Zuo Chuanzhuang Gong's sixteen-year translation

Chu Jin Yanling Station (16 years of Chenggong)

-External expansion cannot cure political diseases.

original text

In June, Jin and Chu met in Yanling (1). Fan Wenzi doesn't want to fight. I want to say: "In the Korean War, the advantages of the public were weak (2); In the battle of Ji, there was no disobedience; Secretory teachers, l B no longer from (4); Promotion is a shame! I also see the gentleman's business, and now I am ashamed. " Wen Zi said, "I fought hard before you, so there is a reason. Qin, Di and Chu are all very strong. If you don't try your best, your descendants will be weak. Today, the top three are convinced, only the enemy Chu. Only saints can obtain security from the outside. Since you are not a saint (6), you must have internal worries outside. Do you think you are afraid of the outside world? "

(7) Xu, pressed Jin Jun and Chen. Military officials suffered greatly. Fan Yi advanced to (8) and said, "Blocking wells and reducing stoves (9) is an example of the army, but the first line is sparse (10). Chu Jin is a godsend, so why bother? " Wen Zi said, "The survival of a country depends on heaven. What does this kid know? " Yi Shu said, "Teacher Chu is frivolous (1 1), but after waiting for him, he will leave in three days. Retreat wins. " Zhi said, "Chu has six rooms (12), so don't lose them. They two ministers are evil (13)! King's Death and Old Age (14); Zheng Chen is not a whole; The barbarian army is not Chen (15); Chen does not violate the darkness (16); Chen (17) adds noise. Add to the noise. Take care of each other, don't have the heart of fighting, don't be bad in the old days, and I will break the taboo (18). "

Chu Yu boarded the nest car to see the Jin army (19). The son asked Da Zabo's plow to stay with the Queen (20). The king said, "If you succeed, how can you control yourself?" He said, "Gather the officers." "All gathered in Zhong Jun." Yue: "It is also right to seek." "Zhang curtain." Yue: "Qian Bu is also a saint (2 1)." "This is the end of the curtain." Yue: "I will send my life." "It's noisy and dusty." He said, "I want to seal the well and burn the stove." "They all ride, and they drop around with their troops." He said, "Listen to the oath. (22) On War said, "I don't know." "Go left and right." Said, "Pray for war. "Bozhou plough with male pawn sued the king. Miao Benhuang was also accused by the king on the side of Hou (23) in the Jin Dynasty. They all said: "The national scholar is here, and the thickness (24) cannot be taken lightly. "Emperor Miao Ben said to the marquis of Jin:" Chu Zhiliang (25) was only a royal family in the army. Please divide the attack between the left and right sides. If the three armies are superior to the king, they will be defeated (26). Publicly, it's out of order. His divination met Fu (27) and said,' South China (28), shot it (29), and the middle disappeared.' What if the country is defeated and the king is injured and we are unbeaten? "Public from it.

To annotate ...

(1) Yanling: the place name of the State of Zheng, in today's Yanling, Henan. (2) Fan Wenzi: that is, the evil teacher. Weak brigade: A weak army brigade means defeat. (3) Xian Zhen: Commander-in-Chief of the Jin Army in the Basket Campaign. No disobedience: you can't go back to China to take orders. (4) Bi: The place name of Zheng State is in the northwest of Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. L B: that is, l L's father, the commander-in-chief of the Jin army in the battle of secretion. Never again: you can't retreat from the original road, or you run away. (5) qi: many times. (6) from: if. (7) Hey: The last day of every month in the summer calendar. (8) Gai: Fan Wenzi, son of Shi Xie, also known as Fan. Forward: fast forward. (9) Plug: Filling. Yi: Ping. (10) Thread end: lane. Clear the line: clear the passage between teams. (1 1) frivolous: frivolous, indicating that soldiers are frivolous and impatient. (12): intermittent and defective. (13) Qing Er; The weight of the finger and the reciprocal of the finger. Opposite: disharmony. (14) The king's soldiers are all nobles. (15) Barbarian army: refers to the southern minority army brought by Chu. (16) Dark Day: No dark day. The ancients thought it inappropriate to use troops at the end of the month. (17) Buzz: noisy. (18) taboo: refers to fighting on a bad day. (19) Zi Chu: refers to the king of Chu. Nest car: a personnel car with a watchtower, used to look at the distance (20) Bozhou plow: the son of Bozong, a doctor of the State of Jin, fled to Chu after Bozong died and became a butcher. (2 1) piety: sincerity. B: Divination. (22) Listen to the oath: Listen to the oath issued by the head coach. (23) Emperor Miaoben: the son of Yin Doujiao, who was ordered by the State of Chu. (24) Guo Shi: junior high school selected soldiers. Thick: refers to a large number of people. (25) Good: Good soldier. Extraction: concentration. @ Fu: The divinatory name of Zhouyi. @ Southland: refers to Chu State. Kick. Awkward. 4 Yuan Wang: Fuehrer, referring to the King of Chu.

translate

In summer and June, Jin and Chu joined forces in Yanling. Shi Xie doesn't want to go to war with Chu Jun. He wanted to say: "In the battle of Qin, Jin and Han, Gong Hui failed to return home with the whole army;" In the battle of Jin and Di, the coach failed to come back to me; In the war between the State of Jin and the State of Chu, the father of the King of Yue was defeated and fled. These are the great shame of the state of Jin! You have seen the war of the late king, and now we are hiding from the Chu army, which is even worse. Shi Xie said, "There is a reason why my father was defeated in many wars. Qin, Di and Chu are all powerful countries. If we don't try our best, future generations will be weakened. Now the three great powers of Qin, Di and Qin have all surrendered to the enemy, and there is only one State of Chu. Only saints can make the country worry-free inside and outside. Not a saint, there must be internal troubles when there are external ones. Why not let Chu go for a while and keep Jin vigilant? "

On June 29, the last day of the end of the month, the Chu army approached the 8 Jin Army early in the morning and set up its position. The officers of the Jin army were afraid. Fan Yi hurried forward and said, "Fill the well, start a stove, occupy a position in his barracks, and clear the road between the teams. Jin and Chu belong to God's will. What is there to worry about? " Shi Xie was so angry that he picked up Ge and drove him out, saying, "The survival of the country depends on God's will. What do children know? " Yi Shu said, "The Chu army is frivolous and noisy. We waited at the camp. After three days, the Chu army will definitely retreat. When they retreat, we will attack again and we will definitely win. " I want to say: "Chu army has six weaknesses, so we should not miss the opportunity: their two commanders are at odds with each other;" Qin Bing of the King of Chu is a noble child; Although Zheng's army is ready to go, its combat effectiveness is not complete; Although the barbarians in the Chu army became an army, they could not be deployed in the battle; Disposal does not avoid the end of the month; Their soldiers are noisy in battle, and they will be even noisier when they meet each other. Individuals only pay attention to their own retreat, have no fighting spirit, and aristocratic children are not elite soldiers. Fighting at the end of the month is taboo. We are sure to beat them. "

Chu * * * Wang boarded the nest car' wait and see what the Jin army is doing. Zi Zhong sent Taizai Bozhou Plough to accompany the King of Chu. The king of Chu asked, "The Jin army runs around in chariots. What is this? " Bozhou Li replied, "It's an official." King Chu said, "Those people have gathered in Zhong Jun." Bozhou Li said: "This is a meeting to discuss." King Chu said, "The tent has been set up." Bozhou Li said: "This is the good or ill luck of the Jin army to the late king." King Chu said, "The tent has been demolished." Li said: "The order will be issued soon." King Chu said, "It's too noisy and dusty." Bozhou Li said: "This is to prepare for filling the well and leveling the stove." King Chu said, "Everyone got into the chariot, and the people around got off with weapons." Bozhou Li said: "This is an oath issued by the coach." The king of Chu asked, "Is there going to be a war?" Zhou Bo Praf replied, "I don't know yet." The king of Chu said, "I got on the bus again, and the people on both sides came down again." Zhou Bo Li said, "This is a prayer to God before the war." Bozhou Tiangang told the King of Chu the location of Qin Bing. Miao Benhuang around Jin Ligong also told the location of Qin Bing, the king of Jin Ligong. The soldiers around Jin Ligong said; "The best soldiers of Chu are all in Zhong Jun, and there are many of them," Miao Benhuang said to Jin Ligong. "The elite troops of Chu are just soldiers of the King of Chu in the China army. Please send some elite soldiers to attack the left and right armies of Chu, and then concentrate the three armies to attack the pro-soldiers of the king of Chu, which will surely defeat them. " When the state of Jin asked for good or ill luck, the fortune teller said, "Good luck. What I got was a' complex' hexagram, which read' Embarrassment in the South. Shoot its king with an arrow and shoot it in the eye. What if the country is embarrassed, the monarch is injured and he doesn't lose the battle? "Jin Ligong listened to not to spoil.

reading comprehension

This was a war in which Jin Chu fought for the vassal of a small country, which ended in the victory of Jin. This war has fully proved the old adage that "the winner is king and the loser is the enemy". There is no justice or injustice in the struggle between them, just to gain their own interests.

What interests people is not who wins or loses, but the performance of the opposing sides in the fighting process.

Shi Xie said that "external peace must have internal worries", which seems to give people the impression that only by constantly waging foreign wars can we ensure domestic peace. In other words, if the internal governance of the country is not good, it is necessary to rely on foreign wars to divert the attention and attention of the domestic people. When the decision-makers of the country's destiny come to this step, it can be said that there is no end to their resources. If such a ruler does not step down, why should he stay in the position of power?

Seriously, this is really robber logic, and we can't pin our hopes on confronting powerful countries and annexing weak countries. Perhaps this robber logic worked in the Spring and Autumn Period, but it doesn't work now. The main duty of a ruler is to make the country prosperous and the people happy. There are too many things that can and must be done, and too much energy must be paid.

Moreover, internal worries are not inevitable, nor do they fall from the sky; It is fundamentally caused by the rulers themselves. If the world is peaceful, the country is rich and strong, the people are happy, the politics are clear, and the rulers are honest and clean, who will rise up and rebel? It is still a well-said sentence in the water margin: officials force the people to rebel, and the people have to rebel. What people expect is a peaceful and peaceful life. What will they do for no reason?

Civil strife in the country is either political corruption, poor governance, and the rulers' extravagance, which makes the people miserable, or intrigue, intrigue and power struggle within the ruling group. In this case, trying to cure the disease through external expansion and aggression is at best a palliative, and it is more likely to aggravate civil strife and make the disease difficult to return until it is cured.

Having said that, Jin Jun was able to fight and finally won the battle of Yanling. They rely not on benevolence and morality, but on correct strategies and tactics. This is different from political corruption and ambition expansion. First of all, they know yourself and yourself, and thoroughly understand the six weaknesses of the Chu army, almost every one of which is fatal. For example, if the commander-in-chief is not in harmony, soldiers will be at a loss in the battle between the two armies. For example, when aristocratic children go to war, these dudes are used to being pampered and arrogant, and their ambitions are satisfied, but they can't stand suffering, have no fighting capacity and fail more than enough. In this way, we know the enemy's weaknesses like the palm of our hand, so we have answers. How can you not win the battle?