Common sense of Kyushu culture

The Five Mountains are the product of the combination of the worship of ancient mountain gods, the concept of five elements and the hunting meditation of emperors, which were later inherited by Taoism and regarded as famous Taoist mountains. They are:

Mount Tai (1532.7m) is located in Taian City, Shandong Province.

Xiyue Huashan (2 154.9m) is located in huayin city, Shaanxi.

Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue (1300.2m) is located in Nanyue District, Hengyang City, Hunan Province.

Mount Hengshan (20 16. 1 m) is located in hun yuan.

Zhongyue Songshan (149 1.7m) is located in Dengfeng City, Henan Province.

Mount Tai and Dongyue are worthy of the name. In China, 72 emperors visited Mount Tai for meditation.

Mount Taishan in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue, Hengshan in Beiyue, Songshan in Zhongyue and Hengshan in Nanyue have long been famous all over the world.

People often say that when the Five Mountains come back, they don't look at the mountains, and there is also a saying that "Mount Heng is like walking, Mount Tai is like sitting, Mount Huashan is like standing, Mount Songshan is like lying, and only Nanyue is as alone as flying".

Kyushu has different versions of state names in different periods, including Jizhou, Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yuzhou, Liangzhou and Yongzhou in Gong Yu. Later, there were 12 states, namely, Bingzhou in Jizhou, Yingzhou in Qingzhou and Liangzhou in Yongzhou. Generally speaking, "Kyushu" refers to China. For example, Kyushu is furious, and thousands of troops are sad. ("Jihai Miscellaneous Affairs")

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2. 50 cases of ancient cultural common sense

The nickname of the moon is the most prominent description object of natural objects mentioned in ancient poems.

Its nicknames can be divided into: (1) Because the first moon is like a hook, it is called a silver hook and a jade hook. (2) Because the string moon is like a bow, it is called jade bow and bow moon.

(3) The full moon is called golden wheel, jade wheel, silver plate, jade plate, golden mirror and jade mirror because it is like a wheel, a plate and a mirror. (4) It is said that there are rabbits and toads on the moon, so they are called silver rabbits, jade rabbits, golden toads, silver toads and the moon.

(5) According to legend, there are laurel trees in the middle of the month, so they are called Gui Yue, Guilun, Guigong and Guiling. (6) According to legend, there are two palaces in the middle of the month, namely Guanghan Palace and Qingxu Palace, so they are called Guanghan Palace and Qingxu Palace.

(7) Because it is said that the moon drives the gods, it is called Wang Shu. It is said that Chang 'e lives in the middle of the month, so the moon is called Chang 'e.

(9) Because people often compare beautiful women to the moon, they call the moon Chanjuan. China is now short for People's Republic of China (PRC).

But it is a polysemous word in ancient literature. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is often used to refer to the Central Plains.

For example, Mencius' "Qi Huan Jinwen Poetry": "Go to China and care for the four foreigners." Sima Guang Battle of Red Cliffs: "If we can compete with China with the people of wuyue, it is better to give up early."

"Drive China scholars to travel far and wide." In ancient China, the Huaxia people lived in the Yellow River valley, so they were called "Huaxia", and later they were often used to refer to the Central Plains.

For example, The History of the Three Kingdoms: "Its land is connected to China in the east and the western regions in the west." Today, it has become another name for China.

According to Kyushu legend, China was divided into nine administrative regions in ancient times. These countries are named Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang and Yong. Later, it became another name for China.

Lu You said in a poem: "Only when you die will you know that everything is empty, but you will see the sadness of Kyushu." "On Qin" "Eight States are in the same column", Qin lives in Yongzhou and adds eight States, that is, Kyushu.

The Central Plains is also called Middle Earth and Zhongzhou. The Central Plains in a narrow sense refers to the present Henan Province, and the Central Plains in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River or the whole Yellow River basin.

For example, the "model": "When the award leads to the three armies, it will be set in the Central Plains in the North." Lu You's poem "Shizi" says: "Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Naiweng."

Refers to the whole Yellow River basin. In ancient times, it was said that China was surrounded by the sea, so it was called inland.

Ren Zhou Shu of Du Shaofu, Wang Bo: "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, as long as heaven is our neighbor." Sima Guang Battle of Red Cliffs: "There was chaos at sea, and the general set out for Jiangdong."

See Within the Four Seas. It refers to the world and the whole country.

For example, Jia Yi's On Qin "has the meaning of sweeping the world, including the whole world." "Battle of Red Cliffs": "Then Jingzhou was broken, and it was a great shock to the world."

"Epang Palace Fu": "Six kings finish, four seas-"Five-person tomb tablet: "How many people are there in the world?" Liuhe Sifang refers to the world in general.

For example, "After Qin Dynasty, I became a Liuhe" and "Then I took Liuhe as my home and dice letter as my palace". Li Bai's "Antique" poem: "Qin Wang sweeps Liuhe, look at it!" Far away places in all directions are still called "the world".

"On Qin": "It contains the meaning of the four seas and swallows the heart of the eight wastes." Liang Qichao's Young China said: "Although there are ages, there are eight great famines."

Many articles on ancient rivers specifically mention the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. For example, "The Hongmen Banquet": "Generals fight against Henan and ministers fight against Hebei."

"On Qin": "Then we will strengthen the city, because the river is a pool." "The Battle of Dishes": "The father of Chu Yang, a minister, chased it and became a river."

Another example is Ode to Sisters, in which "Jiang" refers to the Yangtze River and "He" refers to the canal. Jiangzuo is Jiangdong.

The ancients Zuo Dong right west. "Heroes will be recruited by Jiang Gan": "That is, the order is to call Jiang Zuoying Jie to pick up his children."

The river is south of the Yangtze River. Battle of Red Cliffs: "Jiang is a hero, and salt is attached to it."

Jiangnan is the general name of the area south of the Yangtze River, and the areas referred to vary from time to time. Bai Juyi said: "Jiangnan is good, and the scenery has been cooked."

Wang Anshi's poem says, "Spring breeze is green in Jiang Nanan. When will the bright moon shine on me? " Huaizuo, east of Huaishui.

"Yangzhou Slow" "Huai Zuo Du Ming, Zhu Xi Jia Chu", Yangzhou is in the east of Huai River. Shandong, as its name implies, is to the east of the mountain.

However, it should be noted that because the "mountain" of "Shandong" can refer to several different mountains such as Lushan, Huashan, Taihang Mountain and Taishan Mountain, the areas referred to are not the same. The following is the standard "Shandong" of Lushan Mountain.

For example, Hanshu once mentioned that "Shandong produces a map and Shanxi produces a general". Hongmen Banquet: "When Pei Gong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for money."

"On Qin": "Shandong Haojun rises together and Qin family dies." The ancient Kanto refers to the area east of Hanguguan or Tongguan, and the modern refers to the northeast area east of Shanhaiguan.

Cao Cao's "Hao Li Xing": "There are righteous men in Kanto, fighting for the heroes." Refers to the area east of Tongguan.

Kansai refers to the area west of Hanguguan or Tongguan. Battle of Red Cliffs: "Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is the future trouble of Cao Cao."

Guanzhong refers to different areas, and the ancients used to call the area west of Hangu Pass Guanzhong. "The Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong wants to be the king of Guanzhong and make Zi Ying the phase."

"On Qin": "The heart of the first emperor thought it was fixed in Guanzhong." In ancient times, the western regions were called Xinjiang and its western regions.

Yandang Mountain: "According to western books, Arhat Norodom lived on the back of Furong Peak in Yandang Mountain in the southeast of Sinian." Shuomo refers to the desert in the north, or "Shuowang" for short, refers to the north.

Herb picking: "Mastering ink is peach, plum and Xia Rong." "Mulan Poetry": "The new moon spreads gold, and the cold light shines iron clothes."

The new moon refers to the wind in the north. Lin's Fengxueshan Temple "returning to the north wind" refers to the north wind.

Baiyue is also known as Baiyue and Zhu Yue. In ancient times, Yue people lived in all parts of Guangdong, collectively known as Baiyue.

In ancient Chinese, it often refers to the southern region. On Qin dynasty, "take the land of Baiyue in the south", "collect herbs" and "all say peach, plum and winter fruit".

The floorboard of the five famous mountains in Wuyue, namely Mount Taishan in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue, Songshan in Zhongyue, Hengshan in Beiyue and Hengshan in Nanyue. Climbing Mount Tianmu in my dream: "Climbing to the top of the Five Mountains, the shadow runs through China."

The capital of gyeonggi province and its surrounding areas. Zuo anecdote: "Zuo Xiangzu, a public school in Gyeonggi."

In the Western Han Dynasty, Sanfu initially referred to three officials in charge of the Gyeonggi area, and later referred to the areas under the jurisdiction of these three officials. "Zhang Hengchuan": "Hengshan Mountain belongs to the literature and swims in the third auxiliary."

"Remember Zhong Wang's Su Gong Ao:" A man and a woman married the wife of an official in Kyrgyzstan. " After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was referred to as "auxiliary" for short.

Sanqin refers to the Guanzhong area west of Tongguan. After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu once named this place Qin Jun.

3. Common sense of ancient culture

3. Modesty and respect

Steal: settle, settle.

Boldly: Offensively and boldly.

Meng: Thank you.

Please allow me, please let me.

Driving for nothing: Thanks for your help.

Grant: It means that the other party has given benefits.

Imperial examination officials

After the provincial examination (the applicant's name is "Juren" and the name is "Xie Yuan")

Examination (the candidate's name is "Gong Sheng" and the name is "Hui Yuan")

Court examination (the examinee is named "Jinshi", the first one is named "No.1 scholar", the second one is named "No.1 scholar" and the third one is named "Exploring Flowers".

Worship: to grant an official position.

Except: old posts are deleted from new posts.

Out: as.

Promotion: promotion of official position.

Transfer: transfer official position for promotion.

G: abolish official positions.

Strike: recall and suspension.

Exemption: Exemption from official position.

Destroy: depose, demote.

Chen: Demoted and transferred far away.

Decision: removal from office.

Remove or depose.

Retirement: (1) Revocation or demotion of official position; (2) Resign yourself.

Reject: screen out.

Go: leave your post and be transferred.

Move to the left: reduce official transfer.

"Promotion and selection.

Grant: seal of official position.

What are nine nobles and three publics?

Both Qinghe Palace are official names. According to historical records, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, both the Zhou Dynasty and the governors had ministers, which were divided into upper, middle and lower levels. During the Warring States period, many countries used it. Shang Qing was the highest official position at that time.

The theory of "Jiuqing" began in Qin and Han Dynasties, and refers to nine official positions: Taichang, Guangluxun, Wei, Tingwei, Taifu, Dahonglu, Zong Zheng, Dasinong and Shaofu.

Specifically, Tai Chang is responsible for the sacrificial ceremony and etiquette of the ancestral temple; Guang Luxun is in charge of the guards and guards of the imperial court; Wei Wei is responsible for guarding the palace gate; The courtiers were in charge of the emperor's chariots and horses; Ting Wei is the highest judicial official, in charge of prisons and trial of cases. Dahonglu, also known as Dianke or Dahongling, is responsible for foreign affairs and ethnic affairs; Zong Zheng is responsible for the management of royal and clan affairs; Dasinong, also known as the internal history of millet management or agricultural order, is in charge of grain, goods, taxes, taxes, finance and so on. Shaofu is in charge of the tax revenue of Shanhai pond and supports the emperor. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was a young lady under the Qing Dynasty, which was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty.

The theory of "three publics" also began very early. Sima, Situ and Xi 'an were the three publics in the Zhou Dynasty, and the Prime Minister (Da Situ), Qiu (Da Sima) and Tai Yi (Da) were the three publics in the Western Han Dynasty. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, the names had changed, referring to Qiu, Situ and Sima respectively. The three fairs, also known as the "three divisions", are responsible for both military and political affairs.

4. Place names with common cultural knowledge

(1) Liuhe: refers to the four sides of heaven and earth, namely (heaven) (earth) (east) (south) (west) (north).

(2) Eight famines; Eight is (east) (west) (south) (north) (northeast) (southwest) (northwest) (southeast) eight directions, eight useless fingers (world).

(3) Kyushu: The ancient world was divided into Kyushu, namely Yanzhou, Jizhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yuzhou, (Yangzhou), (Liangzhou), (Jingzhou) and (Yongzhou).

(4) Jiangdong: Because the Yangtze River flows in the northeast of Anhui Province, the east, west, left and right are determined based on this section of the river. The areas referred to are different in size, which can refer to Nanjing area or the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River below Wuhu in Anhui Province, that is, parts of southern Jiangsu, central Zhejiang and southern Anhui are called Jiangdong. "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "I crossed the river with eight cadres of Jiangdong children to advance westward. Today, no one has returned, and my brothers and sisters in Jiangdong have pity on me. How can I see it! " Li Qingzhao said in a poem: "I miss Xiang Yu so far and refuse to cross Jiangdong." Battle of Red Cliffs: "I am also a father and brother, leaving Jiangdong." The ancients left east and west right, so Jiangdong was also called Jiangzuo, and now Jiangxi Province is called Jiangyou.

(5) Jiangnan: The original meaning is Jiangnan. "Jiang" means great river in Chinese, that is, the Yangtze River. Therefore, geographically speaking, "Jiangnan" generally refers to "south of the Yangtze River".

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, Qin and Han Dynasties, it generally refers to southern Hubei, including Hunan and Jiangxi.

Modern refers to southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang. In addition, there were ten Zhenguan roads in the Tang Dynasty, including Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, the southeast of Danyang, Jiangsu, and Jiangnan, Anhui.

Jiangnan mentioned in the poem refers to the area beautified by literati. Mainly centered on Suzhou and Hangzhou, the Taihu Lake basin in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is Jiangnan.

The cultural definition of Jiangnan is not limited to the north and south of the Yangtze River, but refers to a kind of water culture centered on Taihu Lake culture in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, including Yangzhou culture, Huizhou culture and Jinling culture.

Speaking of Jiangnan, people will naturally think of Suzhou, Xichang, Hangjiahu and Shaoxing in Mingzhou. In ancient times, it was called the six great houses in the south of the Yangtze River (Suzhou, Changzhou, Huzhou, Hangzhou, Songjiang and Jiaxing).

(6) Jianghu: ① (in the old days, it could be seen everywhere) ② refers to people wandering around, selling arts and medicines, and also refers to the occupations engaged by such people.

(7) Rivers: rivers refer to the Yangtze River and rivers refer to the Yellow River.

(8) Central Plains: historically, it refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, including parts of central and northern Henan Province, southern Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Shandong Province. It is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the cradle of the Chinese nation. Some scholars believe that the Central Plains originally refers to the south of Shanxi, because historical records show that Pingyang, Du Yao (now Linfen), Puban, Shundu (now Yongji) and Duyu Anyi (this summer county) are all in the south of Shanxi. Later, the scope of the Central Plains gradually expanded, generally referring to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, or the entire Yellow River basin.

(9) Fill in the name of the mountain

Dongyue: Mount Tai

Xiyue: Huashan Mountain

Nanyue: Hengshan Mountain

Beiyue: Hengshan Mountain

Zhongyue: Songshan Mountain

5. Place names with common cultural knowledge

(1) Liuhe: refers to the four sides of heaven and earth, namely (heaven) (earth) (east) (south) (west) (north).

(2) Eight famines; Eight is (east) (west) (south) (north) (northeast) (southwest) (northwest) (southeast) eight directions, eight useless fingers (world). (3) Kyushu: The ancient world was divided into Kyushu, namely Yanzhou, Jizhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yuzhou, (Yangzhou), (Liangzhou), (Jingzhou) and (Yongzhou).

(4) Jiangdong: Because the Yangtze River flows in the northeast of Anhui Province, the east, west, left and right are determined based on this section of the river. The areas referred to are different in size, which can refer to Nanjing area or the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River below Wuhu in Anhui Province, that is, parts of southern Jiangsu, central Zhejiang and southern Anhui are called Jiangdong.

"Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "I crossed the river with eight cadres of Jiangdong children to advance westward. Today, no one has returned, and my brothers and sisters in Jiangdong have pity on me. How can I see it! " Li Qingzhao said in a poem: "I miss Xiang Yu so far and refuse to cross Jiangdong." Battle of Red Cliffs: "I am also a father and brother, leaving Jiangdong."

The ancients left east and west right, so Jiangdong was also called Jiangzuo, and now Jiangxi Province is called Jiangyou. (5) Jiangnan: The original meaning is Jiangnan.

"Jiang" means great river in Chinese, that is, the Yangtze River. Therefore, geographically speaking, "Jiangnan" generally refers to "south of the Yangtze River".

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, Qin and Han Dynasties, it generally refers to southern Hubei, including Hunan and Jiangxi. Modern refers to southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang.

In addition, there were ten Zhenguan roads in the Tang Dynasty, including Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, the southeast of Danyang, Jiangsu, and Jiangnan, Anhui. Jiangnan mentioned in the poem refers to the area beautified by literati.

Mainly centered on Suzhou and Hangzhou, the Taihu Lake basin in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is Jiangnan. The cultural definition of Jiangnan is not limited to the north and south of the Yangtze River, but refers to a kind of water culture centered on Taihu Lake culture in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, including Yangzhou culture, Huizhou culture and Jinling culture.

Speaking of Jiangnan, people will naturally think of Suzhou, Xichang, Hangjiahu and Shaoxing in Mingzhou. In ancient times, it was called the six great houses in the south of the Yangtze River (Suzhou, Changzhou, Huzhou, Hangzhou, Songjiang and Jiaxing). (6) Jianghu: ① (in the old days, it could be seen everywhere) ② refers to people wandering around, selling arts and medicines, and also refers to the occupations engaged by such people.

(7) Rivers: rivers refer to the Yangtze River and rivers refer to the Yellow River. (8) Central Plains: historically, it refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, including parts of central and northern Henan Province, southern Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Shandong Province. It is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the cradle of the Chinese nation.

Some scholars believe that the Central Plains originally refers to the south of Shanxi, because historical records show that Pingyang, Du Yao (now Linfen), Puban, Shundu (now Yongji) and Duyu Anyi (this summer county) are all in the south of Shanxi. Later, the scope of the Central Plains gradually expanded, generally referring to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, or the entire Yellow River basin.

(9) Fill in the mountain name Dongyue: Taishan Xiyue: Huashan Nanyue: Hengshan Beiyue: Hengshan Zhongyue: Songshan.

6. China ancient culture common sense test questions and answers.

China ancient culture common sense examination questions

1. Du Fu is called, Zuo Guangdou is called Zuo Gong, and Lu You is called.

2. "Modesty and respect for others" is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. The ancients called others' fathers as a tribute to their own fathers, and so on. When addressing mother, modest words include my mother and so on.

3. In ancient times, men had 20 lines of ""and women had 15 lines of ""to indicate adulthood, and then they could take "".

4. "The reunion of flowers and seven years;" The ancient and the rare celebrate each other, and there is also the Spring and Autumn Festival. "This is a birthday couplet written for an old man.

In ancient times, brothers were ranked by "". ""indicates the maximum value, ""indicates the minimum value.

6. In ancient China, addressing people had some special symbols, such as "cong".

Relationship, "first" means.

7. There were three chronologies in ancient China:,,. Use of "Xi Chun Shen Bing to Japan".

In ancient China, the first day of the lunar calendar was called "",the fifteenth day was called ""and the last day was called "".

9. The ancients said that "Mao" is equivalent to the present morning.

Time.

10. The four solar terms before Tomb-Sweeping Day are,, and.

1 1. 1998 is the wuyin year of the lunar calendar, which is traditionally the animal year of the tiger people. According to this calculation, 2000 is the lunar year, which is the birth year of human beings.

12. The ancients divided it from dusk to dawn the next day. Among them, "the third watch" is roughly equivalent to the time when the earth is in existence, which is now.

At that time.

13. China's ancient thinkers used "five elements" to refer to,, and five substances.

14. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, China implemented the system of "three provinces and six departments". "Six Departments" refers to: ministries, ministries, ministries and heads of ministries. Among the "six departments", those responsible for the appointment, removal, assessment and promotion of officials are.

15. In ancient times, officials were called officials, and officials were degraded.

16. The governor of Han Dynasty said that the governor of Sui and Tang Dynasties said that the governor of Song Dynasty said that the governor of Ming Dynasty said that.

17. China was divided into Kyushu in ancient times, with Zhangzhou as the head of Kyushu. ""is the abbreviation of Hebei Province today.

18. Write the names of "Five Mountains" in the order of East, West, South, North and China:,,,.

19. In the sentence "There are mountains under the sun during the day, and there are no guests who don't think about home during the Qingming period", "daytime" refers to:

20. Luoyang, Henan is located in Luohe, Hanyang, Hubei is located in Hanshui, and Huayin, Shaanxi is located in the north.

2 1. The "three religions" in the idiom "three religions and nine streams" are,,.

22. Legendary and mythical figures who opened the world, refined stones to fill the sky and filled the sea with stones are:,,.

23. In the ancient etiquette of China, the four seats at a banquet were the most respected, followed by the lowest.

24. In ancient China, there was a saying of "six characters", meaning ",,,".

25. In ancient times, there was a saying that "seven policies and four treasuries are the books of emperors", and the "four treasuries" in the sentence refers to,,,.

26. Most ancient festivals were accompanied by some folk activities, such as Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival.

27. The four tastes of literati in the old days were,,,.

28. "Three Friends in Cold Year" refers to,,.

29. The pentatonic scale in ancient China was arranged from low to high, followed by,,,,.

30. "Being filial is filial, and being filial is filial." "Filial piety" means doing good, and "mourning" means doing good.

3 1. The top ten ancient China songs are:,,,

、、、、、、

Reference answer of ancient cultural common sense test

1. Official posthumous title 2. Your father's kindness 3. Crown gift 4. 14 1 5. Uncle Zhong Boji.

Gilbert 6. Relatives in the church have passed away. The year of governors is recorded in 2008, and the year of emperors is recorded in 2008.

The year method, year number and year number are used together to record the year. 8. Looking at the new moon, 9. May 7 10. The rain stung beginning of spring.

Spring breeze 1 1. Geng 12. The night before last, Wuzi 1 1, and the next morning 13. Jin Mu

Water, fire and soil 14. Li Hu Libing Industry and Commerce Li Shubu 15.

16. satrap secretariat magistrate 17. Ji Ji 18. Mount Taishan Huashan Hengshan Songshan

19. Nanjing 20. Huabei Huashan 2 1. Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 22. Pangu nuwa jingwei 23.

Sit west facing east, sit north facing south, sit south facing north, sit east facing west. 24. Hieroglyphs refer to things that convey meaning and sound.

Under the guise of being 25 years old. Classic collection, 26. Watching lanterns, going to the grave, climbing chrysanthemums, 27. Chess, calligraphy and painting, 28. loose

Zhumei 29. Gong Shangjiao JUNG WOO 30. Parents and brothers 3 1. Mountains and rivers, Guangling, Pingsha, Yanmei, Plum Blossom, Three Sides, Ambush on Ten Faces, Sunset, Flute, Drum, Fishing, firewood, Q&A, Hu Qie, Eighteen Beats of the Han Palace, Autumn Moon, Spring and Snow.

7. Fill in the blanks with cultural knowledge

(1). Eight Barrens: East, West, South, North, Northeast, Southwest, Northwest and Southeast.

Liuhe: East, West, South and North.

Liuhe Eight Wastes generally refers to between heaven and earth, within the four seas.

(2) After having obtained the provincial examination, the first place was Xie Yuan, and the first place was Hui Yuan.

(3) Failure list

(4). A man and a man.

Self-proclaimed: I, Xiaoshengdi self-proclaimed: lonely, me, me.

Called Emperor Wang Wei: Your Majesty, my emperor, the emperor called the vassal: Your Majesty, King xx called the Crown Prince: Your Highness, the prince.

Call the general: (sex) The general calls the other mother: your mother; Dad: Your dad;

Ancient children tied their hair into two knots on the top of their heads and tied it into a bun, which looked like an angle, so they also used "total angle" to refer to people's early childhood. Borrowed from childhood.

Bundle hair: refers to teenagers

(5) 1. country

2. Nobles, ministers or other people with status are called their official positions or masters; To show respect and remembrance.

3. Sudden nod: an ancient ritual ceremony, one of the "Nine Worship". Commonly known as kowtow

4. Be more vigilant-in ancient times, night time was regarded as one watch, sea time as two watches, child time as three watches, ugly time as four watches, and cloudy time as five watches.

In the first half of the night, 1 1 to 1 is "Zi Shi", in the second half of the night, 1 to 3 is "Ugly Shi", in the second half of the night, 3 to 5 is "Yin Shi", 5 to 7 is "Shi Mao" and 7 to 9 is "Chen Shi". Noon 1 to 3 o'clock is inappropriate; Night, untimely; And from 9: 00 to 1 1 is Shihai.

8. Common sense of ancient literature and culture in junior high school

China Ancient Literature Common Sense Collection 1. Literature and history classics: Four Books: Analects of Confucius, Mencius, University, the Doctrine of the Mean.

"Five Classics" refers to The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Zhouyi and Chunqiu, which are referred to as "Poems, Books, Rites, Changes and Chunqiu" for short. In fact, there should have been the Six Classics and the Book of Music, which are collectively called "Poetry, Books, Rites, Music, I Ching, Spring and Autumn". "Four Histories": Historical Records, History of Han Dynasty, History of Later Han Dynasty and History of the Three Kingdoms.

"Four Treasures of the Study": a collection of six meanings of classics, history, Confucius and the Book of Songs: style, elegance, ode, fu, comparison and xing. Legends of dynasties: three generations: Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty "Huang San"; one of the legends is "Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong" and "Five Emperors". "Five Mountains": Mount Taishan in Dongyue (now Shandong Province), Mount Huashan in Xiyue (now Shaanxi Province), Mount Hengshan in Nanyue (now Hengyang City, Hunan Province) and Mount Hengshan in Beiyue (located in Hunyuan, Shanxi Province, with the main peak of Tianfengling at an altitude of 2017m), which is known as "the first mountain beyond the Great Wall".

Hengshan Mountain is a famous Taoist holy land and tourist attraction. Now it is the first batch of national key scenic spots, one of the top ten tourist attractions in Shanxi Province) and Zhongyue Songshan (now the northwest of Dengfeng City, Henan Province).

"Kyushu": The legendary administrative division of China in ancient times, which later became another name of China. Generally speaking, "Kyushu" refers to China.

For example, Kyushu is furious, and thousands of troops are sad. (Qing Gong Zizhen's "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems") In the sea: According to ancient legends, China's territory is surrounded by the sea, so it is called the sea within the territory.

Four seas: refers to the world and the whole country. Rivers: Ancient articles specifically refer to "Yangtze River and Yellow River".

Three Kingdoms: It refers to Wei, Shu and Wu after the Eastern Han Dynasty. Sanqin: refers to the Guanzhong area west of Tongguan.

Landscape yin and yang: in ancient times, the south of the mountain was Yang, and the north of the mountain was Yang. 4. Others: 1. Five elements: refers to gold, wood, water, fire and earth. 2. Grains: the general term for ancient food crops.

(Jiì, millet, wheat, glutinous rice, rice) 3. Five flavors: sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty. Six kinds of domestic animals: horses, cows, sheep, pigs (tapirs) and dogs (dogs). Xie Yuan (first place after having obtained the provincial examination), Hui Yuan (first place after having obtained the provincial examination) and the top scholar (first place in palace examination).

1 1. Three old people: ancient township officials in charge of education. 12. And: it refers to the selection in the imperial examination. Failing the examination is called the first and second place.

13. Imperial Examination: The official imperial examination is divided into three grades: after the provincial examination, after the provincial examination, and after palace examination. The rural examination (also known as Qiu Wei or Daibi) is held once every three years in the province, and only scholars are eligible to take the examination and serve as jurors.

The first solution. Examination: It will be held in the spring of the second year after the rural examination in Beijing (called Chunwei or Liwei). Those who take the exam must be juren. They are called Gong's in the exam.

The first name is Huiyuan. Palace test: presided over by the emperor, the palace test is eligible to participate, and it is called Jinshi in the exam.

The first is the champion, the second is the second, and the third is the flower exploration. Together, they are called the top three ding.

In the 30th year of Guangxu (1905), the imperial examination system was abolished due to the implementation of school education in various places. 14. Erya: the earliest monograph on the interpretation of Ci in China and the first systematic dictionary of Ci in the world.

15. "* * *" refers to the national style in The Book of Songs, and Li Sao in The Songs of Chu, which is a substitute for common writing. 16. The Book of Songs: It is the earliest poem in China, with a total of 305 poems, which are divided into three categories according to the nature of music: wind, elegance and ode.

17. Wugeng: In ancient China, the night was divided into five periods, and the time was based on drumming, also known as "five drums" or five nights. The first table is 19-2 1, the second table is 2 1-23, the third table is 23- 1, and the fifth table is 3-5.

18. Four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. The first, second and third months are spring, and they are called Meng Chun, Midspring and Ji Chun (Sanchun). Four, five and six are called Xia Meng, midsummer, late summer (three summers), autumn and winter respectively, and so on.

19. Xiu: In ancient times, constellations were called stars. 20. "Three religions and nine streams": "Three religions" refers to Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism; "Nine streams" refer to Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalists, famous artists, Mohists, strategists, miscellaneous scholars and farmers.

It always refers to various schools of religion or academia, and also refers to people from all walks of life in society. "Three religions and nine streams" is often derogatory.

2 1. Everything goes to Sanbaotang: As the saying goes. Even if there is nothing important, I dare not disturb.

"Sambo" is a name of Buddhism, which refers to Buddhism, Buddhism and monks. 22. Country: "She" is the land god and "Ji" is the valley god.

In ancient times, it was customary to regard the country as a symbol of the country. 23. posthumous title: After the minister's death, the court conferred a title on him according to his life story, as a sign of praise and blame for good and evil.

For example, Fan Zhongyan and posthumous title are both writers. Five, the ancient nickname: 1. Mulberry: refers to hometown 2. Female: 3. Beard: refers to man 4. Hongyan: It refers to the letter 5. Country: refers to country 6. History: refers to history.

For example, Wen Tianxiang in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "Crossing the Zero Ocean": No one has died since ancient times, take the heart of Dan and follow the history of Qing Dynasty. 7. Xuanyuan: refers to the motherland.

For example, I sent a message to Han Xing saying that I would recommend Xuanyuan with my blood. -Lu Xun 8. "Three feet": fingering nine. Humble name: ① self-proclaimed: stupid, contemptuous, humble, thief, courtier and servant ② Emperor self-proclaimed: lonely, widowed and desert ③ Scholar self-proclaimed: young, late-born, late-educated ④ Others: junior, young, old, concubine and old (old woman).

Ling, which means beautiful, is used to address each other's relatives. Such as your father (the other's father), your mother (the other's mother), your son (the other's wife), your brother (the other's brother), your son (the other's son) and your lover (the other's daughter); Respect, used to refer to people or things related to each other.

Such as respect (called each other's parents), respect for the public, respect for the monarch and respect for politics (all called each other's father).