Literary common sense ppt of song ci

1. Some literary knowledge about Song Ci, such as writer's style.

Song Ci is a popular literary genre in China in the Song Dynasty. Song Ci is one of the new style poems relative to classical poetry, which marks the highest achievement of Song literature. Song ci has long and short sentences, which are easy to sing. Because it is the lyrics of chorus, it is also called tune words, Yuefu, music movement, long and short sentences, poetry leisure, piano music and so on. It began in Liang, became in Tang and flourished in Song.

Song Ci is the first special style to express romantic love in the history of China literature development. "Poetry expresses aspiration, Ci expresses aspiration" and "Ci is a colorful subject" are all generalizations of this mainstream creative tendency.

The theme of Song Ci focuses on mourning for the Spring and Autumn Period, parting from sorrow, various customs, love between men and women and so on. These are directly or indirectly related to "eroticism". Su Shi, praised by later generations as the founder of "bold words", still belongs to the category of "eroticism".

Su Shi should be said to be the ultimate founder of the tradition of literati lyric poetry, and some people think that this is also the beginning of the decline of historical development. Song poems just express their feelings for mountains and rivers blindly, or sing without desire. Chen Shidao used "Poetry as Ci" to evaluate Su Ci, the essence of which was the innovation of Su Ci in Taoist thought.

Generally speaking, the process of "elegance" of words, in a sense, is the process of words gradually approaching poetry and trying to cross the boundary between "expressing ambition" and "expressing emotion". So Lu Fuzhi said, "Elegance is the best, but it is still a tributary of poetry. Indecent, not enough words. "

Extended data:

Song Ci can be basically divided into two categories: graceful school (including Huajian school) and wild school.

1, the characteristics of graceful and restrained school

Mainly the content focuses on children's customs. The structure is profound and meticulous, paying attention to the harmony of melody, the language is round and fresh, and there is a gentle beauty. Narrow content. For a long time, characters tend to be gentle and graceful, so people have formed the concept that grace is authentic.

Li Houzhu, Liu Yong, Zhou Bangyan and other poets all regard "the truth of ci", which represents this view. Graceful and restrained words occupied a dominant position in the ci world for a long time, until a large number of poets such as Jiang Kui, Wu Wenying and Zhang Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty were influenced by graceful and restrained words in different aspects.

2, the characteristics of bold and unconstrained

Generally speaking, the creative vision is relatively broad, the weather is magnificent, and I like to write words with poetic techniques, syntax and typology. Wide range of words, versatile, not constrained by rhythm. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian, Chao, He Zhu and others all had works of this style.

After Du Nan, due to the great changes of the times, tragic and generous tenors came into being, which became a common practice, and Xin Qiji became a great master in creating bold and unconstrained ci.

The school of bold and unconstrained ci is not only unique, but also has a great influence on the ci circle in Song Dynasty. From the Song and Jin Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, there were always poets who held high the bold banner and made great efforts to study Su and Xin.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Song Ci

2. Literary knowledge of poetry

China ancient poetry culture originated from sacrificial ceremonies, sprouted from folk songs and flourished in chanting records. Unfortunately, the earliest extant collection of poems is The Book of Songs. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, it evolved into a Sao style, simple and profound, which is a unique branch of pre-Qin poetry culture. With the death of Qin and Han, Yuefu flourished and the poetry garden was renewed. When I entered Wei, I heard five words, especially the brilliant creation of "three sons of Cao" and "seven sons of Jian 'an". At the turn of Wei and Jin dynasties, there were "seven sages of bamboo forest"; There were three Zhang, two Lu, two Pan, one Zuo in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. During this period, the realm and vision of poetry were broadened, and singing became more and more popular. Things have changed, and the years have passed to the Song and Qi Dynasties in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There are four characters, five characters, six characters and seven characters, among which "Big and Small Xie", "The Ancestor of Seven Characters" and "Eight Friends of Jingling" stand out, with pastoral poems and landscape poems as the mainstay, beautiful and elegant, and Qi Liang style can be called the exclusive spring scenery before the Tang Dynasty. The prosperous Tang Dynasty is also a prosperous time for poetry. The work of rhyme, the beauty of rhyme, the precision of sentences and the breadth of artistic conception are really the pinnacle! However, although Du Li was crowned as a "poet saint", there are still stars shining through the ages! There are words in the poem, which have been seen in the northern and southern dynasties, and prevailed in the teaching workshop in the late Tang Dynasty. As for Da Song, it gradually jumped out of the string and became a ups and downs poem, which is unique in the history of poetry. Compared with poetry, ci has more extension and inheritance, and also shows hearty lyricism. There are thousands of Ci poets in Song Dynasty, and Yan Xin is the most outstanding one. In addition, it is true that there are thousands of epigrams rhyming, but it is not ancient to the predecessors, and later generations often tie their hands and feet and become the wind of lyrics. The interpretation of poetry in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties more and more catered to the needs of folk entertainment. As a result, "Street Melody" and "Country Square Minor" were very popular and eventually blossomed and became a wonderful song. There is a saying: there are no poems after the Tang Dynasty and no words after the Song Dynasty. Generally speaking, this is a generalized theory of poetic realm; In a narrow sense, not necessarily. Gao Qi's poems in Ming Dynasty have the brilliance of Han and Wei Dynasties and the beauty of Tang and Song Dynasties, which is quite a model of connecting the past with the future. Sighing that the green hills are there, writing is a taboo, risking embarrassment, and suffering from waist-cutting in the prime of life. It is better to say that there is no poetry after the literary inquisition than after the Tang Dynasty. As for the Qing Dynasty, there were many poets and countless poems, but most of them were smoked in the slippery air of princes, lacking character and few people handed down masterpieces. There are more than 10 thousand poems, but I haven't seen one or two. What can I say? However, it is Gong Zizhen and Banqiao who can admire integrity.

China ancient literature common sense ballad 100 sentence. Protect intellectual property rights according to law and advocate network culture. Part of the content comes from the network. If our article involves or infringes on your relevant rights and interests, please contact us immediately. Please indicate the website and article, and we will deal with it or delete it immediately. Thank you for your cooperation! Reprint statement: If you need to reprint this article, please indicate the source "Teacher CN". Special statement: some articles of Mr. CN can only be reproduced with the consent of Mr. CN. Please contact us and reprint with permission. 1, pre-Qin literature Pre-Qin literature has two sources, realism and romanticism. The Book of Songs is divided into three parts, which reflect the reality. Keep in mind Fu Bixing, the famous books "Shuo Shu" and "Fa Tan". Romanticism is Chu Ci, and Li Sao was written by Qu Yuan. There are two schools of prose in the pre-Qin period, so we should remember all the "philosophers" and history books. Confucianism, Mohism and Taoism belong to hundred schools of thought, and each has its own works handed down from generation to generation; The Confucian Analects of Mencius, Mohist Mozi can be seen; Laozi and Zhuangzi of Taoism are masterpieces of legalist Han Fei. There are two types of historical prose, namely "country" and "chronology". The former is Mandarin and Warring States Policy, and the latter is Chunqiu and Zuozhuan. 2. Literature in the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and poetry in the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties achieved high success; "Yuefu Shuangbi" is praised by people, and Jian 'an literature pushes "Three Caos"; The ancestor of pastoral is Tao Qian, and the legacy of "picking chrysanthemums" can be seen in moral integrity. Historical Records is the first biographical style, which is called "Li Sao has no rhyme"; Ban Gu inherited Sima Yi and Han Shu, which was an innovative move from generation to generation. Jia's essay "On Qin" is full of momentum; "Be a Teacher" is famous for later generations, and "Peach Blossom Garden" is enjoyable. Ci and Fu are prevalent, and Zhang Heng's The Second Beijing seems to be near misses. Literary criticism is also on the rise, and Wen Xin Diao Long is really superb. Parallel prose pursues formal beauty, and the novel is still rough at first. 3. The literature of the Tang Dynasty reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, and the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty" were extraordinary; Wang Yang and Luo Lu wrote metrical poems and memorized all the metrical poems and quatrains. The romantic poet pushed Li Bai and sang "Difficult Road to Shu" all the way. Realism is Du Fu, while Three Officials and Three Partings are unusual. Lotte advocates new Yuefu, and Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow are all famous. Pastoral school has Wang Meng, Gao and Cen sing frontier poems. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Li He "negotiated" with Duo and Jia Dao and passed them down from generation to generation. The rise of "Little Du Li" in the late Tang Dynasty: Since then, the dust has settled. Liu Han's ancient prose is innovative, and Epang Palace Fu has been sung for thousands of years. The legend of the Tang Dynasty has matured, and the representative work is Liu Yichuan. 4. Song Dynasty Literature Song Dynasty literature words are vast, divided into graceful and unconstrained. Liu Guan and Li Qingzhao are romantic and affectionate. Su Shi opened the bold school, and The River of No Return was full of high spirits. Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet, is in high spirits. Su San, Wang Zeng and Ouyang Xiu inherited Liu Han's writing. Although Gong Fan's works are few, the story of Yueyang Tower shines brilliantly. Lu Fangweng, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, still misses the idea of returning home in Shizi. Who hasn't died since ancient times? Future generations cherish the memory of Wen Tianxiang. General History Chronicle I, Zi Tongzhi Jane, Sima Guang. Shen Kuo, the author of Meng Qian's pen talk, is very famous. 5. There are three kinds of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty: Yuan, Ming and Qing, with different poems and collections. Zaju represents the four great masters, with Guan Hanqing as the first; Dou E's tragedy has been passed down through the ages, and the characters are the most vivid. The other three are Zheng Mabai, and The West Chamber has a good reputation. There were many excellent plays in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Peach Blossom Fan and Peony Pavilion are all chapters, and Four Great Classical Novels is the peak. "The Scholars" can't forget the popularity of "Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio", which has a short story style. Sanyan was edited by Feng Menglong. Fang Bao started Yao Nai, and his prose genre is called Tongcheng School. Gong Zizhen, a famous poet in the late Qing Dynasty, advised God.

3. What are the common literary common sense of poetry?

China ancient poetry culture originated from sacrificial ceremonies, sprouted from folk songs and flourished in chanting records. Unfortunately, the earliest extant collection of poems is The Book of Songs. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, it evolved into a Sao style, simple and profound, which is a unique branch of pre-Qin poetry culture. With the death of Qin and Han, Yuefu flourished and the poetry garden was renewed. When I entered Wei, I heard five words, especially the brilliant creation of "three sons of Cao" and "seven sons of Jian 'an". At the turn of Wei and Jin dynasties, there were "seven sages of bamboo forest"; There were three Zhang, two Lu, two Pan, one Zuo in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. During this period, the realm and vision of poetry were broadened, and singing became more and more popular. Things have changed, and the years have passed to the Song and Qi Dynasties in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There are four characters, five characters, six characters and seven characters, among which "Big and Small Xie", "The Ancestor of Seven Characters" and "Eight Friends of Jingling" stand out, with pastoral poems and landscape poems as the mainstay, beautiful and elegant, and Qi Liang style can be called the exclusive spring scenery before the Tang Dynasty. The prosperous Tang Dynasty is also a prosperous time for poetry. The work of rhyme, the beauty of rhyme, the precision of sentences and the breadth of artistic conception are really the pinnacle! However, although Du Li was crowned as a "poet saint", there are still stars shining through the ages! There are words in the poem, which have been seen in the northern and southern dynasties, and prevailed in the teaching workshop in the late Tang Dynasty. As for Da Song, it gradually jumped out of the string and became a ups and downs poem, which is unique in the history of poetry. Compared with poetry, ci has more extension and inheritance, and also shows hearty lyricism. There are thousands of Ci poets in Song Dynasty, and Yan Xin is the most outstanding one. In addition, it is true that there are thousands of epigrams rhyming, but it is not ancient to the predecessors, and later generations often tie their hands and feet and become the wind of lyrics. The interpretation of poetry in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties more and more catered to the needs of folk entertainment. As a result, "Street Melody" and "Country Square Minor" were very popular and eventually blossomed and became a wonderful song. There is a saying: there are no poems after the Tang Dynasty and no words after the Song Dynasty. Generally speaking, this is a generalized theory of poetic realm; In a narrow sense, not necessarily. Gao Qi's poems in Ming Dynasty have the brilliance of Han and Wei Dynasties and the beauty of Tang and Song Dynasties, which is quite a model of connecting the past with the future. Sighing that the green hills are there, writing is a taboo, risking embarrassment, and suffering from waist-cutting in the prime of life. It is better to say that there is no poetry after the literary inquisition than after the Tang Dynasty. As for the Qing Dynasty, there were many poets and countless poems, but most of them were smoked in the slippery air of princes, lacking character and few people handed down masterpieces. There are more than 10 thousand poems, but I haven't seen one or two. What can I say? However, it is Gong Zizhen and Banqiao who can admire integrity.

Ancient poetry originated from The Book of Songs, and imitated Qu Yuan after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It was written purely for singing, which is the lyrics now. Tang poetry is rich in images and personalized in style, which is influenced by Yuefu. Later, it developed into Song Dynasty, and there were Sanqu in Ming and Qing Dynasties, all of which were prepared for singing. Modern lyrics are richer. Poetry has rhyme, quatrains have words, and songs have tones. These laws only guide beginners. In fact, it is true that you feel it. Meng Haoran is a good poet who doesn't remember the pattern. Everything is developing, so is poetry. If you know something about level tone, rhyme, artistic conception and image, you will be much more free in prose poetry and modern poetry.

4. What are the common literary common sense of poetry?

1. The first female poet was Cai Yan (Wen Xi).

The first poetess was Li Qingzhao.

3. The first dictionary is Erya.

The first encyclopedia was Yongle Dadian.

5. The first book of poetry is The Book of Songs.

6. The first anthology: Zhao Ming Anthology

7. The first dictionary: Explain Chinese characters by explaining them.

8. The first collection of myths: Shan Hai Jing

9. China's first collection of classical novels: Shi Shuo Xin Yu

10. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese, Search for Ji Shen.

1 1. The first bibliography: The Analects of Confucius

The First Biography: Historical Records

12. The first chronicle book is: Spring and Autumn Period.

13. The first dynastic history: Hanshu

14. The first art book: The Art of War by Sun Tzu

15. Part II Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru

16. Yuefu Shuangbi: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, and chanting is the three wonders of Yuefu.

17. A mirror of historical records.

18. Erpai: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu)

19. Da Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu

20. Gemini in China's modern literary world: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo.

2 1. Three Immortals: Lide made meritorious service.

22. Three generations: Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

23. Three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan.

24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Duke of Shang Tang.

25. Sanshan: Yingzhou, the abbot of Penglai.

26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism

27. Sangong: During the week, Sima Situpu was ordinary.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Qiu was a doctor.

Qingming, Taishi, Taifu Taibao

28. Three Caos: Cao Cao and Cao Pizhi

29. Three elements of public security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao.

30. Sangu Building in Jiangnan: Yueyang Building in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang.

3 1. Three friends in the cold year: Songzhumei

32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng and Jing.

33. Three elements of scientific research: first after having obtained the provincial examination, first after taking the exam, first in palace examination, and first in the school (Huiyuan, champion).

34. the palace exam is three-fixed: the champion first explores flowers.

35. The three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Chinese Medicine and Chinese Painting.

36. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening the world (Feng Menglong)

37. Confucian Classic Three Rites: The Book of Rites of Zhou Li and Yi Li.

38. Three officials: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan and Tongguan official.

39. Three Farewells: Don't get old and homeless when you get married.

40. Guo Moruo's "Goddess" trilogy-the rebirth of Guo Xiang Tang Di's "Flower of the Goddess"

4 1. Mao Dun's "Erosion" Trilogy: The Pursuit of Disillusionment and Shake

Rural trilogy: Spring Silkworm Harvest in Autumn and Remaining Winter

42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of "Love": Fog, Rain and Electricity

Riptide trilogy: Spring and Autumn Homeland

43. The first national history: Mandarin

44. The first album recording the words and deeds of counselors and military strategists: National Policy and Warring States Policy.

45. The first historical prose with the theme of personal words and deeds: Yan Zi Chun Qiu.

46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan

47. The first narrative poem: Peacock Flying Southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words).

48. The first monograph on literary criticism-"Dian Lun Paper" (Cao Pi)

49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming

50. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Liu Xie, a native of A Liang, wrote his first monograph on literary theory and criticism, Wen Xin Diao Long.

5 1. The first monograph on poetry theory and criticism & Zhong Rong's Poems, born in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

5. Literary common sense of words

The original name of the word is "Quci" or "Quci", and it is also called long and short sentences, songs, Quci, Yuefu, music movement, musical interest and poetry, with music as its companion. From the music point of view, it is the same literary genre as Yuefu, and it also comes from folk literature. Later, like Yuefu, Ci gradually separated from music and became a unique poetic style, so some people called Ci "poetry". Scholars' Ci is deeply influenced by metrical poems, so there are many metrical sentences in Ci.

There are long words and short sentences, but the number of words in the whole article is certain. The level of each sentence is also certain

Characters can be roughly divided into three categories: (1) poem; (2) alto; (3) Long tune. Some people think that words below 58 are minor, words between 59 and 90 are middle key, and words below 9 1 are long key. Although this division is too absolute, the general situation is still the same.

There are already some medium-long tunes in Dunhuang Quzi Ci. Liu Yong wrote some long tunes in the early Song Dynasty. Su Shi, Qin Guan, Huang Tingjian and others followed closely, and long tunes became popular. The characteristics of long tunes, in addition to the large number of words, are that the rhyme is generally sparse.

Longer words can also be divided into two, three and four tones.

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6. Literary knowledge about words

Ci is one of China's ancient poems.

It began in Liang Dynasty, formed in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. According to Old Tang Book; "Since Kaiyuan (the year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty), singers have mixed the songs of Okoyi Lane."

Due to the wide spread of music; At that time, there were many talented musicians in the city who made a living by singing. According to the need to coordinate the lyrics with the music beat, they created or adapted some long and short sentence lyrics, which are the earliest words. It can also be seen from Dunhuang Quzi Ci that the words produced by the people are decades earlier than those created by the literati.

Folk words in the Tang Dynasty mostly reflect themes such as love and acacia, so they are not elegant in the eyes of literati. It is considered a poetic path.

Only those who pay attention to absorbing the artistic advantages of folk songs, such as Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi, write some words with simple and natural style and full of rich life flavor. Wen Tingyun and the "Huajian School" in the Five Dynasties, which are famous for their rich ci works, have a certain position in the history of ci.

However, Li Houzhu's poems after his capture in the Southern Tang Dynasty opened up a new and profound artistic realm, which strongly infected later poets. Ci originated from the folk, but it was difficult to see folk works in the study before 1900 Dunhuang stone room was opened.

It was not until the lyrics and songs of Dunhuang manuscripts came out that these defects were made up. There are a lot of Dunhuang lyrics and songs.

There are five poems by Wen, () and Ouyang Jiong, and the rest are anonymous. The author has a wide range of subordinates, and his writing time began from the last years of Wu Zetian to the Five Dynasties.

Among them, the most important one is "Yun Yao Ji Za Ge", with 30 words. The copying time was not later than the first year of Hou Liang Ganhua (9 1 1), and it was nearly 30 years earlier than the compilation of Huajianji (940 in the third year of Zheng Guang, Shu Dynasty). Except Neijiajiao, all the other 12 songs are included in Jiao Fangji's List of Songs.

Among them are slow characters and couplets. The early creation of Dunhuang Ci and the folk origin of the author's creation make the works show transitional characteristics in content, system and language style, and initially break away from the general cultural system of poetry and begin to become independent adults.

The postscript of Zhu Zumou's "Yunyao Zaqu" said: "It is a simple and gratifying poem, and it is a big song that relies on the sound of the vertebral wheel." It can be used to evaluate the whole Dunhuang ci.

[Edit this paragraph] The part of speech was originally called "Quci" or "Quci", also known as long and short sentences, songs, Quci, Yuefu, music movements, musical tastes, poems, and accompanied by music. From the music point of view, it is the same literary genre as Yuefu, and it also comes from folk literature.

Later, like Yuefu, Ci gradually separated from music and became a unique poetic style, so some people called Ci "poetry". Scholars' Ci is deeply influenced by metrical poems, so there are many metrical sentences in Ci.

There are long words and short sentences, but the number of words in the whole article is certain. The level of each sentence is also certain

Characters can be roughly divided into three categories: (1) poem; (2) alto; (3) Long tune. Some people think that words below 58 are minor, words between 59 and 90 are middle key, and words below 9 1 are long key.

Although this division is too absolute, the general situation is still the same. There are already some medium-long tunes in Dunhuang Quzi Ci.

Liu Yong wrote some long tunes in the early Song Dynasty. Su Shi, Qin Guan, Huang Tingjian and others followed closely, and long tunes became popular.

The characteristics of long tunes, in addition to the large number of words, are that the rhyme is generally sparse. Longer words can also be divided into two, three and four tones.

Topics added before words by predecessors when writing words. When the literary genre of Ci first appeared, the tone and theme of Ci were basically integrated.

Later, the content of the word was gradually separated from the tone of the word, and the tone of the word was not enough to express the content of the word, which led to the addition of the word title, which began in the Song Dynasty. For example, Su Dongpo's "More Leak" (the name of the word), plus "Send Sun Juyuan", explains why this word was written, and this is the title of this word.

[Edit this paragraph] epigraph epigraph is the name of the word format. The format of words is different from that of metrical poems: there are only four formats of metrical poems, but there are always more than 1000 formats of words (these formats are called music scores).

People can't call them the first class, the second class and so on, so they are given some names. These names are epigrams.

Sometimes, several formats share a epigraph because they are several variants of the same format; Sometimes, the same format has several names, just because the names are different. About the origin of epigraph, there are three situations: (1) is the name of music at first.

For example, Bodhisattva Man is said to be due to the tribute paid by the female country in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. They wear a high bun, a golden crown and garlands (garlands are jewelry worn on their bodies), like bodhisattvas. At that time, the teaching workshop was also divided into "Bodhisattva Manqu".

It is said that Tang Yizong loved to sing the word "Bodhisattva Crossing the River", which was a popular song at that time. "Xijiang Moon", "Pine Wind" and "Recent Flowers" all belong to this category.

These are folk tunes. (2) Choose a few words from a word as an inscription.

For example, Qin Yi E, because the first two sentences of the first word written in this format are "Xiao Shengyan, dreams are broken", so the epigraph is called E, also called E. Memorizing Jiangnan was originally named Wang Jiangnan, also known as Xie Qiuniang. But Bai Juyi has a poem praising "Jiangnan is good", and the last sentence is "Can you forget Jiangnan", so the epigraph is also called memorizing Jiangnan.

Dream as a Dream was originally named Yi Xian Zi and later renamed Dream as a Dream, which was written by Zhuang Zong in the late Tang Dynasty. Niannujiao is also called no return to the river, because Su Shi has a poem "Niannujiao", and the first sentence is "No return to the river".

It is also called "the moon on the Yangtze River" because the last three words of Su Shi are "the moon on the Yangtze River". (3) It is the topic of words.

The lyrics of "On a Horse" are about dancing, the lyrics of "Dancing on a Horse" are about dancing on a horse, the songs of swimming are about boating, the songs of fishermen are about fishing, the sand of waves is about the sand of waves, the music of throwing balls is about throwing hydrangeas, and the lost son is about the night. This situation is the most common.

Where the epigraph is marked with "original intention", that is to say, the epigraph is also a topic, and there are no other topics. But most words don't use the original meaning, so there are prefixes besides epigrams.

Generally, the topic is marked with smaller words under the inscription.

7. Common literary knowledge about "Ci"

Pinyin of words: what is a word? Ci is a new style that emerged in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, after a long period of continuous development, it entered its heyday.

Ci, also known as Quzi Ci, Long and Short Ci and Poem Leisure, is a kind of songs and poems full of Yan music. Poetry and words belong to the category of verse, but poetry is only used for chanting and words are used for singing.

The form of words has the following characteristics: 1. Every word has a musical tone (epigraph). Generally speaking, the tone of a word is not the theme of the word, but only a score.

In the Song Dynasty, some poets often added topics or wrote prefaces to express the meaning of words. 2. Words are generally divided into two paragraphs (called upper and lower paragraphs or upper and lower paragraphs), and few words are not segmented or not segmented.

Generally speaking, the number of words in tones and the length of sentences are fixed and have a certain format. 4. The sentence patterns of words are uneven, and they are basically long and short sentences.

5. The rules of phonology in words are particularly strict, and words should be hierarchical. The tone of each word has its own rules, which are different. Interpretation ① The smallest unit that can be used independently in a language: dictionary | noun | improper use of words.

2 statement; Words: lines | lyrics | words can't convey meaning. (3) An ancient form of poetry with different sentences: Ci Qu | Song Ci.

Vocabulary is a general term for words used in a language, such as Chinese vocabulary and English vocabulary. To master a language skillfully, we should not only read, listen and speak more, but also master certain vocabulary.

Ci originated in the Five Dynasties and Tang Dynasty, which is a popular literary genre in the Song Dynasty. Stylistic name is a kind of verse form of poetry, which developed from five-character poems, seven-character poems or folk songs, originated in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty.

Originally, it was a poetic style sung by music, and the length of the sentence changed with the tune of the song, so it was also called long and short sentences. There are two kinds of poems and slow words, which are generally divided into upper and lower ones. These words were originally called "Quci" or "Quci", accompanied by music.

From the music point of view, it is the same literary genre as Yuefu, and it also comes from folk literature. Later, like Yuefu, Ci gradually separated from music and became a unique poetic style, so some people called Ci "poetry".

Scholars' Ci is deeply influenced by metrical poems, so there are many metrical sentences in Ci. There are long words and short sentences, but the number of words in the whole article is certain.

The level of each sentence is also certain Characters can be roughly divided into three categories: (1) poem; (2) alto; (3) Long tune.

Some people think that words below 58 are minor, words between 59 and 90 are middle key, and words below 9 1 are long key. Although this division is too absolute, the general situation is still the same.

There are already some medium-long tunes in Dunhuang Quzi Ci. Liu Yong wrote some long tunes in the early Song Dynasty.

Su Shi, Qin Guan, Huang Tingjian and others followed closely, and long tunes became popular. The characteristics of long tunes, in addition to the large number of words, are generally sparse phonology.

A word card is the name of a word format. The format of words is different from that of metrical poems: there are only four formats of metrical poems, but there are always more than 1000 formats of words (these formats are called music scores).

People can't call them the first class, the second class and so on, so they are given some names. These names are epigrams.

Sometimes, several formats share a epigraph because they are several variants of the same format; Sometimes, the same format has several names, just because the names are different. About the origin of epigraph, there are three situations: (1) is the name of music at first.

For example, Bodhisattva Man is said to be due to the tribute paid by the female country in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. They wear a high bun, a golden crown and garlands (garlands are jewelry worn on their bodies), like bodhisattvas. At that time, the teaching workshop was also divided into "Bodhisattva Manqu".

It is said that Tang Yizong loved to sing the word "Bodhisattva Crossing the River", which was a popular song at that time. "Xijiang Moon", "Pine Wind" and "Recent Flowers" all belong to this category.

These are folk tunes. (2) Choose a few words from a word as an inscription.

For example, Qin Yi E, because the first two sentences of the first word written in this format are "Xiao Shengyan, dreams are broken", so the epigraph is called E, also called E. Memorizing Jiangnan was originally named Wang Jiangnan, also known as Xie Qiuniang. But Bai Juyi has a poem praising "Jiangnan is good", and the last sentence is "Can you forget Jiangnan", so the epigraph is also called memorizing Jiangnan.

Dream as a Dream was originally named Yi Xian Zi and later renamed Dream as a Dream, which was written by Zhuang Zong in the late Tang Dynasty. Niannujiao is also called no return to the river, because Su Shi has a poem "Niannujiao", and the first sentence is "No return to the river".

It is also called "the moon on the Yangtze River" because the last three words of Su Shi are "the moon on the Yangtze River". (3) It is the topic of words.

The lyrics of "On a Horse" are about dancing, the lyrics of "Dancing on a Horse" are about dancing on a horse, the songs of swimming are about boating, the songs of fishermen are about fishing, the sand of waves is about the sand of waves, the music of throwing balls is about throwing hydrangeas, and the lost son is about the night. This situation is the most common.

Where the epigraph is marked with "original intention", that is to say, the epigraph is also a topic, and there are no other topics. But most words don't use the original meaning, so there are prefixes besides epigrams.

Generally, the topic is marked with smaller words under the inscription. In this case, the inscription has nothing to do with the inscription.

A "Waves on the Beach" is not about waves or sand at all; A poem "Recalling Jiangnan" can also not talk about Jiangnan at all. In this way, the epigraph is the word spectrum.

Second, monosyllabic, disyllabic, triple and quadruple words are different from monosyllabic, disyllabic, triple and quadruple words. A monotonous word is often a poem.

It's like a poem, but only a long and short sentence. For example, there are generally two styles of writing: bold and graceful.