Information about Qianjiang River

Qianjiang county was a corner of Yunmengze in ancient times, which was gradually formed after the compound alluvial of river water and the slow deposition of lake water.

Qianjiang area belonged to Jingzhou area in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period around the 5th century BC, towns such as Zhanghuatai and Jingling appeared in the hills in the south of the county and the plains in the north, belonging to Chu among the vassal states.

In 278 BC (the 29th year of Qin Dynasty), Tian Lei led the capture of Ying (now northwest of Jiangling), the capital of Chu, and set Jingling in the east, and established counties respectively, which became the jurisdiction of Jingling County in the South Qin Dynasty.

The Western Han Dynasty was established in 206 BC, and then Huarong County was established in Zhanghuatai. Qianjiang belongs to Jingling and Huarong.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the land of Qianjiang was under the jurisdiction of Wu, and its subordinate counties were no different from Han.

In the early Jin Dynasty, Jiangling County was in Jiangxia County, Jingling County was in Qianjiang County, and Jiangling County was in Nanjun County.

Around 550 AD, Liang Province in the Southern Dynasties was in Jingling, and Huarong was abandoned. The southwest of Qianjiang was changed to Jiangling County, Nanjun County; Hualing County was located in Jiangling in the Western Wei Dynasty, and it was changed to Zi Ling County in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and the southwest of Qianjiang was under its jurisdiction. The northeast is Jingling County, Jingling County and Danzhou. Jingling County moved from Changshou (now Zhongxiang) to Jingling during the reign of Qi. At the end of the Liang Dynasty, Jingling County entered the county, and Jingling County began to move to (now under the door), and the northeast of Qianjiang was a county. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Cheng Xiao County was changed to Jingling County, and Jingling County was changed to Shicheng County. The northeast of Qianjiang belongs to Jingling County, Shicheng County.

During the Sui Dynasty, Qianjiang belonged to Jingling County and Mianyang County of Jingzhou in the northeast and Zi Ling County in the southwest.

At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Zi Ling entered Jiangling County, where Qianjiang belongs to Jiangling County in the southwest and Jingling County in Fuzhou in the northeast. In 857 AD (the 11th year of Emperor Taizong's reign), "it is inconvenient for households to get grain, so the tax collection office is located in Baifu" (Yuhuan in Taiping, Baifu is in the northwest of this county), which is under the jurisdiction of my envoy to Beijing South. During the Five Dynasties, the White House was changed to anyuan town, which was the territory of Nanping (the southern part of Beijing).

In 965 (the third year of Song Gande), it was promoted to the county of Baifu Patrol Court. Because there are rivers in the territory that divide the Han River into the Yangtze River, it is named Qianjiang with the meaning of "the Han River is submerged". The county government is located in anyuan town (near Xiabeng Lake today), belonging to Jiangling House on Jinghu North Road.

1276 (13th year from Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty), Jiangling House was changed to Governor's House on the road, and later to Zhongxing Road, both of which belonged to Qianjiang River and were placed under Zhongshu Province in Jiangbei, Henan Province. 1293 (in the 30th year of Yuan Dynasty), the county government moved to Doudi due to flood, that is, the present government is located.

1368, founded in Ming dynasty. Previously, Zhongxing Road had been changed to Jingzhou Prefecture, so Qianjiang belonged to Jingzhou Prefecture of Huguang Government Office in the early Ming Dynasty. 153 1 year (ten years of Jiajing), Anlufu was upgraded to Chengtianfu, and Qianjiang was changed to it.

1646 (three years of Qing Shunzhi), changed Chengtianfu to Anlufu; 1664 (Kangxi three years), divided into Hubei and Hunan. Qianjiang belongs to Anlufu, Hubei Province.

19 12, the Republic of China was founded. The following year, the government was changed to Tao, and Tao was an administrative organization between provinces and counties. Qianjiang belongs to Hubei North Road (later renamed Xiangyang Road). 1925 the Taoist system was abolished and it was directly under the jurisdiction of the province. 1932 There is an administrative supervision area between provinces and counties, and Qianjiang belongs to the seventh area (1934 belongs to the sixth area, and later to it). 1936, the seventh district was renamed fourth area, and it still owned Qianjiang (until 1947). During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the Japanese invaders occupied parts of Qianjiang from May 1939 to August 1945, and established a puppet regime. Qianjiang county government was forced to move to tugboat port, Yangliutai and Xiongkou. 1in the spring of 943, he left Qianjiang and set up an office in Gongan County. He was ruled after the Japanese surrendered.

The county belongs to the water network lake area. During the Republic of China, the people were not only oppressed by the "three mountains", but also suffered from floods. Being far away from the central cities, the people are rich in revolutionary traditions, which is conducive to the gathering and gyration of revolutionary forces. Therefore, it became a revolutionary base during the new-democratic revolution led by the China Producer Party. 1spring of 930 to1winter of 932, the whole territory was the Soviet area, which was subordinate to Qianjiang, Jingnan (later renamed Jingmen) and Maeda Soviet government (revolutionary committee) (formerly called "Lianxian government") in western Hunan and Hubei. The Soviet government of Qianjiang county is stationed in tugboat port, Qianjiang city and other places, and the Soviet government of Jingnan county is stationed in Maiwangzui.

1the spring of 942 to1the autumn of 945 is the anti-Japanese base area, which belongs to the anti-Japanese democratic government of Qian Jing, Tianjianmian and Tianjingqian counties jointly owned by Xiangnan and Xianghe in the Hubei-Henan border region. Qianjing Anti-Japanese Democratic Government is located in Mo Jialing, Maeda Anti-Japanese Democratic Government was located in Taoheling, Zongkou, and Tianjinqian Anti-Japanese Democratic Government was located in Xiajiachang.

1947 to 65438+February to1June 949, the whole county is a liberated area, which is under the jurisdiction of the people's democratic governments of Xiangnan, Jiangjingqian, Tianjingqian and Tianjingqian of Hubei Administrative Office in Jianghan District. Jiang County People's Democratic Government is located in Xiongkou, and Tianjingqian County People's Democratic Government is located in Xiajiachang.

1July, 949, the border counties were abolished, the original county name and county territory were restored, and the three counties of Jiangjingqian, Tianqingmian and Tianjingqian were abolished. Qianjiang County People's Government, located in Xiongkou, is subordinate to the Office of Inspector General of Jingzhou Administrative Region, Hubei Province. In August, Qianjiang County People's Government moved to Chengguan (now Garden Office).

1May, 988, the county was withdrawn and the city was established.

1994 10 is listed as a municipality directly under the central government of Hubei province.

geographical position

Qianjiang City is located between east longitude112 29' and north latitude113 0/'and north latitude 30 39'. It is located in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain in central and southern Hubei Province, with a flat terrain and a ground elevation of 26 meters to 3/kloc. The city covers an area of 2,004 square kilometers, including 67,394 hectares of cultivated land and a total population of 6,543.8+0.002 million, including 488,000 urban residents (including 360,000 non-agricultural residents in the central city). Administer 15 towns, markets and offices, 1 provincial economic and technological development zones and 6 administrative regions. Jianghan Oilfield, one of the top ten oilfields in China, has 16 county-level state-owned farms. In 965 (the third year of Song Gande), the county was established. 1May, 988, the county was withdrawn and the city was established; 1October, 1 1993, was rated as a national star city; 1994 10 was listed as a municipality directly under the central government of Hubei province and was rated as one of the top ten cities with comprehensive economic strength in the province for many times.

History and culture

Qianjiang has a long history and splendid culture. Since the county was founded in 965 (Song Gande three years), it has been 10 for more than a century. Qianjiang is one of the birthplaces of Chu culture, and the Palace of the King of Chu in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, which is known as "the best in the world", is located in Longwan Town. Longwan Site is the most complete and earliest site group of Chu Divorce Palace in China, and it was designated as "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries in China" in 200 1 year. The long cultural history has not only formed the simple folk customs of Qianjiang, but also nurtured many talents. In the past century, there have been China's great representative Li, the pioneer of the Revolution of 1911, the first agriculture minister of New China Li Shucheng, the first supervision minister and the famous playwright Cao Yu, who are well-known in China. 1May, 988, the county was withdrawn and the city was established. 1994 10 month, listed as a municipality directly under the central government of Hubei province.

natural resource

Qianjiang is rich in grain, cotton and oil on the ground and rich in underground oil, gas and salt. There are 200 million tons of oil, more than 970 billion cubic meters of natural gas, nearly 800 billion tons of rock salt (30 times that of Zigong, the "salt capital" of China) and 654.38+03.6 billion cubic meters of brine, which are rich in lithium, cesium, rubidium, bromine, potassium, iodine, boron, silicon, strontium, nickel and manganese.

infrastructure

Qianjiang is bordered by Hanshui River in the north, Yangtze River in the south, Huangshi in Wuhan in the east and Three Gorges in Jingzhou in the west. 3 18 National Highway and Yihuang (Shanghai-Chengdu) Expressway run through the east and west, and two secondary highways, Qianjian and Xiangyue, run through the north and south. It is the only pilot city for road network construction in the plain lake area of the province. The density and accessibility of transportation infrastructure are in the forefront of the province. Inland navigation is smooth all the year round, flowing through the Han River in the north of the border, and there are two ports with an annual throughput of more than 3 million tons.

Strong strength in science and education. There are 24 scientific research institutions in the city, and the largest and most advanced computer center in Central and South China is located in the urban area, with more than 40,000 professional technicians and more than 230 natural technicians. "The proportion of the population above junior college to the population above 6 years old" is 3.94%, and "the proportion of the population above 6 years old in high school and technical secondary school" is 14.25%. The college entrance examination has achieved remarkable results. In 2002, he sent 19 outstanding students to Tsinghua and Peking University, and won the top prize in science in the province.

The built-up area of the central city covers an area of 38.6 square kilometers. The urbanization level is 48.27%, the daily water supply capacity of urban areas is 270,000 tons, the residential gas consumption rate is 98.5%, and the total annual power supply exceeds 800 million kWh. There are two groups in the urban area, Garden and Guanghua, which are in a constellation city pattern. There are green corridors connecting groups, distinctive forest parks, road greening to decorate the city, and riparian forest belts to ensure ecology. The green coverage rate of the city's built-up areas reached 54.5%. National Plain Artificial Forest Park is located in the suburbs, covering an area of 200 hectares. There are 275 rare tree species in the park, which is known as the first subtropical botanical garden in Jianghan Plain. The Nanmenhe Garden Project with an investment of 1 60,000 yuan was officially opened to the public on June1day, 2002. More than 30,000 trees and 20,000 square meters of lawns have been planted in the park. The famous writer Bjor praised Qianjiang as "a green city". It has won many honors, such as "First-class Sanitary City in Hubei Province", "Excellent City for Comprehensive Improvement of Urban Environment in China" and "Civilized City in the whole province".

economic construction

In 2002, the city's GDP reached 8.544 billion yuan, an increase of 76.5438+0% over the previous year, of which the primary industry was 65.438+46.3 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+0.5%; The secondary industry was 4.073 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5%; The tertiary industry was 3.008 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5%. Fiscal revenue at all levels was 640 million yuan, of which local general budget revenue was 262 million yuan, an increase of 15.6% over the previous year. The per capita net income of farmers was 2,680 yuan, an increase of 8 1 yuan or 3. 1% over the previous year. The balance of bank deposits was 8.3 billion yuan and the balance of loans was 4.8 billion yuan. The total retail sales of social consumer goods was 310.44 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year.

Open development is in the ascendant. There are three listed companies in this city: Happiness Industry, Jiangzuan and Qianjiang Pharmaceutical. In 2002, there were 3,542 individual industrial and commercial households in the city, with 6,075 new employees and a registered capital of 64.8 million yuan. 223 private enterprises were developed, with new employees 1392 and registered capital103.58 million yuan; The number of employees in the private economy accounts for 4% of the city's population. * * * 47 technical renovation projects were completed, with an investment of165438+300 million yuan. 78 new projects were introduced and 48 were put into operation, with a total investment of 509 million yuan and actually paid-in funds of 320 million yuan. Opening to the outside world has been further expanded, and the export volume of export-oriented enterprises such as Yali, Yongan and Saichuang has increased. The city's foreign trade export was US$ 2,465,438+US$ 600,000, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$ 8.02 million, all exceeding the provincial assessment objectives and tasks. There is a 108 small commodity market in the city, and Jianghan market and building materials market are the larger markets in central and southern China. The city has opened more than 30 windows in the "three sides" area, and has successively established sister city relations with domestic and foreign cities such as Heidenheim.

investment climate

Qianjiang is blessed with natural resources. The ground is rich in grain, oil and cotton, and the underground is rich in oil, gas and salt. It is the "seven agricultural bases" of commodity grain, high-quality cotton, commodity fish and fast-growing and high-yield forests, the "four modernizations" of pig sacrifice, comprehensive agricultural development and agricultural foreign exchange earning, and the "five industrial bases" of comprehensive oil and gas exploitation and processing, petroleum machinery manufacturing, salinization industry, petrochemical scientific research and foreign service. There are 200 million tons of oil, more than 970 billion cubic meters of natural gas, nearly 800 billion tons of rock salt, 30 times that of Zigong, the "salt capital" of China, and 65.438+0.36 billion cubic meters of brine, which is rich in 65.438+08 kinds of bromine, potassium, iodine, boron, silicon, strontium, nickel, manganese, lithium, cesium and rubidium. Qianjiang, with superior geographical location and developed transportation. It is adjacent to Huangshi and wuhan tong in the east, the Three Gorges in Jingzhou in the west, Hanshui in the north and the Yangtze River in the south. Inland navigation is smooth all year round. 3 18 National Highway and Yi (Chang)-Huang (Shi) Expressway run through the east and west, and two secondary highways, Qianjiang, Jianli and Yueyang Xiangfan, run through the north and south. There are two ports, Zekou and Hongmiao, with an annual throughput of 3 million tons, on the Hanjiang River flowing through the north. Qianjiang, the infrastructure is improving day by day. The main roads in urban areas have grown to 358 kilometers, and there are 60 main roads in urban areas, connecting the urban areas and spanning the north and south. The daily water supply capacity of the urban area is 270,000 tons. The residential gas consumption rate is 98.5%, and the urban and rural electricity consumption rate is 100%. The total annual power supply exceeds 600 million kWh, and 70,000 international and domestic program-controlled telephones have been opened. Optical fiber communication, digital microwave, mobile phones with international and domestic networking functions and wireless paging have all been put into use. The national-level plain man-made forest park with a green coverage rate of 35% and an area of 200 hectares is located in the suburbs, with 275 rare tree species, and is known as the first subtropical botanical garden in Jianghan Plain. Qianjiang is strong in science and technology. Scientific research institute 3 1, the largest and most advanced computer center in central and southern China is located in the urban area, with more than 40,000 professional technicians, including 2 1, and 10,000 people have 226 natural technicians, reaching the national advanced level. Qianjiang, opening to the outside world is in the ascendant. There are nearly 100 foreign-funded enterprises and 36 industrial export enterprises, including 9 self-operated import and export enterprises, forming a "three-point-one-line" pattern with bases in the mainland, windows in the coast and markets abroad. The city has opened more than 30 windows in the "Trilateral" area, and has successively established sister cities with Heidenheim, Liaoning, xinmin city and Puning, Guangdong. Qianjiang and Watertown Gardens have their own characteristics. Urban gardens, Guanghua and Zekou are in a constellation pattern, with green corridors connecting the groups, and characteristic forest parks dotted with urban roads to ensure ecological riparian forest belts. The famous writer Bi Ye once praised Qianjiang as "a green city".

tourist resources

The main tourist natural resources of Qianjiang are "two parks, two lakes, one river and one river". Namely Forest Park, Metasequoia Park, Wanhui Lake, Grain Borrowing Lake, Tianguan River and Hanjiang River.

Forest park. Located in Shi Yang Office of Dongcheng District, covering an area of 100 hectare, it is a good place for leisure and sightseeing, with a large number of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Taxodium ascendens and Populus euphratica.

Metasequoia Park. Located in Guanghua Office in Xicheng District, it is the largest artificial Metasequoia forest in Jianghan Plain. The park provides various fitness and entertainment projects, and it is a comprehensive leisure and entertainment place.

Return to bay lake. Originally a tributary of Dongting Lake, with a water surface of 1 1,000 mu, it is the largest natural lake in Qianjiang. In the early 1990s, Wanhui Lake began to develop tourism, and now it has become a leisure and holiday resort with a watery mood. The lake area has unique facilities such as catering, accommodation and entertainment.

Borrow grain lake. Located in the northwest border of Qianjiang City, bordering Jingmen and Jingzhou, with an area of 50,000 mu. It is an excellent tourism resource integrating scenic spots and historical sites, folk customs, Buddhist culture and water world, and is now being developed.

Tianguanhe tourist scenic spot. Located in Tianguan River Irrigation and Drainage Station, its cableway across the river and artificial Metasequoia forest constitute a unique river beach scenery.

Hanjiang folk scenic spot. With Zekou and Hongqi Wharf on the Han River as the main docks, a folk customs area featuring catering and leisure has initially formed.

The long history and culture of Qianjiang provide valuable cultural landscape for Qianjiang. There are mainly Zhang Huatai, Cao Yu's works exhibition hall and Li exhibition room.

Zhang Huatai. Located in Longwan, Qianjiang, a large number of cultural relics have been unearthed, which is of great value in Chu culture archaeology. In 2000, Chu Zhanghuatai was listed as one of the "Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China".

Cao Yu's works exhibition hall. Located in Dongcheng District of Qianjiang, it shows the life course of a generation of drama master Cao Yu. Cao Yu's tomb is located in Qianjiang Forest Park.

Li showroom. Li, one of the representatives of * * *, is a native of Qianjiang, and has a Li Monument and a Li showroom.

Qianjiang specialty:

1. Submerged Pinellia ternata: Pinellia ternata is an important medicinal material in the treasure house of Chinese traditional medicine, and its origin is only China and Japan in Asia. Its function is to eliminate dampness and phlegm, regulate stomach and stop vomiting, and mainly treat phlegm-dampness drinking, vomiting and cough and asthma. There are two kinds of Pinellia ternata, water Pinellia ternata and dry Pinellia ternata. The medicinal value of Pinellia ternata is as strong as Pinellia ternata. Qianjiang is the main producing area of Pinellia ternata in China. Cihai has the phrase "rich in Chinese herbal medicines such as Pinellia ternata" in the entry "Qianjiang". Therefore, the production of Pinellia ternata in Qianjiang has the reputation of "latent Pinellia ternata". The older generation of Chinese medicine wrote "Submerged Pinellia ternata" in the prescription, which was more like the word "Vert" crowned with "Chuan" and became "Chuanbei". "Submerged Pinellia ternata" is also a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, which is marketed at home and abroad.

2. Erhuitou: It's a famous dish in Hubei, cooked with Astragalus membranaceus, a specialty of Qianhu Lake. It looks cold, but the entrance is very hot, which melts at the entrance and has a long aftertaste. Liu was the first chef to cook this dish. He saw that the steamed fish, especially the fish after degreasing, were inclined at both ends, just like the saddle shape mentioned above, so he named it Erhuitou according to this curly shape. After a scholar tasted the delicious food, it was still full of flavor, so he asked for a poem with a pen and paper: wonderful, going back twice/fragrant and smooth/a traveler likes to taste new things/going back and forth. The poet not only endowed the delicacies with peculiar shapes, but also endowed people with deep love, and then lingered in this delicious implication. Emperor Qianlong once went to Qianjiang, accidentally ate it once, and then went back to the old place to eat it twice, which is also the origin of a "two turns back"; 3. Cucui: There are ordinary white Cucui, onion Cucui and duck Cucui (also known as "Dan Chong Cucui", whose two tips are wide in the middle, named after the shape of Dan Chong in ancient times); 4. Boiled steamed bread: It is no different from ordinary steamed bread. The stuffing is optional, but it's not steamed. It's cooked in that pot. Now add some water to the pot and sprinkle a little flour evenly on the water. Put the steamed stuffed bun in the pot neatly, sprinkle a little oil when it is cooked until it is dry, then boil it dry, and sprinkle oil after turning it over, which is basically cooked. 5. Steamed pork: It is different from steamed meat powder where steamed pork is used in other provinces, and it is also different from Wuhan. The method of using fine rice flour is basically the same as that of steaming pork in Mianyang Three Steams. 6, steamed fish: choose the first-class herring or wealth fish to cut into pieces, and use starch to order soup, which tastes smooth and tender; 7. Qumi tea: it is not a drink, but a staple food of Qianjiang, Xiantao and Tianmen in summer. After the rice is browned, it can be cooked according to the procedure of porridge cooking; 8. Boiled fish: choose the snakehead fish produced in Hanshui (called fish in Hubei) and cut into pieces. It's similar to boiling sliced meat. Very spicy, it is an essential main course for Qianjiang weddings and funerals; 9. Ciba, rice cakes, lotus leaves, sesame seeds, fried rice, water-baked cakes and shortcakes are seasonal foods for the New Year, which should be cooked by every household in rural areas. 10, braised prawns, fragrant thoughts, baked Baba, pillow Baba, steamed cakes, oil chopping block, roasted fragrant rice in Qianjiang 1 1. Snails "snails in March, mussels in April" is a folk proverb in Qianjiang, which means that people in Jianghan Plain don't stir-fry snails half-cooked, just like foreigners. Instead, first "cook" the snails with boiling water, then pick them out with broken spindles or bamboo sticks, and then steam them three times a day. Recently, there is another way to eat, that is, the so-called "three-flavor hot pot" with clam meat, bacon and bean dregs, which has unexpectedly blossomed everywhere in restaurants in the city.