What is the city flower of Kunming?

Camellia, the city flower of Kunming, ranks first among the eight major flowers in Yunnan. On March 1983, the Standing Committee of Kunming Municipal People's Congress decided to designate Yunnan Camellia as the city flower of Kunming. Camellia yunnanensis is not only the flower in Kunming, but also the first flower in Yunnan.

Camellia in Kunming is a famous traditional flower in China and also a famous flower in the world. Yunnan is the main producing area of camellia in China.

Camellia in Kunming is native to Tengchong, southwest Yunnan. As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was planted in Nanzhao and Dali, Yunnan, and promoted in the palace and Kunming. By the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Camellia had been widely planted in urban and rural areas in western and central Yunnan, especially in Buddhist temples and scenic spots in Kunming, and Camellia had become a widely cultivated ornamental plant.

There are many varieties of camellia in Kunming, and there are 72 varieties of traditional camellia in Yunnan. Yang Shen of Kunming said in his poem: "There are too many camellia in Shanguo, and spring vegetables come first." "Haizhu trees have no color, and they are ashamed to shine on the jade platform." Chen Zuocai said: "There are tens of thousands of floating flowers and thousands of cold branches and leaves in the waves." In Yufeng Temple in Lijiang, there is a "first tree in the world" and "ten thousand camellias", which are over 500 years old. Two different varieties bloom side by side, with ten thousand flowers.

Yang, a poet of Lijiang River in Qing Dynasty, said: "With his back to the sky, Yulong looks cold and reactive. The scales burst into monsters and turned into pieces of mountain flowers. " 1963, Guo Moruo wrote many poems praising camellia in Yunnan, including one: "Strictly speaking, camellia is a provincial flower, and now it is full of flowers." Everyone says peony is good, but I say peony is not as good as tea. "

Extended data:

Yunnan Nanshan Tea, also known as Yunnan Camellia, belongs to Camellia of Theaceae. Originated in Yunnan. Its trees are tall, its shade is thick, its leaves are wide and its flowers are big. Raw leaves are one of the traditional flowers and trees in China with typical characteristics.

It has a cultivation history of 1000 years, and the most famous of the "eight famous flowers" is the current Kunming flower. It provides useful germplasm resources for this oil-bearing plant and cultivating new varieties of camellia oleifera. It is listed as a national second-class protected plant.

Evergreen trees, 8- 16 meters high, DBH 50 cm; Bark grayish brown; Branchlets yellowish brown, glabrous or puberulent. Leaves alternate, leathery, oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate. Yunnan Nanshan tea is 5-15cm long and 3-7cm wide. The tip is tapering to short, the base is wedge-shaped to nearly round, the edge is fine serrate, and the main vein below is hairy or hairless. Petiole 4- 15 mm long, pilose or glabrous.

Flowers are pink to deep red, often solitary or 2-3 flowers are inserted in the axils of branches, with a diameter of 5- 18 cm, sessile or very short pedicels; Bract sepals 5-7, hairy; 5-7 petals and 30-60 double flowers; Stamens are numerous, and the base is connected into a tube; There are 3-5 flower cells in the upper part of the ovary, with filamentous hairs. The capsule is oblate, with a diameter of 4-8 cm and a thick wooden shell. When it matures, it has 3-5 valves, with 3 seeds per room 1-3. The seed diameter is 1- 1.5 cm.

Camellia flowering period: Camellia has a long flowering period, generally starting from June 65438+ 10 and ending in May of the following year, and the whole flowering period is from June 1 to March. However, some camellia varieties bloom earlier, while others bloom later. Generally speaking, it can last for 7-8 months. Camellia has a long flowering period and is a good ornamental plant.

Camellia in Yunnan is characterized by long flowering period, huge and beautiful flower shape, and the color is mainly red. Where conditions permit, if planted in pieces, Yunnan camellia will be colorful and the scenery will be extremely beautiful when the flowering period is full of flowers and lush foliage.

It is also very good to decorate some public places such as hotels, commercial buildings and large and medium-sized gardens when potted. Yunnan Camellia is the "provincial flower" in Yunnan Province. 1983, Camellia yunnanensis was designated as the city flower of Kunming. It is a perennial woody ornamental plant that is a specialty of Yunnan. Camellia yunnanensis is an evergreen tree of Theaceae.

Tea trees are graceful and full of vitality, and their leaves are evergreen all the year round and do not fade. The flowers are large and colorful, and the flowering period is as long as 100 days. When in full bloom, it is like a cloud and is deeply loved by people. Camellia usually blooms in winter and spring, and its vitality conveys the information of spring. Yang Shen, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, once wrote a poem: "In the first month, spring is early in southern Yunnan, camellias are everywhere, gorgeous plums, enchanting peaches are overwhelming, flowers are piled up, and Hongyun Island is full of gardens."

Yang Shuo, a famous essayist, wrote in "Camellia Fu": "In February this year, I came back from overseas and set foot in Kunming, and my heart was drunk." "My heart is drunk" expresses the author's love for camellia in only four words.

Camellia has been cultivated in Yunnan for more than 500 years. As early as the Ming dynasty, there was a saying that Yunnan tea was the best in the world. Today, there are 100 kinds of camellias. Among them, the more famous varieties are boy's face, early pink, lion's head, very high sky, pine nut scale, peony tea, agate, Dali tea, purple robe and chrysanthemum petals.

Camellia chrysantha is golden yellow in Guangxi, and it is also a precious variety of camellia. The most famous camellias in Yunnan are "nine hearts and eighteen petals" camellias in Qingtai 'an, Guanzhuang, Anning, "pine nut scales" and "lion head" in Yaodian of Panlong Temple in Jincheng, "Wanduo tea" in Yufeng Temple in Lijiang, "Honghua" camellias in Tengchong, and the ancient tea tree king with a history of more than 2,700 years in Simao Town.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-camellia