Constellation corresponding to type nine personality _ What is the constellation corresponding to type nine personality?

Personality (temperament/personality) classification method set

Classification method of personality highlights (temperament/personality):

Socrates' famous saying has been widely circulated, "Man, know yourself!" Few people can really know themselves, but there are countless people who are obsessed with analyzing their own personality and the personality of others.

Since I entered the society, I have also been interested in psychology and various theories widely circulated in society, but I have never known why. This time, I took the opportunity of studying organizational behavior by MBA to sort out the existing 2 1 kinds of "temperament/personality/personality classification methods and theories".

In many works, "temperament", "character" and "personality" will be clearly distinguished, but this paper will not make a clear distinction between "temperament", "character" and "personality".

First of all, Hippocrates' theory of body fluid classification

This is considered to be the earliest theory of temperament types, which was put forward by the Greek doctor Hippocrates around 500 BC: there are four basic liquids in the human body, namely blood, mucus, black bile and yellow bile, and each dominant body fluid corresponds to a temperament type, namely sanguine and mucinous.

Although the statement about the amount of body fluid in The Theory of Body Fluid was later proved to be unreasonable, it still had a great influence on the temperament and personality theory of later generations. Russian psychologist Pavlov made a new arrangement according to the characteristics of nervous system activity.

Generally speaking, bile (that is, yellow bile is dominant in the body) is excited; Bloody (that is, body fluid is mainly blood), which is active; Mucus (that is, mucus is dominant in the body), quiet; Depression (that is, black bile is dominant in the body) is a type of depression.

Secondly, the four personality theories put forward by Pei Yin.

French psychologists Paine and Li Bo divide people into four personalities according to three personality traits: rationality, emotion and will. They are: rational type, emotional type, will type and mixed type.

Third, Jung's personality theory.

Jung, a Swiss psychologist, divided people's attitudes into introversion and extroversion (some books also mentioned that they are divided into introversion, extroversion and internal and external balance). Psychological energy is introverted and introverted, which is easy to produce inner experience and fantasy. Such people are far away from the outside world, interested in the nature of things and the results of activities, like to be alone and immersed in their own world.

Extroverts' psychological energy points to the outside and tends to objective things. This kind of person likes to socialize, is interested in all kinds of concrete things outside, is good at socializing and has a good popularity.

In addition, Jung put forward four functional types: thinking, emotion, feeling and intuition. Among them, thinking and emotion are complementary, and intuition and feeling are complementary. In life, we often use these four functional types. For example, when we are watching * *, our senses use our senses, vision and hearing to watch movies; Emotion is a tendency to like and dislike things, which determines whether we like this movie or not.

Thinking is the judgment and reasoning of what things are. Looking at * *, we will guess the reasons behind the protagonist's series of behaviors, which can help us better understand the plot. Intuition is a premonition of the change and development of things. According to our intuition and watching movies, we intuitively predict what will happen next.

Fourth, Sprenger's personality classification.

German psychologists Sprenger and Dilthey believe that human social and cultural life can be divided into theoretical, economic, aesthetic, social, power and religious. According to people's different values on these six cultural life forms, personality can be divided into the following six categories.

(1) theoretical person

Such people aim at pursuing truth, can observe things calmly and objectively, care about theoretical problems, and try to evaluate the value of things according to their systems. When you encounter practical problems, you are often at a loss. They lack interest in practicality and practicality. Most theorists and philosophers belong to this type.

(2) Economic man

This kind of people always look at everything from the economic point of view, put economic value first, evaluate the value and essence of people and things according to utilitarianism, and take obtaining property as their life purpose. Most industrialists fall into this category.

(3) Aesthetic person

This kind of people take beauty as the highest meaning in life and don't care much about real life. They always evaluate the value of things from the perspective of beauty. Take self-improvement and self-appreciation as the purpose of life. Artists belong to this type.

(4) Social types of people

Such people value love, have dedication and are interested in improving the welfare of society and others. Charity, health and education workers who strive to serve the society belong to this type.

(5) People with power.

Such people attach importance to power, strive to gain power, have a strong desire to dominate and direct others, and are unwilling to be dominated by others.

(6) Religious people

This kind of people firmly believe in religion, have faith, believe in God, be merciful and be merciful. Theologians who aim at love belong to this type.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Adler's personality type

Adler, an Austrian psychologist, is divided into superior type and inferiority type according to the difference of individual competitiveness.

Superior type: this kind of person feels good about himself, is competitive and unwilling to lag behind. He always wants to surpass others and thinks he is better than others in all aspects.

Inferiority type: this kind of person has a strong sense of inferiority, lacks self-confidence, thinks that he is inferior to others in all aspects, is not aggressive, and is generally introverted.

Sixth, allport's theory of personality traits.

Allport, an American psychologist, believes that trait is a neuropsychological structure, which can act on stimulation and actively guide behavior. Allport divided human characteristics into common characteristics and personal characteristics.

Common characteristics are the characteristics of the same cultural group, which exists in everyone and has fourteen common characteristics, such as dominance-obedience, extroversion-introversion, self-confidence-inferiority, gregarious-loneliness, high theoretical interest-low theoretical interest and so on. Personal characteristics are unique to individuals, representing their personality tendencies and expressing their true characteristics.

Personal characteristics are divided into primary characteristics, important characteristics and secondary characteristics. The first trait is the most important trait of an individual, representing the whole personality, and there is often only one. It occupies a dominant position in the personality structure. For example, some people are sentimental, while others are impulsive and irritable.

An important trait is the composition of personality. Everyone has several important characteristics, which are interrelated and form his unique personality. Although it is not as obvious as the primary characteristics, it is quite general in itself and has a general personality tendency. Such as punctuality, neatness, etc.

Secondary characteristics, as the name implies, secondary characteristics are not the main characteristics that determine personality. It is the least obvious, has the smallest permeability and has little influence on individual behavior. Like food addiction.

Seven, Cartel's personality theory.

Carter, an American psychologist, believes that a person's personality is composed of many characteristics, and because of the different combinations of various characteristics in an individual, it constitutes a unique personality different from others. He divided personal traits into superficial traits and root traits.

Cartel thinks that there are 35 surface features in total, and the analysis of 35 surfaces leads to 16 root features. He also compiled the 16 personality factor test to test people's personality.

Eight, PDP personality test

The full name of PDP is professional dyna-metric programs, which is a system for measuring individual behavior characteristics, vitality, kinetic energy, pressure, energy and energy changes.

PDP divides people into five types according to their innate characteristics, including: dominant, extroverted, patient, precise and integrated; In order to visualize these five types of personality characteristics, according to their respective characteristics, these five types of people are also called "tiger", "peacock", "koala", "owl" and "chameleon" respectively.

Nine, nine personality types

Type-9 personality is a highly respected course for MBA students in internationally renowned universities such as Stanford University in recent years, and it has also become one of the most popular courses at present. Popular in European and American academic and business circles in recent ten years. The management of the world's top 500 companies all learn nine personality types, and train employees, build teams and improve their execution.

As a theory of personality psychology, type 9 personality has not been recognized by mainstream psychologists in current society. However, in recent years, SaraScott, a doctoral student at William and Mary College of the University of Virginia in the United States, made a scientific evaluation of the type 9 personality system in her doctoral thesis, and the results showed that the type 9 personality system was an accurate system.

Dr. aleksandar tomash and Dr. Shi Daila Chase in the United States mentioned it in the book Temperament and Development published in 1977.

We can identify nine different temperaments in the second to third months after birth, namely: activity, regularity, initiative, adaptability, interest range, reaction intensity, psychological quality, distraction, concentration range/persistence.

According to this discovery, people are divided into nine types among the nine personality types, namely 1 perfect type, 2 helping type, 3 achievement type, 4 ego type, 5 rational type, 6 doubt type, 7 positive type, 8 leader type and 9 peace type.

X.FPA personality color

According to the existing network data, the founder of FPA (Four-color Personality Analysis) is Le Jia.

FPA system divides people's personality into red, blue, * * and green. A person's personality is complex, so a person can never be dominated by only one color. The synthesis of four colors is the most complete description of personality, but usually one or two of them are dominant.

XI。 Big five personality theory

The Big Five Factor Model is a new theory emerging gradually in recent years, and it is a trait theory with great influence in contemporary personality psychology.

The Big Five Personality Model puts five general personality traits at the top of the personality traits layer, namely extroversion (extroversion), emotional stability (some books are neurotic), easygoing (agreeableness), sense of responsibility and openness to experience, and each personality trait is composed of various specific traits.

Extroversion: This dimension describes the individual's comfort to the relationship. Extroverts are gregarious, sociable, confident and decisive. Introverts tend to be closed, shy, quiet and quiet.

Agreeableness: This dimension describes the tendency of individuals to obey others. Very easygoing people are cooperative, enthusiastic and trusting; People with low agreeableness are cold, hostile and unpopular.

Responsibility: This dimension is a measure of reliability. People with a high sense of responsibility are responsible, orderly, trustworthy and persistent. People with low scores in this dimension are easily distracted, lack of planning and untrustworthy.

Emotional stability: (usually marked by its opposite-neuroticism)-This dimension describes the individual's ability to withstand pressure. People with high emotional stability are more peaceful, confident and secure; People with low emotional stability are prone to nervousness, anxiety, disappointment and insecurity.

Opennesstoexperience: The last dimension is about personal interest and enthusiasm for novelty. People with high openness are creative, curious and sensitive to art; People with very low openness are very conservative and only feel comfortable and satisfied with familiar things.

Twelve, Eysenck's three-factor personality model (also known as the primary personality theory)

Eisenck, a British psychologist, opposes the abstract definition of personality and thinks that personality is the sum total of the behavior patterns actually displayed by organisms. He put forward three perpendicular dimensions of personality: extroversion-introversion; Neuroticism (emotional); Spiritual quality.

According to the two dimensions of extroversion-introversion and neuroticism, Eysenck divides human personality into four types: stable extroversion; Stable introverted type; Unstable extroversion; Unstable introverted type.

This classification is similar to the body fluid theory mentioned above, and stable extroversion is equivalent to sanguine, lively and cheerful; Steady introversion is equivalent to mucus, gentle and calm; Unstable extroversion is equivalent to being brave, impulsive and aggressive; Unstable introversion is equivalent to depression, quietness and anxiety.

According to this model, Eysenck also compiled the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ, 1986).

Thirteen, Holland's personality-work adaptability theory

Psychologist Holland put forward the theory of personality-job adaptability, which holds that the matching degree between individual personality characteristics and professional environment determines employees' job satisfaction and mobility tendency. He also divided six basic personality types, each with its own working environment.

Holland also compiled a set of career orientation scale, including 160 occupations. On this basis, he proposed a hexagonal model. In hexagon, the closer the angle is, the more compatible it is, but the diagonal is not. Every personality has the best matching occupation.

Fourteen, Gallup talent advantage evaluation

In recent years, I have heard many people talk about an exam, and some people around me are studying. It is a test to obtain test results through a series of test questions, explore people's inherent advantages and help testers discover their talents. Based on long-term research, Gallup divides 34 talents into four dimensions: execution, influence, relationship building and strategic thinking.

15. Krechmir's body and personality

German psychiatrist Kretschmer (E E.). According to my own clinical observation in the 1920s, I found that the type of mental illness committed by the patient was related to his body shape. For example, most people with bipolar disorder are short and fat. Most patients with schizophrenia are thin or strong and stunted.

On this basis, he thinks that there is only a quantitative difference between normal people and mental patients, but there is no qualitative difference. Therefore, we can predict a person's temperament characteristics according to his body shape characteristics, that is, the temperament body shape theory.

Rahmil identified four basic body types: stout, lanky, strong and stunted. Sheldon, an American doctor, inherited and developed Krechmir's theory, put forward three body types: endoderm type, mesoderm type and ectoderm type, and analyzed their relative personality characteristics.

Sixteen, disc personality test

William Moreton meston, an American psychologist, created a theory to explain people's emotional reactions. He put forward the disc evaluation and theoretical explanation in the book "Emotion of Normal People, 1928". He adopted four factors that he thought were typical personality characteristics, namely dominance, influence, stability and obedience.

DISC stands for the initials of these four English words. This theory is similar to the above-mentioned Hippocratic body fluid theory and Eysenck's four categories of personality.

D leadership's personality: firm, overbearing, purposeful, powerful, strong sense of existence, good at grasping the situation with the help of rights, strong sense of time, paying attention to decision-making power, grasping the big and letting go of the small, and making decisions quickly. The daily state is expressionless, busy, irritable, and high-spirited in the face of attacks. There may be more in management and sales.

I social personality: open, dare to love and hate, loud appearance, gorgeous clothes, humorous language, infectious, bringing happiness to people around, creative, imaginative, interesting, unruly, generous with money, many friends and wide connections. There are more positions in marketing and public relations.

S supportive personality: shy, helpful, peaceful, unwilling to conflict, accommodating to others, always silently under pressure, sensitive, considerate of others' feelings, always praising and apologizing, knowing how to support others, usually wearing a low profile, like to do things according to rules, and not good at facing new challenges. Most of them are administrative and human resources roles.

C thinking personality: good at thinking, clear in logic, in-depth analysis, speaking with data, keeping a distance from people, having low social sensitivity and not being able to solve stress peacefully. Usually the appearance is simple and tidy, the work is organized, the pursuit of precision and accuracy, the overall consideration is clear, it is easy to express opinions, and sometimes the details are too entangled. Focus on the scientific research department.

Seventeen, SCMP type four personality

I didn't find the source of SCMP 4 personality, but I saw some information on the Internet. SCMP-4 personality also divides people's personalities into four categories: S (sanguine) is optimistic or lively, P (mucinous) is calm or peaceful, M (melancholia) is melancholy or perfect, and C (choleric) is strong or impatient.

I believe you have also found that this SCMP four-type personality is close to the aforementioned body fluid theory, Eysenck four-type theory, disk theory and personality color theory, which all divide human personality into four categories. There are many similarities between the four types of descriptions of each theory.

Eighteen, blood type personality theory

The blood type was discovered in 1902 by KarlLandsteiner, a pathologist at the University of Vienna, Austria. He found that the reason for the failure of blood transfusion was that some people's serum caused others' red blood cells to agglutinate, but this did not happen in some combinations. Later, he and his students discovered four blood types: A, B, O and AB.

Later, a Japanese named Takeji Furukawa received a degree in philosophy from the University of Tokyo. After graduation, she went to Tokyo Women's Normal College (now Imperial Tea Women's University) as a lecturer. During this period, he investigated 1245 subjects, and published a series of papers entitled "Research on Blood Type and Personality" in the journal Psychological Research on 1927.

197 1 year, a reporter named Li Neng Zhifugu wrote the book Understanding Fate through Blood Type, which once again set off a blood type craze (this book has been printed for more than 200 times and distributed in millions).

It can be seen that he is not from a medical background, his books are more like anecdotes, and his research methods are not scientific enough, so he was criticized by Japanese psychologists. But later, scientists and psychologists studied blood type and personality, so the theory of blood type and personality has been circulating.

Nineteen, constellation personality theory

In recent years, many young people prefer to study the constellation personality theory. The source of this theory is astrology. According to legend, in the field of western astrology, constellations refer to twelve equal regions divided on the ecliptic.

Western astrology believes that astronomical phenomena reflect and dominate human activities according to the principle of "up and down effect", so the twelve constellations represent twelve basic personality types or emotional characteristics. It tries to explain people's character and destiny by birthplace, birth time and celestial position.

In fact, the twelve constellations of the vast universe appeared as early as five thousand years ago. Babylonians made a constellation calendar of four seasons according to the movement of the stars to predict the fate of the country and people. In fact, this method of divination is similar to that of ancient China. It is based on the relationship between the fortune teller and the stars and explains all aspects of his life.

Because ancient humans lived according to the changes of astronomical phenomena, natural disasters were irresistible, which caused the sense of human destiny; And they found that the movement of the sun, moon and stars in the universe affects the rise and fall of everything, even the fate of people.

When everyone is born, every planet in the solar system, regardless of its size, including the sun, the moon, Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus and Pluto, runs at different angles and distances, which has great influence.

Each planet interacts with its corresponding 65,438+02 constellation, which has different influences on people's personality. When these planets run, everyone's behavior and fate will also change.

The twelve constellations are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces. People in each constellation have their own personality characteristics.

Twenty, twelve zodiac personality theory

There is a saying about the character of 12 constellation not only in the west, but also in China. People in China should be familiar with the zodiac. According to the zodiac attribute of each year, everyone will have their own zodiac, namely, mouse, cow, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, chicken, dog and pig. And each animal sign corresponds to its own personality characteristics.

Twenty-one, Maya totem talent theory

The concept of Mayan calendar is that the energy state of each day is represented by a number and a totem, and there are 13 numbers ×20 totems = 260 basic combinations. Through calculation, you can know your personality, and at the same time, after calculating the energy of each day, you can predict the fortune of that day. This seems to be similar to China's "five-element fortune-telling of birthdays".