All the events in the world space memorabilia

1957101October 4th: The former Soviet Union launches the world's first artificial earth satellite. Six months later, an American satellite flew into the sky. ?

1September 1959 12: The former Soviet Union launched the "Moon" 2 probe, which was the first spacecraft to hit the surface of the moon in the world.

196 1.4. 12 Gagarin, an astronaut from the former Soviet Union, became the first astronaut in the world in the "Dongfang-1" spacecraft. ?

1963.6. 16 "Dongfang VI" sent tereshkova, the world's first female astronaut, into space. ?

1965.3. 18 leonov, an astronaut from the former Soviet Union, took off in the "Ascension Island II" spacecraft, realizing the world's first spacewalk. ?

Three American astronauts landed on the moon by Apollo 1 1. ?

1969.7.2 1 At 3 o'clock GMT, the spacecraft landed on the moon, and Armstrong was the first to set foot on the moon. ?

197 1.4. 19 The former Soviet Union successfully launched the world's first space station "Salute 1". ?

1975.7. 17 American Apollo spacecraft docked with the former Soviet Union Soyuz spacecraft in space. ?

198 1.4. 12 The United States successfully launched the world's first space shuttle Columbia. ?

1984.7.25 The former Soviet female astronaut Savka walked out of the Salute 7 space station, thus becoming the first woman in the world to walk in space. ?

Wang Ganjun took off on the space shuttle Challenger and became the first Chinese astronaut. ?

1986. 1.28 The American space shuttle Challenger exploded, killing all seven astronauts, including a female teacher. This is the most serious space accident so far. ?

1986.2.20 the first module of mir space station in the former Soviet union was successfully launched. ?

1994. 1.08 Russian astronaut polyali set a record of 439 days of continuous space flight on the mir space station. ?

1996.3.22 American female astronaut Lucid set a women's world record of flying in space for 188 days in a row on the mir space station. ?

1999.7. 13 Collins became the first female commander in American space history. ?

1999.11.20 China's first manned space test spacecraft, Shenzhou I, successfully made its first flight. ?

China's Shenzhou II unmanned spacecraft was successfully launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. ?

On March 25th, 2002, Shenzhou III spacecraft developed by China was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully entered the scheduled orbit.

On February 1 day, 2003, the first American space shuttle Columbia exploded and disintegrated on the way back, killing seven astronauts, which became another great tragedy in the history of manned space flight. ?

On June 2, 2003, the European Space Agency successfully launched the Mars Express probe. On February 25th, 65438, Beagle 2 on the probe landed and began to explore Mars. ?

On September 27th, 2003, the first European lunar probe, Smart 1, was launched. June, 5438+October, 2005 10, entered the orbit around the moon and began to explore the moon. ?

On June 5438+1October 65438+May, 2003, China launched the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, carrying astronaut Yang Liwei into space for 2 1 hour and then returned to the ground. China became the third country in the world to carry out manned space flight. ?

On August 3, 2004, the United States launched the Messenger probe and began to fly to Mercury. ?

June 65438+/KOOC-0/October 65438+April 2004, Russia launched the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft, carrying three astronauts, including the/KOOC-0/0 space group composed of Chinese American astronaut Jiao Lizhong and Russian astronaut sharipov, who stayed at the International Space Station for/KOOC-0/92 days. ?

On June 65438+1October 65438+February 2005, the United States launched a deep impact detector. On July 4th of the same year, the release collider hit Temple 1 Comet, trying to uncover the mystery of the origin of the earth and the solar system. ?

On April/5, 2005, the Russian Federation's TMA-6 spacecraft carried three people into space. Among them, a long-term scientific research team composed of Russian astronaut Krikalyov and American astronaut Phillips stayed at the International Space Station for 179 days, and on June 65438+1October. Krikalyov set a new record of 803 days of space flight. ?

On July 26th, 2005, the American space shuttle Discovery resumed its flight. The resumption flight carried seven astronauts and returned safely on August 9. It shows that the space shuttle can continue to fly after improvement. ?

June 5438+1October 65438+February 2005, China's Shenzhou VI spacecraft with two astronauts was launched and returned to the ground after five days of space flight, marking a new and important step in China's manned space technology. ?

On July 4, 2006, the American space shuttle Discovery successfully lifted off with seven astronauts and docked with the International Space Station, completing a three-day space mission of/kloc-0. ?

On August 4, 2007, the American Phoenix Mars lander was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. ?

On August 7, 2007, the American space shuttle Endeavour successfully lifted off with seven astronauts.

In March 2009, the US Air Force prepared for the intensive launch period of the new space system.

In June 2009, ESA and the British government promoted the research and development of the concept of "space plane".

In July 2009, Europe integrated space-based security and defense.

Space flight, also known as space flight, space flight, space flight or space flight, refers to various activities of entering, exploring, developing and utilizing space (that is, space outside the earth's atmosphere, also known as outer space) and celestial bodies outside the earth.

Space activities include space technology (also called space technology), space application and space science. Space technology refers to a comprehensive engineering technology that provides technical means and guarantee conditions for space activities. Space application refers to the use of space technology and its developed space resources in scientific research, national economy, national defense construction, culture and education.

Space resources refer to all kinds of environment, energy and material resources that can be developed and utilized by human beings outside the earth's atmosphere, such as high and remote positions in space, high vacuum, ultra-low temperature, strong radiation, microgravity environment, solar energy and material resources of celestial bodies outside the earth.

China Aerospace

People's Republic of China (PRC)'s space industry began in 1956. China launched its first artificial earth satellite 1970 on April 24th (see "Dongfanghong" 1), which is the fifth country in the world that can independently launch artificial satellites after the Soviet Union, the United States, France and Japan.

The purpose of China's space development is to explore outer space and expand the understanding of the earth and the universe; Peaceful use of outer space, promoting human civilization and social progress, and benefiting all mankind; Adapt to the needs of economic construction, scientific and technological development, national security and social progress, improve the scientific quality of the whole people, safeguard national rights and interests, and enhance comprehensive national strength. In developing the space industry, China implements the guiding principles of national scientific and technological development, namely, independent innovation, key leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future.

Keynote policy

In carrying out international space exchanges and cooperation, the Government of China has adopted the following basic policies:

Adhere to the principle of independence, according to the needs of national modernization, make overall consideration of rational utilization of two domestic and foreign markets and resources, and carry out active and pragmatic international cooperation.

Support activities in the peaceful uses of outer space within the United Nations system; Support the activities of intergovernmental or non-governmental space organizations to promote the development of space technology, space applications and space science.

Attach importance to space cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region and support space cooperation in other regions of the world.

Strengthen space cooperation with developing countries and attach importance to space cooperation with developed countries.

Encourage and support domestic scientific research institutions, industrial enterprises, universities and social organizations to carry out multi-level and multi-form international space exchanges and cooperation under the guidance of relevant national policies and regulations.

References:

Aerospace Baidu encyclopedia