can screen out normal pregnant embryos. Embryos screened by PGD are easier to be implanted into uterus, and the natural mortality rate is lower, which also reduces the risk of giving birth to offspring with chromosomal abnormalities (such as Down syndrome). PGD technology can reduce the occurrence of gene tragedy. PGD technology allows embryologists to diagnose whether embryos carry genetic disease genes during the embryo implantation stage during IVF treatment. Screening genetically abnormal embryos by PGD can improve the implantation rate of healthy embryos and reduce the occurrence of spontaneous abortion and triploid chromosome abnormalities.

Applicable population of PGD:

1, has a history of repeated abortion, and the pregnant fetus has chromosome problems;

2. The woman's ovarian function is not good, or over 35 years old;

3. The sperm quality of the man is poor;

4. One of the prospective parents found the chromosome problem. In the general population, 1/5- 1/4 suffers from hereditary diseases, and each person carries 5-6 recessive genes on average. Screening embryos for genetic diseases and genetic defects before transplantation will improve the implantation rate and reduce the late abortion rate and the health risk of infants.

PGD Scheme and Detectable Hereditary Diseases: Chromosome Number Screening (PGD-PGS) Definition: 23 pairs of chromosomes of normal people, each pair is diploid, that is, two. If one, three or more chromosomes appear, it constitutes a genetic disease of abnormal chromosome number detection: there are hundreds of genetic diseases caused by abnormal chromosome number, such as 2 1 trisomy, that is, congenital idiocy (or Down syndrome), 18 trisomy (Edward's disease), 13 trisomy syndrome (patina) and 5p. If embryos with these chromosome problems become fetuses, most of them can also be detected in prenatal examination. Detection scheme: PGD-PGSa-CGH gene chip can also know the sex of the embryo. Definition of chromosome structure screening (PGD-PGS+ chromosome translocation and inversion detection): There are multiple gene fragments on each chromosome. If there are problems such as T- translocation and INV- inversion in gene fragments on chromosomes, the structure is abnormal, among which balanced translocation is the most common. Hereditary diseases: such as Roche translocation, chronic myeloid leukemia (chromosome 22 and 14), chromosome 9 inversion and other detection techniques: PGD-PGS+ chromosome translocation and inversion detection gene screening (single gene or multi-gene screening) Definition: Hereditary diseases refer to genetic diseases caused by deletion or distortion of 1 pair alleles. Genetic diseases: There are thousands of single-gene genetic diseases. Polygenic genetic diseases are rare but harmful, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, depression, cleft lip and palate. Detection technology: genetic screening can be done for genetic diseases (such as retinoblastoma) where pathogenic genes have been found; Hereditary diseases (such as common cleft lip and palate) with pathogenic genes cannot be found at present.