Lu You's Common Sense of Literature

Southern Song Dynasty writer, historian and patriotic poet.

Lu Yousheng was deeply influenced by family patriotism when he was a teenager. When I was in Song Gaozong, I took the does exam, but my career was not smooth because I was rejected by Qin Gui.

Song Xiaozong was born a scholar after he acceded to the throne. He used to be the master book of Ningde County, Fuzhou, the official of deleting government decrees, and the judge of Longxing House. Because he insisted on resisting gold, he was repeatedly rejected by the Lord and factions. In seven years, at the invitation of Sichuan ambassador Wang Yan, he joined the army and worked in Nanzheng shogunate.

The following year, the shogunate was dissolved, Lu You entered Shu and met Fan Chengda. After Song Guangzong succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to Doctor of Rites and Reviser of History Museum. Soon after, he was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown for "mocking romantics".

In the second year of Jiatai, Song Ningzong called Lu You to Beijing, presided over the compilation of Filial Piety, Records of Guangzong Dynasty and History of Three Dynasties, and his official position was to be determined. Jiading died in the second year (12 10), leaving the last book "Xiuer".

Lu You never stopped writing all his life, and his poems and essays have made great achievements. His poetic language is simple and fluent, and his composition is rigorous and orderly. He has both Li Bai's boldness and boldness and Du Fu's melancholy and sadness, especially his patriotic enthusiasm, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations.

Ci and prose have also achieved great success. Liu Kezhuang's "Continued Poems in Houcun" said that his words were "impassioned, but Jiaxuan failed". He ordered 85 volumes of Nanbo Poems and collected more than 9,000 poems.

There are also 50 volumes of Weinan Selected Works (including 6 volumes of Confucianism and 2 volumes of Ci), Old Notes, Southern Tang Book 10 and so on. Calligraphy is vigorous and unrestrained, and the ink is "bitter and cold."

Extended data:

Lu You has many literary talents, especially his achievements in poetry. He claimed to have written more than 9,300 poems in 60 years, which can be roughly divided into three periods: before he entered Shu at the age of 46, he tended to be in the form of words. From entering Shu to retiring at the age of 64, it is the mature period of his poetry creation, and it is also a period of great changes in his poetry style. He changed from "algae painting" in his early years to pursuing unrestrained style, full of fighting atmosphere and patriotic feelings. After living in his hometown of Yin Shan in his later years, his poetic style tends to be simple and plain, showing an idyllic flavor, and from time to time revealing desolate life feelings.

Baidu encyclopedia-Lu you.

2. Lu You's literary knowledge is 80 words.

Lu You Lu You (1125-1210), a military attache, was born in Yinshan, Yuezhou (Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and was an official for generations, with a literary education. In the second year of his birth, Jin Bing captured Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. After the exhibition, he returned to Yin Shan. Lu Zai and his friendship often talked about state affairs, so that they were too sad to eat, and gave Lu You a deep patriotic education. At the age of 20, I married my uncle's daughter Tang Wan, and the couple had a good relationship. But Lu You's mother didn't like Tang Wan and forced them to break up. After the divorce, thinking of Tang Wan became a pain in his life. Lu You has been studious since childhood, aged 29 (65438. Because he was listed as the grandson of Qin Gui before, and because he did not forget the national humiliation and liked to talk about restoration, he was envied by Qin Gui. His name was deleted in the second interview. It was not until Qin Gui's death that Lu You was used. He had put forward many political opinions to Emperor Gaozong (Zhao Gou), hoping that the imperial court would be benevolent, abolish punishment and love the people. These suggestions were not adopted, which aroused the emperor's disgust and was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown. After Song Xiaozong acceded to the throne. Later, when Zhang Jun lost the first battle of the Northern Expedition, the ruling clique immediately wavered and embarked on the old road of yielding and seeking peace. Lu You was accused of "making protests, clamoring for right and wrong, and urging Zhang Jun to use troops", and was ousted and returned to his hometown. Lu You lived in his hometown near Yinshanjing Lake for five years, applied for jobs many times, and was finally sentenced by General Kuizhou. After his term of office, he was promoted by Sichuan and Shaanxi. I can't help but stretch. He wrote many patriotic poems. He put forward many suggestions for opening up the Central Plains. However, harmony has become the national policy of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Lu You's proposition cannot be realized. In the second year (1 175), Lu You was invited to his Shuaifu as a Senate officer in Fan Chengda Town. He and Fan Chengda are poetry friends and have a deep friendship. This caused ridicule from colleagues. Because he drank excessively, and his ambition to resist national rejuvenation and personal fame and fortune could not be continued for a long time, he even drowned his sorrows by drinking, and often took "drinking without a towel, seeing the mountain from the pillar" as his pride. This aroused the dissatisfaction of colleagues, saying that he was "informal and arrogant". Therefore, this period is the most fruitful period of Lu's poetry creation. To this end, he named all his poems "the manuscript of bo nan". In the fifth spring of Xichun (1 178), the poet left eastern Sichuan and first worked as a local official in Jiangxi for a period of time. Because he opened a warehouse to help the victims, he was opposed by big bureaucrats and was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown on the charge of "exceeding his authority." And constantly put it in poetry creation, so he was charged with "mocking romance" and was dismissed again. The poet was indignant at this. After returning to his hometown, he named Jinghu's former residence "Fengyuexuan" as a mockery. Since then, the poet has lived in the countryside for a long time. When Han Zhou came to power, Lu You worked as a historian for a year to establish himself. The poet has close ties with farmers. He drinks and chats with them, sees a doctor and applies medicine, and also takes part in some labor. When they meet him, they often stop farming and entertain, and their children are mostly in the name of Lu Zi. Lu you, who lives in seclusion, has always been concerned about the motherland and has been looking forward to washing away the national humiliation. In the second year of Jiading (1210)1February 29th, the 85-year-old poet finally passed away with regret. The remarkable feature of Lu You's works is the spirit of patriotism. No matter how many blows he suffered, his patriotic belief in restoring China never changed. Therefore, he can't help but hate the corrupt surrender of the authorities. The poet showed deep concern and sympathy for the suffering people. At the same time, he also writes long poems. Lu You's poems are characterized by realism, boldness, clarity and fluency.

3. Several high school literature common sense questions 1, Historical Records, China No.1 (), also known as.

1. Biography is a general history, Taishi Gongshu, biography, table, book, family, biography. "Historians sing a swan song, Li Sao has no rhyme", Zi 2. Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), with a profound name and distinctive characters; Call yourself Mr. Wu Liu; Mr. posthumous title Jingjie. 3. Han Yu (768~824), known as Han Changli in the world, is a famous writer and educator in China. He actively advocated the ancient prose movement and restored the simple style of writing in ancient times. 4. Ziziyou, a guest, is an old man. He was an essayist in the Song Dynasty. Together with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Shi, they are called "Three Sus". An outstanding romantic poet. His poems are rich in imagination, unrestrained in emotion, magnificent in image and vivid in language. He is good at Yuefu quatrains, and many of them have become immortals. Therefore, it is called "Poet Fairy". 6. Lu You's view of Ci (1152 ~1210). There are more than 9300 poems. 7. Su Shi (65,438+0037 ~ 65,438+065,438+0 years), known as Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi, was a politician, writer and literary leader in the Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci and prose. 8. Symplectic words (655438)

4. Answers to common sense in literature

Collection of Common Sense of Chinese Literature in Senior High School 1. The literature from ancient China to Qin Shihuang's unification of China (22 BC1year) is called pre-Qin literature.

Myth existed before the invention of writing. Myth is full of rich imagination and is the source of China's romantic literature.

3. The most popular myths in China are "Goddess of mending the sky", "Houyi shooting at the sun", "Jingwei filling the sea" and "Goddess of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon". 4. Shangshu is the earliest collection of historical documents in China, and it is said that it was edited by Confucius.

5. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, including 305 pieces of music from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. 6. The Songs of Chu was compiled by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, which included the poems of Qu Yuan and Song Yu. Because of its Chu voice, it is called Chu Ci, which has a far-reaching influence on later literary creation.

7. Qu Yuan is a great patriotic poet in China, and Li Sao is his masterpiece. 8. "The road to Xiu Yuan is long and the road to Xiu Yuan is long, and I will go up and down to find it" is a famous sentence in Qu Yuan's Lisao.

9. Pre-Qin prose refers to the prose in the pre-Qin period, which is divided into historical prose and various schools of thought prose. Zuo Zhuan and Warring States Policy are the representatives of historical prose in the pre-Qin period.

The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Mozi and Zhuangzi are the representatives of pre-Qin hundred schools of thought. 10, Zuo Zhuan is China's first narrative historical work, which has made great achievements in history, literature and language.

1 1. The Analects of Confucius is a documentary collection of essays, which recorded the words and deeds of Confucius and his students and was written by Confucius' students. This Confucian classic has a great influence on China culture.

12, "Isn't it a pleasure to have friends from afar?" (It's a great pleasure to have friends from afar) "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you" (don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you), which is a famous saying in The Analects of Confucius. 13, Han Fu is a new literary form in Han Dynasty.

This is a poetic essay. Jia Yi was an outstanding politician and writer in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty.

His most famous essay is on Qin, a political essay. 15, Sima Xiangru was an outstanding writer of Ci and Fu in the Western Han Dynasty, with Zi Xufu and Shanglin Fu as his representative works.

16, Historical Records is a historical book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian in the Western Han Dynasty, and also a model of biographical literature. 17, Yuefu folk songs in the Han Dynasty played an important role in the history of China's poetry development.

Yuefu originally refers to the musical organ established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Later, people called the poems collected, sorted out and preserved by Yuefu organs Yuefu poems. 18 Peacock Flying Southeast is an outstanding long narrative poem in ancient China, which tells the love tragedy of a young man and woman, and is the peak of the development of narrative poems in Han Yuefu.

19, Nineteen Ancient Poems is a group of anonymous short poems in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which is the development of Yuefu folk songs and marks the mature stage of five-character poetry skills. 20. During the Jian 'an period at the end of the Han Dynasty, a group of poets inherited the realistic spirit of the folk songs of Yuefu in Han Dynasty and had a unique style of "generosity and sadness", which was called "Jian 'an style".

2 1. The representative writers of Jian 'an literature are Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, collectively known as "Three Caos". 22. "An old horse crouches in a tiger, with a thousand miles of ambition, a martyr is courageous in his twilight years" is a famous sentence in Cao Cao's "Although a turtle lives long", which shows the heroic mind of being old and strong.

23. Cai Yan, Wen Xi, Jian 'an poetess. Her five-word poems of grief and indignation show the sufferings brought to the people by the political turmoil in the late Han Dynasty.

24. Ruan Ji was the writer with the highest literary achievement in Zhengshi period, with 82 five-character poems, collectively referred to as "Huaishi". 25. Tao Yuanming was a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 3 17 420).

His poems are called "pastoral poets" because of their idyllic quiet life scenes. 26. The Peach Blossom Garden written by Tao Yuanming in his later period marks that his thoughts and art have reached a new height, and the poet put forward the social ideal of "Xanadu" here.

27. The lyric poem "Song of the Western Zhou Dynasty" represents the highest achievement of folk songs in the Southern Dynasty (420-589 AD). 28. "The sky is grey, the wild is boundless, the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low" is a poem in the northern folk song "Song of Chile", which describes the scenery of the northern prairie.

29. Mulan Poetry is an outstanding masterpiece of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties, which describes the touching story of the heroine Hua Mulan joining the army instead of her father. 30. Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, was the pioneer of the school of landscape poetry.

3 1, Gan Bao's quest for the gods is the representative of strange novels in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. 32. Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a short essay written by Liu Yiqing, which records the words and deeds and interesting stories of some characters in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It is vivid and concise.

33. Wen Xin Diao Long is a literary criticism work, which has a great influence on later literary criticism. 34. Zhong Rong's Shi Pin is a work of poetry criticism, which has a great influence on later poetry criticism.

35. Poetry, prose and novels were very developed in the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907), especially in the Tang Dynasty. There were many great poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and so on.

37. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, writers of the Tang Dynasty, launched the ancient prose movement. 38. The development of Tang poetry can be roughly divided into four stages: early Tang, prosperous Tang, middle Tang and late Tang.

39. There are more than 50,000 Tang poems that have been handed down today, which is two or three times the sum of previous poems. 40. Poetry in the Tang Dynasty can be divided into ancient poetry and modern poetry.

There is no limit to the number of archaic sentences, and the level of each sentence is more free. There are two kinds of near-forms: metrical poems and quatrains.

The rhythm is rigorous, each song consists of four parts and eight sentences, and the middle should be reversed. There are rules for metrical poems and quatrains.

There are five words and seven words in ancient poetry and modern poetry. 4 1. The four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty were Lu, Luo, Luo, Yang Jiong.

42. Wang Bo wrote the famous Preface to Wang Teng-ting, one of the most famous words is "The sunset is lonely in Qi Fei, and the autumn waters are * * * and the sky is one color". 43. At the age of seven, Luo wrote the famous poem Ode to Goose: "Goose, Goose, Goose, Xiang Tiange has a crooked neck.

White feathers, floating in green water; The red soles of the feet stir the clear water. 44. Chen Ziang was a famous poet after the four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty. He opposed the beautiful style of the Six Dynasties and advocated the elegant poetic style.

45. The famous pastoral poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Meng Haoran and Wang Wei. Their poems show the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland and the natural simplicity of the countryside, with pictures and paintings.

46. The famous frontier poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Gao Shi and Cen Can. Their poems show the frontier scenery of the motherland and the pioneering spirit of the Tang people.

47. Wang Changling is a famous poet who wrote seven-character quatrains, and Bunker is his generation.

5. What are the common sense questions in literature?

Author's work: 1. Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong 2. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, also known as "Liu Han", were advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty.

3. Father and son poets: Su Xun (Lao Su), Su Shi (Da Su) and Su Zhe (Xiao Su). 4. Bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, also known as "Su Xin"; Graceful lyricist: Li Qingzhao (poetess) 5. Du Li: Li Bai and Du Fu.

Xiao: Li Shangyin and Du Mu. 6. Qu Yuan: the earliest great poet in China. He initiated the new poetic style of "Chu Ci" and the romantic style of China's poetry.

7. Confucius, named Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is the founder of Confucianism, known as "Confucius Sage" and Mencius as "Yasheng", both of whom are called "Confucius and Mencius". 8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting."

9. Du Fu was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty. His poems reflect the social reality extensively and profoundly, and are called "the history of poetry", so Du Fu is honored as a "poet saint". There are three famous officials: Tongguan officials, Shi Hao officials and Xin 'an officials. "Three Farewells": wedding farewell, farewell to the old and welcome the new, and homelessness. 10. China's first biographical general history is Historical Records (also known as Taishi Gongshu), written by Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty. Lu Xun called Historical Records "the swan song of historians", including: 12 biographies, 30, 70 and 650.

1 1, Four Histories: Historical Records, Han History, Later Han History, History of the Three Kingdoms. 12, four masters of the Yuan Dynasty: Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan.

13, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is the first excellent collection of short stories in classical Chinese in China, written by Pu Songling, a famous novelist in Qing Dynasty. "Liaozhai" is the name of his library, "Zhi" is a narrative, and "Alien" is a strange thing.

14, four great calligraphers: Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Ou Yangxun, Zhao Mengfu 15, 100 major schools in the warring States period and their representatives: Confucianism, Confucius, Mencius, Legalism, Han Feizi, Taoism, Zhuangzi, Li Ezi, Mohism, Mozi 16, and four great calligraphers in the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Changling 18, Tang Zong: Emperor Taizong, Li Shimin, Song Zu, Song Taizu, Zhao Kuangyin, Qin Huang, Qin Shihuang, Ying Zheng, Hanwu, Emperor Liu Che 19, and the first pastoral poet in China was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, who "fought five fights without breaking his waist". 20. Four misers in world literature: Grandet, Shylock, Overflow Higgins and Abalone.

2 1, a typical miser in China: Yan Jiansheng. Third, China literature is the best: the earliest collection of poems is The Book of Songs; The earliest patriotic poet was Qu Yuan; The earliest pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The earliest and most outstanding frontier poets were Gao Shi and Cen Can in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The most outstanding uninhibited poet in ancient times was Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty. The most outstanding poetess in ancient times was Li Qingzhao in the Southern Song Dynasty. The most famous patriotic poet in ancient times was Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty. The greatest romantic poet in ancient times was Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty. The greatest realistic poet in ancient times was Du Fu in Tang Dynasty. The patriotic poet who wrote the most poems in ancient times was Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty. The most famous novel in ancient times was The Journey to the West in Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty. The most famous historical novel in ancient times is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong in the early Ming Dynasty. The earliest novel of peasant uprising in ancient times was Shi Naian's Water Margin at the end of Yuan and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. The greatest realistic novel in ancient times was A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin in Qing Dynasty. The most outstanding satirical novel in ancient times is Wu's Scholars in Qing Dynasty. The most outstanding collection of classical short stories in ancient China is Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty. The earliest recorded prose in ancient times was The Analects of Confucius. The earliest chronicle work in ancient times was Zuo Zhuan. The earliest biographical history in ancient times was Historical Records. The most outstanding inscription in ancient times was Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription in Tang Dynasty. The greatest writer in modern times is Lu Xun; The most outstanding novel in modern times is Midnight by Mao Dun. The most influential collection of short stories in modern times is Lu Xun's Scream.

1. The first female poet was Cai Yan (Wen Xi). 2. The general history of the first biography: Historical Records. 3. The first dictionary is Erya. The first encyclopedia is Yongle Grand Ceremony. 5. The first book of poetry is The Book of Songs. 6. The first anthology is Selected Works of Zhao Ming. 7. The first dictionary is: Explaining the text. +00. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese: Search Ji Shen 1 1. The first quotation: The Analects of Confucius 12. The first chronicle book is: Chunqiu 13. The first dynastic history: Han Shu 14. The first art book: Sun Tzu's Art of War. Sima Xiangru 16. Yuefu Shuang Bao: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, Yin Jia.

... this is the first time I heard this news. Two beats: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu) 19. Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu 20. The Gemini of China's Modern Literature: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo 2 1. 23. Three Biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals: Biography of Zuo Ram and Biography of 24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Shang Tang and Duke Zhou. Sanshan: Penglai abbot Yingzhou 26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 27. Sangong: Zhou Wei, Sima Situ, Sikong, Western Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Tai Wei, Imperial censor Qingming, Taishitai Taibao 28. Three Cao Cao: the twenty-ninth Cao Cao and Cao Pi. Third Hospital of Public Security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao 30. Jiangnan Sangu Building: Yueyang Tower, Wuchang Yellow Crane Tower, Hunan 3 1. Three friends in cold years: Song 32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng, Jing 33. Three elements in scientific research: after having obtained the township entrance examination, taking the senior high school entrance examination, palace examination and Zi. Top scholar) 34. The court exam is three ding Jia: the top 35. Three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Chinese Painting. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening (Feng Menglong) 37. Three Confucian Classics: Zhou's Book of Rites 38. Sanzang: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan, Tongguan official 39. Three Farewells: Newly married, don't be old, don't be homeless. Flower 4 1 in Tang Di, Guo Xiang. Mao Dun's trilogy "Erosion": disillusionment shakes the pursuit of the countryside trilogy: the harvest of spring silkworms in autumn and winter is still 42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of Love: Fog, Rain and Electricity Trilogy of Riptide: Home, Spring and Autumn 43. First national history: Mandarin 44. The first one.