Common sense of poetry and literature

Poetry is one of the basic literary genres, which originated from religion. There is another form, which comes from labor. The most essential feature of poetry is lyrical beauty. Ci is a new style word that appeared in the Tang Dynasty, also known as tune, long and short sentences and idle poems. It is a song and poem, the abbreviation of Qu Qu and Yuan Qu, and one of the famous literary genres in the history of China literature. Yuanqu is a combination of Yuan Zaju and Sanqu, and people generally think it refers to Yuanqu. In fact, Qu is a generalized opera. The art of traditional Chinese opera occupies a very important position in China literature and even in the whole cultural history of China, and its achievements are no less than poetry, ci and fu. According to the different needs of content expression, the ancients created three types of poetry styles: poetry, ci and qu, and each style has its own merits, which can be described as the same strain and self-perfection. Poetry is the earliest literary style produced by any nation. So is China. Since the Book of Songs, the history of poetry development has been thousands of years, and the form of poetry is difficult to describe. Generally speaking, poetry can be divided into classical poetry with little emphasis on meter and modern poetry with emphasis on meter. There are also classical poems, songs of Chu, Yuefu poems (ancient Yuefu, new Yuefu), folk songs, seven-character ancient poems and five-character ancient poems. Directly reflect the reality and express freely. Modern poetry includes five-character or seven-character metrical poems and five-character or seven-character quatrains. Their general characteristics are conciseness, gracefulness, implication, indirect reflection of reality, rigorous meter, great leap from poem to poem, and quatrains emphasize ethereal charm. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Ci, a new poetic style, began to appear and developed rapidly, keeping pace with poetry. The middle tune is similar to the seven-character modern poetry in scale, which is divided into two parts, but it pays attention to change, seeing implication in simplicity and seeing the whole in separation; Long tune is also called slow character, because the beat is slow and the length is long when singing. Because of its long length and large capacity (The Preface to Birds is the longest, with 256 words), poets can give full play to their talents, narrate and express their feelings, write scenes calmly, pay attention to the turning point and structural changes, and thus tend to be unified. The songs that appeared in the Yuan Dynasty (Yuan Qu is divided into drama, Sanqu and meat) have different flavors. Different styles of poems and songs are just like people's different costumes to meet the needs of different seasons and aesthetics. Recognizing this, we have to admire the wisdom of the ancients in creating different styles of poetry. The ancients have long recognized the difference between the three and discussed it many times. However, some of them are too abstract. For example, Wang Guowei believes that "poetry is vast and long-lasting"; Some of them are too intuitive. For example, Wang Shizhen took Yan Shu's words, "I can't help falling flowers, and I feel familiar with Yan's return" and Tang Xianzu's lyrics, "What a beautiful day, who is happy?" Give an example to illustrate the difference between words and songs; Some of them are too simple, for example, Li Yu thinks that the word "is not like poetry in the world, but not like music in the world, standing in the middle". In fact, the differences between the three are reflected in the theme, artistic conception, style, technique and form.

2. What is the common sense of poetry and literature?

General knowledge of China's ancient poetry literature 1. General knowledge of poetry (1. Classification of ancient poetry) There are several different forms of classical poetry, such as ancient poetry (also known as ancient poetry and ancient style), modern poetry (also known as modern poetry and metrical poetry), ci (also known as poetry, long and short sentences, lyrics and lyrics) and qu.

Classical poetry is an ancient free poem with free form, unlimited length, infinitive (referring to miscellaneous words), no antithesis, free rhyme and so on. There are four-character ancient poems (first appeared in the Book of Songs), five-character ancient poems (matured in the Han Dynasty, such as Nineteen Ancient Poems), seven-character ancient poems (matured in the Tang Dynasty, such as the Song of Eternal Sorrow) and Yuefu poems (some titles have songs, lines, quotations, songs, songs, etc.).

Modern poetry flourished in the Tang Dynasty. In addition to the regular arrangement, it also has the positions of definite sentences, definite words, definite sounds and definite rhymes. It has two types: quatrains and metrical poems. Quatrains are divided into five-character quatrains (five-character quatrains) and seven-character quatrains (seven-character quatrains), and metrical poems are divided into five-character metrical poems (five rhymes), seven-character metrical poems (seven rhymes) and arranged rhymes.

Ci reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. According to the number of words, it can be divided into three forms: Xiao Ling (within 58 words), Zhong Diao (within 59-90 words) and Long Diao (above 9 1 word). The tone of the word is fixed, the sentence is fixed, the word is fixed, and the rhyme is positioned.

Qu Xingsheng was born in Yuan Dynasty, and there are two forms: Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu has two forms: poem (short tune) and divertimento (also called divertimento).

(2) Knowledge of Poetry and Music ① Ancient poetry and modern poetry are divided from the perspective of poetic rhythm. The main difference between them is that modern poetry refers to metrical poetry formed in the early Tang Dynasty, which has strict rules on the number of words, rhyme and antithesis, while classical poetry does not talk about metrical poetry, and poems before the Tang Dynasty are all classical poetry.

(2) Rhyme and quatrains (also called truncated sentences) The difference between rhymes and quatrains is mainly in the number of sentences. There are only four quatrains, which can be typed or not.

There are * * * eight metrical poems, one or two of which are head couplets, three or four are parallel couplets, five or six are neck couplets, and seven or eight are tail couplets. The first couplet and the last couplet can be couplet, but they can't be couplet, and the couplet and the neck couplet must be couplet; No matter whether it is a metrical poem or a quatrain, there are requirements for leveling.

Rhymes of more than eight sentences are excluded. (3) There is no strict difference between songs, lines and quotations of ancient poetry genre.

Generally speaking, syllables and metrical forms are relatively free, including five words, seven words and miscellaneous words, such as "The Hut is Blown by Autumn Wind", "Pipa Line" and "Li Ping Quotations". (4) Yuefu and Xinle Yuefu were originally the official names in charge of music in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and later became poetic names.

Music songs collected and created by Yuefu officials in the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties are called Yuefu for short. Xinle Building was built in the early Tang Dynasty.

In the early Tang Dynasty, poets wrote Yuefu poems, except following the old poems of Yuefu in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, a few poets created new poems, which were different from the original rhyme, so they were called new Yuefu, and the name of the new Yuefu was determined by Bai Juyi. ⑤ The difference between title and epigraph: The title of a word is the embodiment of the content of the word, and epigraph is the title of the word.

Such as "Niannujiao? In Nostalgia at Red Cliff, "Nian Nujiao" is the inscription and "Nostalgia at Red Cliff" is the title, which shows that the word is a lyric and the place is "Red Cliff". A word must have a epigraph, but not necessarily a title.

A word is divided into two sections, the upper section is called "Shangque" (or "Part I") and the lower section is called "Xiaque" (or "Part II") (Que means the end of music). Sanqu Sanqu is a kind of song played in harmony, which rose in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and degenerated from words.

Style is similar to writing but freer than writing, so you can add lines to the number of words. Use spoken English more. Sanqu includes two forms: poems and sets of numbers.

Poetry contains only one tone, and the number of sets is one set of multiple tones in one tone, which is a coherent set of tones in opera or Sanqu. The number of a set of songs is uncertain, ranging from two to more. Each set of numbers takes the name of the first song as the name of the whole set of songs; The whole song must be the same palace tune, with a beginning and an end, and the end rhymes; Use "sand" at the end, and there is no rule on how many times to use it. ⑦ Yuan Zaju is a literary style developed on the basis of Zhu Gong tune in Song, Jin and Jin Dynasties, and it is a traditional opera art form integrating singing, guest singing, dancing and acting.

Generally, each book is 40% off (or 50% off or 60% off) in structure, and a "wedge" is added when necessary. Each fold is composed of several tunes in the same palace tune. Zaju can be divided into two types: Dan Ben (the lead singer of the heroine) and the last Ben (the lead singer of the hero). For example, the yuan is the script, and the third discount is the "Gong Zheng" tune. The script of Yuan Zaju is composed of "Ke", "Singing" and "Bai", in which "Ke" is the regulation of main movements, expressions and stage effects. "Singing" is the lyrics; "White" is the guest white, which can be divided into dialogue (dialogue between characters), monologue (self-narration of characters), narration (self-narration behind other characters) and white dyeing (interruption in lyrics).

The main roles of Yuan Zaju are: Dan (female role), the heroine is called, and the supporting roles are vice Dan, foreign Dan and so on. End (male role), the leading role is called the end, and the supporting role is the deputy end, the outer end and the small end. Outer (outer end), pretending to be an elderly person; Screen name, commonly known as big face, plays more roles with special personality and appearance (such as Zhang Fei and Li Kui JY); Ugliness, commonly known as small face, mostly plays a secondary role in men; Bo er who plays an old woman. Second, China ancient poetry school 1. Landscape pastoral school.

Mainly describes the quiet and carefree natural scenery, through the praise of natural scenery, or reveals the feelings of unwilling to go with the flow, or expresses the negative thoughts of seclusion and seclusion. Its representative writers are Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun in Jin Dynasty and Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in Tang Dynasty.

2. Frontier Poetry School. Taking frontier life and war as the theme.

Representative writers are Gao Shi and Cen Can in Tang Dynasty, as well as Wang Changling, Wang Zhihuan, William Wang and Cui Hao. 3. Free and unfettered.

As a major school of Ci in Song Dynasty, its works are bold, artistic conception is vigorous, and its ci is full of lofty sentiments and ambitions, giving people a positive force. The representative poets are mainly Su Shi and Xin Qiji, and their representative works include Su Shi's Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia and Xin Qiji's Yongyu Le Jing Kougubeiting Nostalgia.

4. Elegant school. As a major school in the Song Dynasty, the language of his works is beautiful and subtle, and the feelings expressed in the words are tactfully lingering, or have a relaxed and lively artistic conception, or deep bitterness. The subject matter is narrow, mostly based on personal experience, love between men and women and landscape scenery.

The representative poets are Liu Yong, Qin Guan, Li Qingzhao and Jiang Kui. Third, ancient China.

3. What are the common literary common sense of poetry?

1. The first female poet was Cai Yan (Wen Xi).

The first poetess was Li Qingzhao.

3. The first dictionary is Erya.

The first encyclopedia was Yongle Dadian.

5. The first book of poetry is The Book of Songs.

6. The first anthology: Zhao Ming Anthology

7. The first dictionary: Explain Chinese characters by explaining them.

8. The first collection of myths: Shan Hai Jing

9. China's first collection of classical novels: Shi Shuo Xin Yu

10. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese, Search for Ji Shen.

1 1. The first bibliography: The Analects of Confucius

The First Biography: Historical Records

12. The first chronicle book is: Spring and Autumn Period.

13. The first dynastic history: Hanshu

14. The first art book: The Art of War by Sun Tzu

15. Part II Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru

16. Yuefu Shuangbi: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, and chanting is the three wonders of Yuefu.

17. A mirror of historical records.

18. Erpai: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu)

19. Da Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu

20. Gemini in China's modern literary world: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo.

2 1. Three Immortals: Lide made meritorious service.

22. Three generations: Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

23. Three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan.

24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Duke of Shang Tang.

25. Sanshan: Yingzhou, the abbot of Penglai.

26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism

27. Sangong: During the week, Sima Situpu was ordinary.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Qiu was a doctor.

Qingming, Taishi, Taifu Taibao

28. Three Caos: Cao Cao and Cao Pizhi

29. Three elements of public security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao.

30. Sangu Building in Jiangnan: Yueyang Building in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang.

3 1. Three friends in the cold year: Songzhumei

32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng and Jing.

33. Three elements of scientific research: first after having obtained the provincial examination, first after taking the exam, first in palace examination, and first in the school (Huiyuan, champion).

34. the palace exam is three-fixed: the champion first explores flowers.

35. The three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Chinese Medicine and Chinese Painting.

36. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening the world (Feng Menglong)

37. Confucian Classic Three Rites: The Book of Rites of Zhou Li and Yi Li.

38. Three officials: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan and Tongguan official.

39. Three Farewells: Don't get old and homeless when you get married.

40. Guo Moruo's "Goddess" trilogy-the rebirth of Guo Xiang Tang Di's "Flower of the Goddess"

4 1. Mao Dun's "Erosion" Trilogy: The Pursuit of Disillusionment and Shake

Rural trilogy: Spring Silkworm Harvest in Autumn and Remaining Winter

42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of "Love": Fog, Rain and Electricity

Riptide trilogy: Spring and Autumn Homeland

43. The first national history: Mandarin

44. The first album recording the words and deeds of counselors and military strategists: National Policy and Warring States Policy.

45. The first historical prose with the theme of personal words and deeds: Yan Zi Chun Qiu.

46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan

47. The first narrative poem: Peacock Flying Southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words).

48. The first monograph on literary criticism-"Dian Lun Paper" (Cao Pi)

49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming

50. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Liu Xie, a native of A Liang, wrote his first monograph on literary theory and criticism, Wen Xin Diao Long.

5 1. The first monograph on poetry theory and criticism & Zhong Rong's Poems, born in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

4. Common sense of poetry and literature

Poetry is a literary genre with emotion as the main body. It reflects social life in a lyrical way, is highly concise and concentrated, and expresses thoughts and feelings in the form of rich imagination, rhythmic language and line arrangement.

Poetry is a rhythmic, rhythmic and colorful language art form, and it is also the oldest and most basic literary form in the world. Poetry originated from ancient social life and became a rhythmic and colorful language form because of labor production, sex and primitive religion.

"Shangshu Yu Shu": "Poetry expresses ambition, song expresses Tao, sound is eternal, law and harmony." "Rites and Music": "Poetry expresses ambition; Song, chanting its voice; Dance, move its capacity; The three are based on the heart, and then the instrument follows it. "

In the early days, poetry, song, music and dance were integrated. Poetry is the lyrics, which are always sung with music and dance in actual performances. Later, poetry, song, music and dance developed independently and became independent adults. Poems and songs are collectively called poems.

5. Common sense of literature

Broadly speaking, it refers to various issues covering culture.

Including writers, years, works, geographical and historical allusions and stories in literature, as well as literary habits familiar to ordinary people. General knowledge of literature: 1. The literature from ancient China to Qin Shihuang's unification of China (22 BC1year) is called pre-Qin literature.

Myth existed before the invention of writing. Myth is full of rich imagination and is the source of China's romantic literature.

3. The most popular myths in China are "Goddess of mending the sky", "Houyi shooting at the sun", "Jingwei filling the sea" and "Goddess of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon". 4. Shangshu is the earliest collection of historical documents in China, and it is said that it was edited by Confucius.

5. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, including 305 pieces of music from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. 6. The Songs of Chu was compiled by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, which included the poems of Qu Yuan and Song Yu. Because of its Chu voice, it is called Chu Ci, which has a far-reaching influence on later literary creation.

7. Qu Yuan is a great patriotic poet in China. Li Sao is Qu Yuan's masterpiece and the only long lyric prose. 8. "The road to Xiu Yuan is long and the road to Xiu Yuan is long, and I will go up and down to find it" is a famous sentence in Qu Yuan's Lisao.

9. Pre-Qin prose refers to the prose in the pre-Qin period, which is divided into historical prose and various schools of thought prose. Zuo Zhuan and Warring States Policy are the representatives of historical prose in the pre-Qin period.

The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Mozi and Zhuangzi are the representatives of pre-Qin hundred schools of thought. 10, Zuo Zhuan is China's first narrative historical work, which has made great achievements in history, literature and language.

1 1. The Analects of Confucius is a documentary collection of essays, which recorded the words and deeds of Confucius and his students and was written by Confucius' students. This Confucian classic has a great influence on China culture.

12, "Isn't it a pleasure to have friends from afar?" (It's a great pleasure to have friends from afar) "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you" (don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you), which is a famous saying in The Analects of Confucius. 13, Han Fu is a new literary form in Han Dynasty.

This is a poetic essay. Jia Yi was an outstanding politician and writer in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty.

His most famous essay is on Qin, a political essay. 15, Sima Xiangru was an outstanding writer of Ci and Fu in the Western Han Dynasty, with Zi Xufu and Shanglin Fu as his representative works.

16, Historical Records is a historical book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian in the Western Han Dynasty, and also a model of biographical literature. 17, Yuefu folk songs in the Han Dynasty played an important role in the history of China's poetry development.

Yuefu originally refers to the musical organ established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Later, people called the poems collected, sorted out and preserved by Yuefu organs Yuefu poems. 18 Peacock Flying Southeast is an outstanding long narrative poem in ancient China, which tells the love tragedy of a young man and woman, and is the peak of the development of narrative poems in Han Yuefu.

19, Nineteen Ancient Poems is a group of anonymous short poems in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which is the development of Yuefu folk songs and marks the mature stage of five-character poetry skills. 20. During the Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty, a group of poems inherited the realistic spirit of folk songs in Han Yuefu and had a unique style of "generosity and sadness", which was called "Jian 'an style".

2 1. The representative writers of Jian 'an literature are Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, collectively known as "Three Caos". 22. "An old horse crouches in a tiger, with a thousand miles of ambition, a martyr is courageous in his twilight years" is a famous sentence in Cao Cao's "Although a turtle lives long", which shows the heroic mind of being old and strong.

23. Cai Yan, Wen Xi, Jian 'an poetess. Her five-word poems of grief and indignation show the sufferings brought to the people by the political turmoil in the late Han Dynasty.

24. Ruan Ji was the writer with the highest literary achievement in Zhengshi period, with 82 five-character poems, collectively referred to as "Huaishi". 25. Tao Yuanming was a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 3 17 420).

His poems are called "pastoral poets" because of their idyllic quiet life scenes. 26. The Peach Blossom Garden written by Tao Yuanming in his later period marks that his thoughts and art have reached a new height, and the poet put forward the social ideal of "Xanadu" here.

27. The lyric poem "Song of the Western Zhou Dynasty" represents the highest achievement of folk songs in the Southern Dynasty (420-589 AD). 28. "The sky is grey, the wild is boundless, the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low" is a poem in the northern folk song "Song of Chile", which describes the scenery of the northern prairie.

29. Mulan Poetry is an outstanding masterpiece of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties, which describes the touching story of the heroine Hua Mulan joining the army instead of her father. 30. Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, was the pioneer of the school of landscape poetry.

3 1, Gan Bao's quest for the gods is the representative of strange novels in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. 32. Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a short essay written by Liu Yiqing, which records the words and deeds and interesting stories of some characters in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It is vivid and concise.

33. Wen Xin Diao Long is a literary criticism work, which has a great influence on later literary criticism. 34. Zhong Rong's Shi Pin is a work of poetry criticism, which has a great influence on later poetry criticism.

35. Poetry, prose and novels were very developed in the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907), especially in the Tang Dynasty. There were many great poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and so on.

37. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, writers of the Tang Dynasty, launched the ancient prose movement. 38. The development of Tang poetry can be roughly divided into four stages: early Tang, prosperous Tang, middle Tang and late Tang.

39. There are more than 50,000 Tang poems that have been handed down today, which is two or three times the sum of previous poems. 40. Poetry in the Tang Dynasty can be divided into ancient poetry and modern poetry.

There is no limit to the number of archaic sentences, and the level of each sentence is more free. There are two kinds of near-forms: metrical poems and quatrains.

The rhythm is rigorous, each song consists of four parts and eight sentences, and the middle should be reversed. There are rules for metrical poems and quatrains.

There are five words and seven words in ancient poetry and modern poetry. 4 1. The four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty were Lu, Luo, Luo, Yang Jiong.

42. Wang Bo wrote the famous Preface to Wang Teng-ting, one of the most famous words is "The sunset is lonely in Qi Fei, and the autumn waters are * * * and the sky is one color". 43. At the age of seven, Luo wrote the famous poem Ode to Goose: "Goose, Goose, Goose, Xiang Tiange has a crooked neck.

White feathers, floating in green water; The red soles of the feet stir the clear water. 44. Chen Ziang was a famous poet after the four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty. He opposed the beautiful style of the Six Dynasties and advocated the elegant poetic style.

45. The famous pastoral poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Meng Haoran and Wang Wei. Their poems show the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland and the natural simplicity of the countryside.

6. Literary knowledge of poetry

China ancient poetry culture originated from sacrificial ceremonies, sprouted from folk songs and flourished in chanting records. Unfortunately, the earliest extant collection of poems is The Book of Songs. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, it evolved into a Sao style, simple and profound, which is a unique branch of pre-Qin poetry culture. With the death of Qin and Han, Yuefu flourished and the poetry garden was renewed. When I entered Wei, I heard five words, especially the brilliant creation of "three sons of Cao" and "seven sons of Jian 'an". At the turn of Wei and Jin dynasties, there were "seven sages of bamboo forest"; There were three Zhang, two Lu, two Pan, one Zuo in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. During this period, the realm and vision of poetry were broadened, and singing became more and more popular. Things are different, and the years passed to the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Song and Qi Dynasties. There are four characters, five characters, six characters and seven characters, among which "Big and Small Xie", "The Ancestor of Seven Characters" and "Eight Friends of Jingling" stand out, with pastoral poems and landscape poems as the mainstay, beautiful and elegant, and Qi Liang style can be called the exclusive spring scenery before the Tang Dynasty. The prosperous Tang Dynasty is also a prosperous time for poetry. The work of rhyme, the beauty of rhyme, the precision of sentences and the breadth of artistic conception are really the pinnacle! However, although Du Li was crowned as a "poet saint", there are still stars shining through the ages! There are words in the poem, which have been seen in the northern and southern dynasties, and prevailed in the teaching workshop in the late Tang Dynasty. As for Da Song, it gradually jumped out of the string and became a ups and downs poem, which is unique in the history of poetry. Compared with poetry, ci has more extension and inheritance, and also shows hearty lyricism. There are thousands of Ci poets in Song Dynasty, and Yan Xin is the most outstanding one. In addition, it is true that there are thousands of epigrams rhyming, but it is not ancient to the predecessors, and later generations often tie their hands and feet and become the wind of lyrics. The interpretation of poetry in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties more and more catered to the needs of folk entertainment. As a result, "Street Melody" and "Country Square Minor" were very popular and eventually blossomed and became a wonderful song. There is a saying: there are no poems after the Tang Dynasty and no words after the Song Dynasty. Generally speaking, this is a generalized theory of poetic realm; In a narrow sense, not necessarily. Gao Qi's poems in Ming Dynasty have the brilliance of Han and Wei Dynasties and the beauty of Tang and Song Dynasties, which is quite a model of connecting the past with the future. Sighing that the green hills are there, writing is a taboo, risking embarrassment, and suffering from waist-cutting in the prime of life. It is better to say that there is no poetry after the literary inquisition than after the Tang Dynasty. As for the Qing Dynasty, there were many poets and countless poems, but most of them were smoked in the slippery air of princes, lacking character and few people handed down masterpieces. There are more than 10 thousand poems, but I haven't seen one or two. What can I say? However, it is Gong Zizhen and Banqiao who can admire integrity.

China ancient literature common sense ballad 100 sentence. Protect intellectual property rights according to law and advocate network culture. Part of the content comes from the network. If our article involves or infringes on your relevant rights and interests, please contact us immediately. Please indicate the website and article, and we will deal with it or delete it immediately. Thank you for your cooperation! Reprint statement: If you need to reprint this article, please indicate the source "Teacher CN". Special statement: some articles of Mr. CN can only be reproduced with the consent of Mr. CN. Please contact us and reprint with permission. 1, pre-Qin literature Pre-Qin literature has two sources, realism and romanticism. The Book of Songs is divided into three parts, which reflect the reality. Keep in mind Fu Bixing, the famous books "Shuo Shu" and "Fa Tan". Romanticism is Chu Ci, and Li Sao was written by Qu Yuan. There are two schools of prose in the pre-Qin period, so we should remember all the "philosophers" and history books. Confucianism, Mohism and Taoism belong to hundred schools of thought, and each has its own works handed down from generation to generation; The Confucian Analects of Mencius, Mohist Mozi can be seen; Laozi and Zhuangzi of Taoism are masterpieces of legalist Han Fei. There are two styles of historical prose, which are "country" and "chronology". The former is Mandarin and Warring States Policy, and the latter is Chunqiu and Zuozhuan. 2. Literature in the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and poetry in the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties achieved high success; "Yuefu Shuangbi" is praised by people, and Jian 'an literature pushes "Three Caos"; The ancestor of pastoral is Tao Qian, and the legacy of "picking chrysanthemums" can be seen in moral integrity. Historical Records is the first biographical style, which is called "Li Sao has no rhyme"; Ban Gu inherited Sima Yi and Han Shu, which was an innovative move from generation to generation. Jia's essay "On Qin" is full of momentum; "Be a Teacher" is famous for later generations, and "Peach Blossom Garden" is enjoyable. Ci and Fu are prevalent, and Zhang Heng's The Second Beijing seems to be near misses. Literary criticism is also on the rise, and Wen Xin Diao Long is really superb. Parallel prose pursues formal beauty, and the novel is still rough at first. 3. The literature of the Tang Dynasty reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, and the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty" were extraordinary; Wang Yang and Luo Lu wrote metrical poems and memorized all the metrical poems and quatrains. The romantic poet pushed Li Bai and sang "Difficult Road to Shu" all the way. Realism is Du Fu, while Three Officials and Three Partings are unusual. Lotte advocates new Yuefu, and Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow are all famous. Pastoral school has Wang Meng, Gao and Cen sing frontier poems. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Li He "negotiated" with Duo and Jia Dao and passed them down from generation to generation. The rise of "Little Du Li" in the late Tang Dynasty: Since then, the dust has settled. Liu Han's ancient prose is innovative, and Epang Palace Fu has been sung for thousands of years. The legend of the Tang Dynasty has matured, and the representative work is Liu Yichuan. 4. Song Dynasty Literature Song Dynasty literature words are vast, divided into graceful and unconstrained. Liu Guan and Li Qingzhao are romantic and affectionate. Su Shi first opened the bold school, and the River of No Return was full of high spirits. Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet, is in high spirits. Su San, Wang Zeng and Ouyang Xiu inherited Liu Han's writing. Although Gong Fan's works are few, the story of Yueyang Tower shines brilliantly. Lu Fangweng, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, still misses the idea of returning home in Shizi. Who hasn't died since ancient times? Future generations cherish the memory of Wen Tianxiang. General History Chronicle I, Zi Tongzhi Jane, Sima Guang. Shen Kuo, the author of Meng Qian's pen talk, is very famous. 5. There are three kinds of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty: Yuan, Ming and Qing, with different poems and collections. Zaju represents the four great masters, with Guan Hanqing as the first; Dou E's tragedy has been passed down through the ages, and the characters are the most vivid. The other three are Zheng Mabai, and The West Chamber has a good reputation. There were many excellent plays in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Peach Blossom Fan and Peony Pavilion are all chapters, and Four Great Classical Novels is the peak. "The Scholars" can't forget the popularity of "Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio", which has a short story style. Sanyan was edited by Feng Menglong. Fang Bao started Yao Nai, and his prose genre is called Tongcheng School. Gong Zizhen, a famous poet in the late Qing Dynasty, advised God.

7. I want some literary knowledge about poetry.

China ancient poetry culture originated from sacrificial ceremonies, sprouted from folk songs and flourished in chanting records.

Unfortunately, the earliest extant collection of poems is The Book of Songs. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, it evolved into a Sao style, simple and profound, which is a unique branch of pre-Qin poetry culture.

With the death of Qin and Han, Yuefu flourished and the poetry garden was renewed. When I entered Wei, I heard five words, especially the brilliant creation of "three sons of Cao" and "seven sons of Jian 'an".

At the turn of Wei and Jin dynasties, there were "seven sages of bamboo forest"; There were three Zhang, two Lu, two Pan, one Zuo in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. During this period, the realm and vision of poetry were broadened, and singing became more and more popular.

Things have changed, and the years have passed to the Song and Qi Dynasties in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There are four characters, five characters, six characters and seven characters, among which "Big and Small Xie", "The Ancestor of Seven Characters" and "Eight Friends of Jingling" stand out, with pastoral poems and landscape poems as the mainstay, beautiful and elegant, and Qi Liang style can be called the exclusive spring scenery before the Tang Dynasty. The prosperous Tang Dynasty is also a prosperous time for poetry. The work of rhyme, the beauty of rhyme, the precision of sentences and the breadth of artistic conception are really the pinnacle! However, although Du Li was crowned as a "poet saint", there are still stars shining through the ages! There are words in the poem, which have been seen in the northern and southern dynasties, and prevailed in the teaching workshop in the late Tang Dynasty. As for Da Song, it gradually jumped out of the string and became a ups and downs poem, which is unique in the history of poetry. Compared with poetry, ci has more extension and inheritance, and also shows hearty lyricism.

There are thousands of Ci poets in Song Dynasty, and Yan Xin is the most outstanding one. In addition, it is true that there are thousands of epigrams rhyming, but it is not ancient to the predecessors, and later generations often tie their hands and feet and become the wind of lyrics.

The interpretation of poetry in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties more and more catered to the needs of folk entertainment. As a result, "Street Melody" and "Country Square Minor" were very popular and eventually blossomed and became a wonderful song. There is a saying: there are no poems after the Tang Dynasty and no words after the Song Dynasty.

Generally speaking, this is a generalized theory of poetic realm; In a narrow sense, not necessarily. Gao Qi's poems in Ming Dynasty have the brilliance of Han and Wei Dynasties and the beauty of Tang and Song Dynasties, which is quite a model of connecting the past with the future.

Sighing that the green hills are there, writing is a taboo, risking embarrassment, and suffering from waist-cutting in the prime of life. It is better to say that there is no poetry after the literary inquisition than after the Tang Dynasty.

As for the Qing Dynasty, there were many poets and countless poems, but most of them were smoked in the slippery air of princes, lacking character and few people handed down masterpieces. There are more than 10 thousand poems, but I haven't seen one or two. What can I say? However, it is Gong Zizhen and Banqiao who can admire integrity.